diff --git a/.github/CODEOWNERS b/.github/CODEOWNERS
index 54b9c39b..24e3ccd8 100644
--- a/.github/CODEOWNERS
+++ b/.github/CODEOWNERS
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 # For syntax help see:
 # https://help.github.com/en/github/creating-cloning-and-archiving-repositories/about-code-owners#codeowners-syntax
 
-# The @googleapis/api-spanner is the default owner for changes in this repo
-*               @googleapis/api-spanner
+# The @googleapis/spanner-team is the default owner for changes in this repo
+*               @googleapis/spanner-team
diff --git a/.github/blunderbuss.yml b/.github/blunderbuss.yml
index 68b2d1df..47964222 100644
--- a/.github/blunderbuss.yml
+++ b/.github/blunderbuss.yml
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 assign_issues:
-  - harshachinta
+  - olavloite
diff --git a/.github/release-please.yml b/.github/release-please.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 466597e5..00000000
--- a/.github/release-please.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-releaseType: python
-handleGHRelease: true
diff --git a/.github/release-trigger.yml b/.github/release-trigger.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index d4ca9418..00000000
--- a/.github/release-trigger.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-enabled: true
diff --git a/.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml b/.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml
deleted file mode 100644
index c83e8a4f..00000000
--- a/.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-# https://github.com/googleapis/repo-automation-bots/tree/main/packages/sync-repo-settings
-# Rules for main branch protection
-branchProtectionRules:
-# Identifies the protection rule pattern. Name of the branch to be protected.
-# Defaults to `main`
-- pattern: main
-  requiresCodeOwnerReviews: true
-  requiresStrictStatusChecks: true
-  requiredStatusCheckContexts:
-    - 'lint'
-    - 'unit'
-    - 'compliance_tests_13'
-    - 'compliance_tests_14'
-    - 'compliance_tests_20'
-    - 'migration_tests'
-    - 'cla/google'
-    - 'Kokoro'
-    - 'Kokoro Compliance Tests'
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test_suite.yml b/.github/workflows/test_suite.yml
index 23f28e19..e118a0bf 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test_suite.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test_suite.yml
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: 3.14
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run Lint
@@ -22,18 +22,20 @@ jobs:
 
   unit:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.8
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run Unit Tests
-        run: nox -s unit
+        run: nox -s unit-${{ matrix.python-version }}
         env:
           SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST: localhost:9010
           GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
@@ -43,11 +45,11 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: 3.14
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run mockserver tests
@@ -58,57 +60,33 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: 3.14
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run samples
         run: nox -s _all_samples
         working-directory: samples
 
-  compliance_tests_13:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    services:
-      emulator-0:
-        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator:latest
-        ports:
-          - 9010:9010
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.8
-      - name: Install nox
-        run: python -m pip install nox
-      - name: Run Compliance Tests
-        run: nox -s compliance_test_13
-        env:
-          SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST: localhost:9010
-          GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
-
   compliance_tests_14:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     services:
       emulator-0:
-        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator:latest
+        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator
         ports:
           - 9010:9010
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.8
+          python-version: 3.9
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run Compliance Tests
@@ -123,17 +101,17 @@ jobs:
 
     services:
       emulator-0:
-        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator:latest
+        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator
         ports:
           - 9010:9010
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: 3.14
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run Compliance Tests
@@ -144,7 +122,9 @@ jobs:
 
   system:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.14"]
     services:
       emulator-0:
         image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator:latest
@@ -153,15 +133,15 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - name: Setup Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.12
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run System Tests
-        run: nox -s system
+        run: nox -s system-${{ matrix.python-version }}
         env:
           SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST: localhost:9010
           GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
@@ -177,39 +157,15 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
-          python-version: 3.8
+          python-version: 3.9
       - name: Install nox
         run: python -m pip install nox
       - name: Run Migration Tests
         run: nox -s migration_test
         env:
           SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST: localhost:9010
-          GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
-
-  migration1310_tests:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    services:
-      emulator-0:
-        image: gcr.io/cloud-spanner-emulator/emulator:latest
-        ports:
-          - 9010:9010
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Setup Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.8
-      - name: Install nox
-        run: python -m pip install nox
-      - name: Run Migration Tests
-        run: nox -s migration_test_1310
-        env:
-          SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST: localhost:9010
-          GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
+          GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT: appdev-soda-spanner-staging
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 6cb13eed..e62c3479 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ docs/_build
 docs.metadata
 
 # Virtual environment
+.venv/
 env/
 coverage.xml
 sponge_log.xml
@@ -59,4 +60,5 @@ system_tests/local_test_setup
 pylintrc
 pylintrc.test
 
-test.cfg
\ No newline at end of file
+test.cfg
+database
diff --git a/.librarian/state.yaml b/.librarian/state.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9f291321
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.librarian/state.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+image: us-central1-docker.pkg.dev/cloud-sdk-librarian-prod/images-prod/python-librarian-generator@sha256:c8612d3fffb3f6a32353b2d1abd16b61e87811866f7ec9d65b59b02eb452a620
+libraries:
+  - id: sqlalchemy-spanner
+    version: 1.17.2
+    last_generated_commit: ""
+    apis: []
+    source_roots:
+      - .
+    preserve_regex: []
+    remove_regex: []
+    tag_format: v{version}
diff --git a/.repo-metadata.json b/.repo-metadata.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b9fa24ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.repo-metadata.json
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+    "name": "sqlalchemy-spanner",
+    "name_pretty": "Spanner dialect for SQLAlchemy",
+    "product_documentation": "https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs",
+    "client_documentation": "https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy",
+    "issue_tracker": "https://issuetracker.google.com/issues?q=componentid:190851%2B%20status:open",
+    "release_level": "stable",
+    "language": "python",
+    "library_type": "INTEGRATION",
+    "repo": "googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy",
+    "distribution_name": "sqlalchemy-spanner",
+    "requires_billing": true,
+    "api_shortname": "sqlalchemy-spanner"
+}
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 3fa83c27..cd889378 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,109 @@
 # Changelog
 
+[PyPI History][1]
+
+[1]: https://pypi.org/project/sqlalchemy-spanner/#history
+
+## [1.17.2](https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/compare/sqlalchemy-spanner-v1.17.1...sqlalchemy-spanner-v1.17.2) (2025-12-15)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Retrieve columns in compound indexes in correct order (#798) ([9afe49bb720356c58890931c17546650ffd61f88](https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/commit/9afe49bb720356c58890931c17546650ffd61f88))
+
+## [1.17.1](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.17.0...v1.17.1) (2025-10-21)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Return Correct Column Order in get_multi_foreign_keys ([#783](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/783)) ([42027d5](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/42027d56abe3b3e87faece03f4ade84b9703acd6)), closes [#779](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/779)
+
+## [1.17.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.16.0...v1.17.0) (2025-10-09)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Add Support for Interleaved Indexes ([#762](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/762)) ([77b86f1](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/77b86f1ad9d31932c960497eb1fb29635b74cb92)), closes [#761](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/761)
+
+## [1.16.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.15.0...v1.16.0) (2025-09-02)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Support NULL FILTERED indexes ([#750](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/750)) ([4bc0589](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/4bc05898995a586816e116e0a3205966a52d1ef8))
+
+
+### Documentation
+
+* Add sample for parse_json ([#752](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/752)) ([b2f0e89](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/b2f0e89b8f01481fa6f29da055300eeb533591cc)), closes [#735](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/735)
+
+## [1.15.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.14.0...v1.15.0) (2025-08-19)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Add license metadata to setup.py ([#712](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/712)) ([8f2e97e](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/8f2e97e527b00bfb6db40d946a21f522177eab7b))
+* Enable SQLAlchemy 2.0's insertmany feature ([#721](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/721)) ([1fe9f4b](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/1fe9f4b0a2f94d66c925d1d60a1fd83fc45e9c89))
+* Support informational foreign keys ([#719](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/719)) ([c565ae1](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/c565ae12b1b429c66037e9cd0c4be427a60ab5b0))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Report column defaults in introspection ([#744](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/744)) ([309c641](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/309c64179d668dbe24881e6d7fb4783fb1d8bbf2)), closes [#730](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/730)
+* Respect existing server default in alter column DDL ([#733](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/733)) ([1f8a25f](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/1f8a25f63286c1241141985d4f10f558e929a272))
+
+## [1.14.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.13.1...v1.14.0) (2025-06-27)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Support commit timestamp option ([#697](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/697)) ([82bb8ed](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/82bb8ed583a5fd91c8a10fb73c85a6a5f45269f6))
+
+## [1.13.1](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.13.0...v1.13.1) (2025-06-20)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Support retrieval of cross-schema foreign keys ([ef07a1f](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/ef07a1f55736eae9751f85fef66599fdfa21bcd4)), closes [#638](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/638)
+
+## [1.13.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.12.0...v1.13.0) (2025-06-05)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Introduce compatibility with native namespace packages ([#375](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/375)) ([052e699](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/052e699f82a795def518f4f0a32039e1c68174a0))
+
+## [1.12.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.11.1...v1.12.0) (2025-06-02)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Document the use of statement and transaction tags ([#676](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/676)) ([c78ad04](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/c78ad04dc7a3e1c773bde21ef927d5250f47992d))
+* Support database role in connect arguments ([#667](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/667)) ([47aa27c](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/47aa27c489cb7051cb55468ab4d6b79f8c0ce1f3))
+* Support multi-row inserts ([#671](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/671)) ([f5d94cd](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/f5d94cd15cba43684fc584072018ab3bc826f457)), closes [#670](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/670)
+
+## [1.11.1](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.11.0...v1.11.1) (2025-05-27)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Update README to include isolation level repeatable read ([#668](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/668)) ([d84daf6](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/d84daf65a496bdff6f5d9e835490785c69533238))
+
+## [1.11.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.10.0...v1.11.0) (2025-05-07)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Add isolation level support and sample ([#652](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/652)) ([0aba318](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/0aba31835bc581a0a05e29b5878ba0a665686414))
+* Add SpannerPickleType ([#655](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/655)) ([0837542](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/0837542e5606ab9ea7a8765bf54524ebf9b0dd71)), closes [#654](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/654)
+* Support schemas in queries and dml statements ([#639](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/639)) ([81c154a](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/81c154a37b82315a8bb57319ba11272626addad3))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* Column order in get_multi_pk_constraint ([#640](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/640)) ([16c87e4](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/16c87e4fbf1b9d5dbac0e3279cce078a2d09e4b4))
+* Include schema when creating indices ([#637](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/637)) ([41905e2](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/commit/41905e21b5b6473d5dbf75d40db765ebf48235dc))
+
 ## [1.10.0](https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/compare/v1.9.0...v1.10.0) (2025-03-17)
 
 
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 927848dc..0727262c 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+:**NOTE**: **This github repository is archived. The repository contents and history have moved to** `google-cloud-python`_.
+
+.. _google-cloud-python: https://github.com/googleapis/google-cloud-python/tree/main/packages/sqlalchemy-spanner
+
+
 Spanner dialect for SQLAlchemy
 ==============================
 
@@ -89,7 +94,8 @@ To pass your custom client object directly to be be used, create engine as follo
 
     engine = create_engine(
         "spanner+spanner:///projects/project-id/instances/instance-id/databases/database-id",
-        connect_args={'client': spanner.Client(project="project-id")}
+        connect_args={'client': spanner.Client(project="project-id")},
+        isolation_level="SERIALIZABLE"
     )
 
 Create a table
@@ -233,6 +239,22 @@ tables with this feature, make sure to call ``add_is_dependent_on()`` on
 the child table to request SQLAlchemy to create the parent table before
 the child table.
 
+Commit timestamps
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The dialect offers the ``spanner_allow_commit_timestamp`` option to
+column constructors for creating commit timestamp columns.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+   Table(
+       "table",
+       metadata,
+       Column("last_update_time", DateTime, spanner_allow_commit_timestamp=True),
+   )
+
+`See this documentation page for more details <https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/commit-timestamp>`__.
+
 Unique constraints
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -264,8 +286,9 @@ Create a UNIQUE index:
 Autocommit mode
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Spanner dialect supports both ``SERIALIZABLE`` and ``AUTOCOMMIT``
-isolation levels. ``SERIALIZABLE`` is the default isolation level.
+Spanner dialect supports ``SERIALIZABLE``, ``REPEATABLE_READ``, and
+``AUTOCOMMIT`` isolation levels. ``SERIALIZABLE`` is the default
+isolation level.
 
 ``AUTOCOMMIT`` mode corresponds to automatically committing each
 insert/update/delete statement right after is has been executed.
@@ -287,11 +310,17 @@ Isolation level change example:
 
 Automatic transaction retry
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-In the default ``SERIALIZABLE`` mode transactions may fail with ``Aborted`` exception. This is a transient kind of errors, which mostly happen to prevent data corruption by concurrent modifications. Though the original transaction becomes non operational, a simple retry of the queries solves the issue.
+In ``SERIALIZABLE`` isolation mode, transactions may fail with an ``Aborted`` exception.
+This happens if there are conflicts between different transactions, for example if one
+transaction tries to read data that another transaction has modified. Aborted transactions
+should be retried by the client. The Spanner SQLAlchemy provider automatically retries
+aborted transactions.
 
-This, however, may require to manually repeat a long list of operations, executed in the failed transaction. To simplify it, Spanner Connection API tracks all the operations, executed inside current transaction, and their result checksums. If the transaction failed with ``Aborted`` exception, the Connection API will automatically start a new transaction and will re-run all the tracked operations, checking if their results are the same as they were in the original transaction. In case data changed, and results differ, the transaction is dropped, as there is no way to automatically retry it.
+Isolation level ``SERIALIZABLE`` takes lock for both **reads and writes**.
 
-In ``AUTOCOMMIT`` mode automatic transactions retry mechanism is disabled, as every operation is committed just in time, and there is no way an ``Aborted`` exception can happen.
+Use isolation level ``REPEATABLE READ`` to reduce the amount of locks that
+are taken by read/write transactions. ``REPEATABLE READ`` only takes locks
+for **writes** and for queries that use a ``FOR UPDATE`` clause.
 
 Auto-increment primary keys
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -340,8 +369,8 @@ Usage example:
    query = query.filter(User.name.in_(["val1", "val2"]))
    query.statement.compile(session.bind)
 
-ReadOnly transactions
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Read-only transactions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 By default, transactions produced by a Spanner connection are in
 ReadWrite mode. However, workloads that only read data perform better
@@ -465,7 +494,6 @@ Other limitations
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 -  WITH RECURSIVE statement is not supported.
--  Named schemas are not supported.
 -  Temporary tables are not supported.
 -  Numeric type dimensions (scale and precision) are constant. See the
    `docs <https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/data-types#numeric_types>`__.
diff --git a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/__init__.py b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/__init__.py
index 6cfd02bb..a5a387d1 100644
--- a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/__init__.py
+++ b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/__init__.py
@@ -14,4 +14,7 @@
 
 from .sqlalchemy_spanner import SpannerDialect
 
-__all__ = (SpannerDialect,)
+from .version import __version__
+
+
+__all__ = (SpannerDialect, __version__)
diff --git a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/_opentelemetry_tracing.py b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/_opentelemetry_tracing.py
index 5e8c244d..960442c5 100644
--- a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/_opentelemetry_tracing.py
+++ b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/_opentelemetry_tracing.py
@@ -27,8 +27,10 @@
     from opentelemetry.trace.status import Status, StatusCode
 
     HAS_OPENTELEMETRY_INSTALLED = True
+    tracer = trace.get_tracer(__name__)
 except ImportError:
     HAS_OPENTELEMETRY_INSTALLED = False
+    tracer = None
 
 
 @contextmanager
@@ -39,7 +41,6 @@ def trace_call(name, extra_attributes=None):
         yield None
         return
 
-    tracer = trace.get_tracer(__name__)
     # Set base attributes that we know for every trace created
     attributes = {
         "db.type": "spanner",
diff --git a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/requirements.py b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/requirements.py
index a6e6dc00..04d21dc8 100644
--- a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/requirements.py
+++ b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/requirements.py
@@ -102,7 +102,10 @@ def get_isolation_levels(self, _):
         Returns:
             dict: isolation levels description.
         """
-        return {"default": "SERIALIZABLE", "supported": ["SERIALIZABLE", "AUTOCOMMIT"]}
+        return {
+            "default": "SERIALIZABLE",
+            "supported": ["SERIALIZABLE", "REPEATABLE READ", "AUTOCOMMIT"],
+        }
 
     @property
     def precision_numerics_enotation_large(self):
diff --git a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py
index 9670327f..a8ca59bd 100644
--- a/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py
+++ b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+import base64
 
-import pkg_resources
 import re
 
 from alembic.ddl.base import (
@@ -20,14 +20,15 @@
     ColumnType,
     alter_column,
     alter_table,
+    format_server_default,
     format_type,
 )
 from google.api_core.client_options import ClientOptions
 from google.auth.credentials import AnonymousCredentials
-from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import Client
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import Client, TransactionOptions
 from sqlalchemy.exc import NoSuchTableError
 from sqlalchemy.sql import elements
-from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint, types
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKeyConstraint, types, TypeDecorator, PickleType
 from sqlalchemy.engine.base import Engine
 from sqlalchemy.engine.default import DefaultDialect, DefaultExecutionContext
 from sqlalchemy.event import listens_for
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1.data_types import JsonObject
 from google.cloud import spanner_dbapi
 from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner._opentelemetry_tracing import trace_call
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner import version as sqlalchemy_spanner_version
 import sqlalchemy
 
 USING_SQLACLCHEMY_20 = False
@@ -70,14 +72,41 @@ def reset_connection(dbapi_conn, connection_record, reset_state=None):
 
         dbapi_conn.staleness = None
         dbapi_conn.read_only = False
-    else:
-        dbapi_conn.rollback()
 
 
 # register a method to get a single value of a JSON object
 OPERATORS[json_getitem_op] = operator_lookup["json_getitem_op"]
 
 
+# PickleType that can be used with Spanner.
+# Binary values are automatically encoded/decoded to/from base64.
+# Usage:
+# class User(Base):
+#     __tablename__ = 'users'
+#
+#     user_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+#     username = Column(String(50), nullable=False)
+#     preferences = Column(PickleType(impl=SpannerPickleType))
+class SpannerPickleType(TypeDecorator):
+    impl = PickleType
+
+    def bind_processor(self, dialect):
+        def process(value):
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            return base64.standard_b64encode(value)
+
+        return process
+
+    def result_processor(self, dialect, coltype):
+        def process(value):
+            if value is None:
+                return None
+            return base64.standard_b64decode(value)
+
+        return process
+
+
 # Spanner-to-SQLAlchemy types map
 _type_map = {
     "BOOL": types.Boolean,
@@ -188,6 +217,16 @@ def pre_exec(self):
         if request_tag:
             self.cursor.request_tag = request_tag
 
+        ignore_transaction_warnings = self.execution_options.get(
+            "ignore_transaction_warnings"
+        )
+        if ignore_transaction_warnings is not None:
+            conn = self._dbapi_connection.connection
+            if conn is not None and hasattr(conn, "_connection_variables"):
+                conn._connection_variables[
+                    "ignore_transaction_warnings"
+                ] = ignore_transaction_warnings
+
     def fire_sequence(self, seq, type_):
         """Builds a statement for fetching next value of the sequence."""
         return self._execute_scalar(
@@ -233,6 +272,10 @@ class SpannerSQLCompiler(SQLCompiler):
 
     compound_keywords = _compound_keywords
 
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.tablealiases = {}
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
     def get_from_hint_text(self, _, text):
         """Return a hint text.
 
@@ -378,9 +421,19 @@ def limit_clause(self, select, **kw):
         return text
 
     def returning_clause(self, stmt, returning_cols, **kw):
+        # Set the spanner_is_returning flag which is passed to visit_column.
         columns = [
-            self._label_select_column(None, c, True, False, {})
-            for c in expression._select_iterables(returning_cols)
+            self._label_select_column(
+                None, c, True, False, {"spanner_is_returning": True}
+            )
+            for c in expression._select_iterables(
+                filter(
+                    lambda col: not col.dialect_options.get("spanner", {}).get(
+                        "exclude_from_returning", False
+                    ),
+                    returning_cols,
+                )
+            )
         ]
 
         return "THEN RETURN " + ", ".join(columns)
@@ -391,6 +444,98 @@ def visit_sequence(self, seq, **kw):
             seq
         )
 
+    def visit_table(self, table, spanner_aliased=False, iscrud=False, **kwargs):
+        """Produces the table name.
+
+        Schema names are not allowed in Spanner SELECT statements. We
+        need to avoid generating SQL like
+
+        SELECT schema.tbl.id
+        FROM schema.tbl
+
+        To do so, we alias the table in order to produce SQL like:
+
+        SELECT tbl_1.id, tbl_1.col
+        FROM schema.tbl AS tbl_1
+
+        And do similar for UPDATE and DELETE statements.
+
+        This closely mirrors the mssql dialect which also avoids
+        schema-qualified columns in SELECTs, although the behaviour is
+        currently behind a deprecated 'legacy_schema_aliasing' flag.
+        """
+        if spanner_aliased is table or self.isinsert:
+            return super().visit_table(table, **kwargs)
+
+        # Add an alias for schema-qualified tables.
+        # Tables in the default schema are not aliased and follow the
+        # standard SQLAlchemy code path.
+        alias = self._schema_aliased_table(table)
+        if alias is not None:
+            return self.process(alias, spanner_aliased=table, **kwargs)
+        else:
+            return super().visit_table(table, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_alias(self, alias, **kw):
+        """Produces alias statements."""
+        # translate for schema-qualified table aliases
+        kw["spanner_aliased"] = alias.element
+        return super().visit_alias(alias, **kw)
+
+    def visit_column(
+        self, column, add_to_result_map=None, spanner_is_returning=False, **kw
+    ):
+        """Produces column expressions.
+
+        In tandem with visit_table, replaces schema-qualified column
+        names with column names qualified against an alias.
+        """
+        if column.table is not None and not self.isinsert or self.is_subquery():
+            # translate for schema-qualified table aliases
+            t = self._schema_aliased_table(column.table)
+            if t is not None:
+                converted = elements._corresponding_column_or_error(t, column)
+                if add_to_result_map is not None:
+                    add_to_result_map(
+                        column.name,
+                        column.name,
+                        (column, column.name, column.key),
+                        column.type,
+                    )
+
+                return super().visit_column(converted, **kw)
+        if spanner_is_returning:
+            # Set include_table=False because although table names are
+            # allowed in RETURNING clauses, schema names are not.  We
+            # can't use the same aliasing trick above that we use with
+            # other statements, because INSERT statements don't result
+            # in visit_table calls and INSERT table names can't be
+            # aliased.  Statements like:
+            #
+            # INSERT INTO table (id, name)
+            # SELECT id, name FROM another_table
+            # THEN RETURN another_table.id
+            #
+            # aren't legal, so the columns remain unambiguous when not
+            # qualified by table name.
+            kw["include_table"] = False
+
+        return super().visit_column(column, add_to_result_map=add_to_result_map, **kw)
+
+    def _schema_aliased_table(self, table):
+        """Creates an alias for the table if it is schema-qualified.
+
+        If the table is schema-qualified, returns an alias for the
+        table and caches the alias for future references to the
+        table. If the table is not schema-qualified, returns None.
+        """
+        if getattr(table, "schema", None) is not None:
+            if table not in self.tablealiases:
+                self.tablealiases[table] = table.alias()
+            return self.tablealiases[table]
+        else:
+            return None
+
 
 class SpannerDDLCompiler(DDLCompiler):
     """Spanner DDL statements compiler."""
@@ -435,12 +580,24 @@ def get_column_specification(self, column, **kwargs):
         elif has_identity:
             colspec += " " + self.process(column.identity)
         elif default is not None:
-            colspec += " DEFAULT (" + default + ")"
+            colspec += f" DEFAULT {default}"
         elif hasattr(column, "computed") and column.computed is not None:
             colspec += " " + self.process(column.computed)
 
+        if column.dialect_options.get("spanner", {}).get(
+            "allow_commit_timestamp", False
+        ):
+            colspec += " OPTIONS (allow_commit_timestamp=true)"
+
         return colspec
 
+    def get_column_default_string(self, column):
+        default = super().get_column_default_string(column)
+        if default is not None:
+            return f"({default})"
+
+        return default
+
     def visit_computed_column(self, generated, **kw):
         """Computed column operator."""
         text = "AS (%s) STORED" % self.sql_compiler.process(
@@ -468,8 +625,17 @@ def visit_drop_table(self, drop_table, **kw):
         constrs = ""
         for cons in drop_table.element.constraints:
             if isinstance(cons, ForeignKeyConstraint) and cons.name:
+                effective_schema = self.preparer.schema_for_object(drop_table.element)
+                if effective_schema:
+                    table = (
+                        f"{self.preparer.quote_schema(effective_schema)}"
+                        "."
+                        f"{self.preparer.quote(drop_table.element.name)}"
+                    )
+                else:
+                    table = self.preparer.quote(drop_table.element.name)
                 constrs += "ALTER TABLE {table} DROP CONSTRAINT {constr};".format(
-                    table=drop_table.element.name,
+                    table=table,
                     constr=self.preparer.quote(cons.name),
                 )
 
@@ -501,6 +667,12 @@ def visit_unique_constraint(self, constraint, **kw):
             "Create UNIQUE indexes instead."
         )
 
+    def visit_foreign_key_constraint(self, constraint, **kw):
+        text = super().visit_foreign_key_constraint(constraint, **kw)
+        if constraint.dialect_options.get("spanner", {}).get("not_enforced", False):
+            text += " NOT ENFORCED"
+        return text
+
     def post_create_table(self, table):
         """Build statements to be executed after CREATE TABLE.
 
@@ -529,7 +701,7 @@ def post_create_table(self, table):
         return post_cmds
 
     def visit_create_index(
-        self, create, include_schema=False, include_table_schema=True, **kw
+        self, create, include_schema=True, include_table_schema=True, **kw
     ):
         text = super().visit_create_index(
             create, include_schema, include_table_schema, **kw
@@ -546,6 +718,19 @@ def visit_create_index(
                 text += " STORING (%s)" % ", ".join(
                     [self.preparer.quote(c.name) for c in storing_columns]
                 )
+
+            interleave_in = options.get("interleave_in")
+            if interleave_in is not None:
+                text += f", INTERLEAVE IN {self.preparer.quote(interleave_in)}"
+
+            if options.get("null_filtered", False):
+                text = re.sub(
+                    r"(^\s*CREATE\s+(?:UNIQUE\s+)?)INDEX",
+                    r"\1NULL_FILTERED INDEX",
+                    text,
+                    flags=re.IGNORECASE,
+                )
+
         return text
 
     def get_identity_options(self, identity_options):
@@ -648,6 +833,7 @@ class SpannerDialect(DefaultDialect):
     encoding = "utf-8"
     max_identifier_length = 256
     _legacy_binary_type_literal_encoding = "utf-8"
+    _default_isolation_level = "SERIALIZABLE"
 
     execute_sequence_format = list
 
@@ -658,15 +844,22 @@ class SpannerDialect(DefaultDialect):
     supports_sequences = True
     sequences_optional = False
     supports_identity_columns = True
-    supports_native_enum = True
     supports_native_boolean = True
     supports_native_decimal = True
     supports_statement_cache = True
+    # Spanner uses protos for enums. Creating a column like
+    # Column("an_enum", Enum("A", "B", "C")) will result in a String
+    # column. Setting supports_native_enum to False allows SQLAlchemy
+    # to generate check constraints to enforce the enum values if the
+    # create_constraint=True flag is passed to the Enum constructor.
+    supports_native_enum = False
 
     postfetch_lastrowid = False
     insert_returning = True
     update_returning = True
     delete_returning = True
+    supports_multivalues_insert = True
+    use_insertmanyvalues = True
 
     ddl_compiler = SpannerDDLCompiler
     preparer = SpannerIdentifierPreparer
@@ -699,12 +892,11 @@ def default_isolation_level(self):
         Returns:
             str: default isolation level.
         """
-        return "SERIALIZABLE"
+        return self._default_isolation_level
 
     @default_isolation_level.setter
     def default_isolation_level(self, value):
-        """Default isolation level should not be changed."""
-        pass
+        self._default_isolation_level = value
 
     def _check_unicode_returns(self, connection, additional_tests=None):
         """Ensure requests are returning Unicode responses."""
@@ -788,8 +980,8 @@ def create_connect_args(self, url):
             ),
             url.database,
         )
-        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution("sqlalchemy-spanner")
-        options = {"user_agent": f"gl-{dist.project_name}/{dist.version}"}
+        dist_version = sqlalchemy_spanner_version.__version__
+        options = {"user_agent": f"gl-sqlalchemy-spanner/{dist_version}"}
         connect_opts = url.translate_connect_args()
         if (
             "host" in connect_opts
@@ -943,7 +1135,8 @@ def get_multi_columns(
 
         sql = """
             SELECT col.table_schema, col.table_name, col.column_name,
-                col.spanner_type, col.is_nullable, col.generation_expression
+                col.spanner_type, col.is_nullable, col.generation_expression,
+                col.column_default
             FROM information_schema.columns as col
             JOIN information_schema.tables AS t
                 USING (TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME)
@@ -971,7 +1164,7 @@ def get_multi_columns(
                     "name": col[2],
                     "type": self._designate_type(col[3]),
                     "nullable": col[4] == "YES",
-                    "default": None,
+                    "default": col[6] if col[6] is not None else None,
                 }
 
                 if col[5] is not None:
@@ -1074,33 +1267,36 @@ def get_multi_indexes(
                i.table_schema,
                i.table_name,
                i.index_name,
-               (
-                   SELECT ARRAY_AGG(ic.column_name)
+               ARRAY(
+                   SELECT ic.column_name
                    FROM information_schema.index_columns ic
                    WHERE ic.index_name = i.index_name
                    AND ic.table_catalog = i.table_catalog
                    AND ic.table_schema = i.table_schema
                    AND ic.table_name = i.table_name
                    AND ic.column_ordering is not null
+                   ORDER BY ic.ordinal_position
                ) as columns,
                i.is_unique,
-               (
-                   SELECT ARRAY_AGG(ic.column_ordering)
+               ARRAY(
+                   SELECT ic.column_ordering
                    FROM information_schema.index_columns ic
                    WHERE ic.index_name = i.index_name
                    AND ic.table_catalog = i.table_catalog
                    AND ic.table_schema = i.table_schema
                    AND ic.table_name = i.table_name
                    AND ic.column_ordering is not null
+                   ORDER BY ic.ordinal_position
                ) as column_orderings,
-               (
-                   SELECT ARRAY_AGG(storing.column_name)
+               ARRAY(
+                   SELECT storing.column_name
                    FROM information_schema.index_columns storing
                    WHERE storing.index_name = i.index_name
                    AND storing.table_catalog = i.table_catalog
                    AND storing.table_schema = i.table_schema
                    AND storing.table_name = i.table_name
                    AND storing.column_ordering is null
+                   ORDER BY storing.ordinal_position
                ) as storing_columns,
             FROM information_schema.indexes as i
             JOIN information_schema.tables AS t
@@ -1205,9 +1401,9 @@ def get_multi_pk_constraint(
         table_type_query = self._get_table_type_query(kind, True)
 
         sql = """
-            SELECT tc.table_schema, tc.table_name, ccu.COLUMN_NAME
+            SELECT tc.table_schema, tc.table_name, kcu.column_name
             FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS tc
-            JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE AS ccu
+            JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS kcu
                 USING (TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, CONSTRAINT_NAME)
             JOIN information_schema.tables AS t
                 ON  tc.TABLE_CATALOG = t.TABLE_CATALOG
@@ -1215,6 +1411,8 @@ def get_multi_pk_constraint(
                 AND tc.TABLE_NAME = t.TABLE_NAME
             WHERE {table_filter_query} {table_type_query}
             {schema_filter_query} tc.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = "PRIMARY KEY"
+            ORDER BY tc.table_catalog ASC, tc.table_schema ASC,
+                     tc.table_name ASC, kcu.ordinal_position ASC
         """.format(
             table_filter_query=table_filter_query,
             table_type_query=table_type_query,
@@ -1318,38 +1516,45 @@ def get_multi_foreign_keys(
             tc.table_schema,
             tc.table_name,
             tc.constraint_name,
-            ctu.table_name,
-            ctu.table_schema,
-            ARRAY_AGG(DISTINCT ccu.column_name),
-            ARRAY_AGG(
-                DISTINCT CONCAT(
-                    CAST(kcu.ordinal_position AS STRING),
-                    '_____',
-                    kcu.column_name
-                )
+            tc_uq.table_name,
+            tc_uq.table_schema,
+            -- Find the corresponding pairs of columns for the foreign key constraint
+            -- and its related unique constraint.
+            ARRAY(
+                SELECT (kcu.column_name, kcu_uq.column_name)
+                FROM information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
+                JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu_uq
+                    ON kcu_uq.constraint_catalog = rc.unique_constraint_catalog
+                    AND kcu_uq.constraint_schema = rc.unique_constraint_schema
+                    AND kcu_uq.constraint_name = rc.unique_constraint_name
+                    AND kcu_uq.ordinal_position = kcu.ordinal_position
+                WHERE
+                    kcu.constraint_catalog = tc.constraint_catalog
+                    AND kcu.constraint_schema = tc.constraint_schema
+                    AND kcu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
+                ORDER BY kcu.ordinal_position
             )
             FROM information_schema.table_constraints AS tc
-            JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage AS ccu
-                USING (table_catalog, table_schema, constraint_name)
-            JOIN information_schema.constraint_table_usage AS ctu
-                ON ctu.table_catalog = tc.table_catalog
-                and ctu.table_schema = tc.table_schema
-                and ctu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
-            JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
-                ON kcu.table_catalog = tc.table_catalog
-                and kcu.table_schema = tc.table_schema
-                and kcu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
+            -- Join the foreign key constraint for the referring table.
+            JOIN information_schema.referential_constraints AS rc
+                ON rc.constraint_catalog = tc.constraint_catalog
+                AND rc.constraint_schema = tc.constraint_schema
+                AND rc.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
+            -- Join the corresponding unique constraint on the referenced table.
+            JOIN information_schema.table_constraints AS tc_uq
+                ON tc_uq.constraint_catalog = rc.unique_constraint_catalog
+                AND tc_uq.constraint_schema = rc.unique_constraint_schema
+                AND tc_uq.constraint_name = rc.unique_constraint_name
+            -- Join in the tables view so WHERE filters can reference fields in it.
             JOIN information_schema.tables AS t
                 ON t.table_catalog = tc.table_catalog
-                and t.table_schema = tc.table_schema
-                and t.table_name = tc.table_name
+                AND t.table_schema = tc.table_schema
+                AND t.table_name = tc.table_name
             WHERE
                 {table_filter_query}
                 {table_type_query}
                 {schema_filter_query}
                 tc.constraint_type = "FOREIGN KEY"
-            GROUP BY tc.table_name, tc.table_schema, tc.constraint_name,
-            ctu.table_name, ctu.table_schema
             """.format(
             table_filter_query=table_filter_query,
             table_type_query=table_type_query,
@@ -1361,29 +1566,16 @@ def get_multi_foreign_keys(
             result_dict = {}
 
             for row in rows:
-                # Due to Spanner limitations, arrays order is not guaranteed during
-                # aggregation. Still, for constraints it's vital to keep the order
-                # of the referred columns, otherwise SQLAlchemy and Alembic may start
-                # to occasionally drop and recreate constraints. To avoid this, the
-                # method uses prefixes with the `key_column_usage.ordinal_position`
-                # values to ensure the columns are aggregated into an array in the
-                # correct order. Prefixes are only used under the hood. For more details
-                # see the issue:
-                # https://github.com/googleapis/python-spanner-sqlalchemy/issues/271
-                #
-                # The solution seem a bit clumsy, and should be improved as soon as a
-                # better approach found.
                 row[0] = row[0] or None
                 table_info = result_dict.get((row[0], row[1]), [])
-                for index, value in enumerate(sorted(row[6])):
-                    row[6][index] = value.split("_____")[1]
 
+                constrained_columns, referred_columns = zip(*row[5])
                 fk_info = {
                     "name": row[2],
                     "referred_table": row[3],
                     "referred_schema": row[4] or None,
-                    "referred_columns": row[5],
-                    "constrained_columns": row[6],
+                    "referred_columns": list(referred_columns),
+                    "constrained_columns": list(constrained_columns),
                 }
 
                 table_info.append(fk_info)
@@ -1551,7 +1743,7 @@ def set_isolation_level(self, conn_proxy, level):
                     spanner_dbapi.connection.Connection,
                 ]
             ):
-                Database connection proxy object or the connection iself.
+                Database connection proxy object or the connection itself.
             level (string): Isolation level.
         """
         if isinstance(conn_proxy, spanner_dbapi.Connection):
@@ -1559,7 +1751,13 @@ def set_isolation_level(self, conn_proxy, level):
         else:
             conn = conn_proxy.connection
 
-        conn.autocommit = level == "AUTOCOMMIT"
+        if level == "AUTOCOMMIT":
+            conn.autocommit = True
+        else:
+            if isinstance(level, str):
+                level = self._string_to_isolation_level(level)
+            conn.isolation_level = level
+            conn.autocommit = False
 
     def get_isolation_level(self, conn_proxy):
         """Get the connection isolation level.
@@ -1571,7 +1769,7 @@ def get_isolation_level(self, conn_proxy):
                     spanner_dbapi.connection.Connection,
                 ]
             ):
-                Database connection proxy object or the connection iself.
+                Database connection proxy object or the connection itself.
 
         Returns:
             str: the connection isolation level.
@@ -1581,7 +1779,31 @@ def get_isolation_level(self, conn_proxy):
         else:
             conn = conn_proxy.connection
 
-        return "AUTOCOMMIT" if conn.autocommit else "SERIALIZABLE"
+        if conn.autocommit:
+            return "AUTOCOMMIT"
+
+        level = conn.isolation_level
+        if level == TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.ISOLATION_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED:
+            level = TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.SERIALIZABLE
+        if isinstance(level, TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel):
+            level = self._isolation_level_to_string(level)
+
+        return level
+
+    def _string_to_isolation_level(self, name):
+        try:
+            # SQLAlchemy guarantees that the isolation level string will:
+            # 1. Be all upper case.
+            # 2. Contain spaces instead of underscores.
+            # We change the spaces into underscores to get the enum value.
+            return TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel[name.replace(" ", "_")]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ValueError("Invalid isolation level name '%s'" % name)
+
+    def _isolation_level_to_string(self, level):
+        # SQLAlchemy expects isolation level names to contain spaces,
+        # and not underscores, so we remove those before returning.
+        return level.name.replace("_", " ")
 
     def do_rollback(self, dbapi_connection):
         """
@@ -1655,11 +1877,14 @@ def do_execute_no_params(self, cursor, statement, context=None):
 def visit_column_nullable(
     element: "ColumnNullable", compiler: "SpannerDDLCompiler", **kw
 ) -> str:
-    return "%s %s %s %s" % (
-        alter_table(compiler, element.table_name, element.schema),
-        alter_column(compiler, element.column_name),
-        format_type(compiler, element.existing_type),
-        "" if element.nullable else "NOT NULL",
+    return _format_alter_column(
+        compiler,
+        element.table_name,
+        element.schema,
+        element.column_name,
+        element.existing_type,
+        element.nullable,
+        element.existing_server_default,
     )
 
 
@@ -1668,9 +1893,34 @@ def visit_column_nullable(
 def visit_column_type(
     element: "ColumnType", compiler: "SpannerDDLCompiler", **kw
 ) -> str:
-    return "%s %s %s %s" % (
-        alter_table(compiler, element.table_name, element.schema),
-        alter_column(compiler, element.column_name),
-        "%s" % format_type(compiler, element.type_),
-        "" if element.existing_nullable else "NOT NULL",
+    return _format_alter_column(
+        compiler,
+        element.table_name,
+        element.schema,
+        element.column_name,
+        element.type_,
+        element.existing_nullable,
+        element.existing_server_default,
+    )
+
+
+def _format_alter_column(
+    compiler, table_name, schema, column_name, type_, nullable, server_default
+):
+    # Older versions of SQLAlchemy pass in a boolean to indicate whether there
+    # is an existing DEFAULT constraint, instead of the actual DEFAULT constraint
+    # expression. In those cases, we do not want to explicitly include the DEFAULT
+    # constraint in the expression that is generated here.
+    if isinstance(server_default, bool):
+        server_default = None
+    return "%s %s %s%s%s" % (
+        alter_table(compiler, table_name, schema),
+        alter_column(compiler, column_name),
+        format_type(compiler, type_),
+        "" if nullable else " NOT NULL",
+        (
+            ""
+            if server_default is None
+            else f" DEFAULT {format_server_default(compiler, server_default)}"
+        ),
     )
diff --git a/version.py b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/version.py
similarity index 89%
rename from version.py
rename to google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/version.py
index c11faefc..6f57db5e 100644
--- a/version.py
+++ b/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/version.py
@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@
 # license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
 # https://developers.google.com/open-source/licenses/bsd
 
-__version__ = "1.10.0"
+__version__ = "1.17.2"
diff --git a/migration_test_cleanup.py b/migration_test_cleanup.py
index c56b10d0..89b1064d 100644
--- a/migration_test_cleanup.py
+++ b/migration_test_cleanup.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def main(argv):
   instance = client.instance(instance_id="".join(instance_id).replace("/", ""))
   database = instance.database("".join(database_id).replace("/", ""))
 
-  database.update_ddl(["DROP TABLE account", "DROP TABLE alembic_version"]).result(120)
+  database.update_ddl(["DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account", "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alembic_version"]).result(120)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
diff --git a/noxfile.py b/noxfile.py
index 974daf99..b7045dee 100644
--- a/noxfile.py
+++ b/noxfile.py
@@ -75,10 +75,12 @@ class = StreamHandler
     """
 
 
-BLACK_VERSION = "black==22.3.0"
+BLACK_VERSION = "black==23.7.0"
 BLACK_PATHS = ["google", "test", "noxfile.py", "setup.py", "samples"]
-DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.8"
-DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION_FOR_SQLALCHEMY_20 = "3.12"
+UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+SYSTEM_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.9", "3.14"]
+DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
+DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION_FOR_SQLALCHEMY_20 = "3.14"
 
 
 @nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION_FOR_SQLALCHEMY_20)
@@ -126,51 +128,7 @@ def lint_setup_py(session):
     session.run("python", "setup.py", "check", "--restructuredtext", "--strict")
 
 
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
-def compliance_test_13(session):
-    """Run SQLAlchemy dialect compliance test suite."""
-
-    # Check the value of `RUN_COMPLIANCE_TESTS` env var. It defaults to true.
-    if os.environ.get("RUN_COMPLIANCE_TESTS", "true") == "false":
-        session.skip("RUN_COMPLIANCE_TESTS is set to false, skipping")
-    # Sanity check: Only run tests if the environment variable is set.
-    if not os.environ.get("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS", "") and not os.environ.get(
-        "SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST", ""
-    ):
-        session.skip(
-            "Credentials or emulator host must be set via environment variable"
-        )
-
-    session.install(
-        "pytest-cov",
-    )
-
-    session.install("mock")
-    session.install(".[tracing]")
-    session.run("pip", "install", "sqlalchemy>=1.1.13,<=1.3.24", "--force-reinstall")
-    session.run("pip", "install", "opentelemetry-api<=1.10", "--force-reinstall")
-    session.run("pip", "install", "opentelemetry-sdk<=1.10", "--force-reinstall")
-    session.run("python", "create_test_database.py")
-    session.run("pip", "install", "pytest==6.2.2", "--force-reinstall")
-    session.run(
-        "pip", "install", "pytest-asyncio<0.21.0", "--force-reinstall", "--no-deps"
-    )
-
-    session.run(
-        "py.test",
-        "--cov=google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner",
-        "--cov=test",
-        "--cov-append",
-        "--cov-config=.coveragerc",
-        "--cov-report=",
-        "--cov-fail-under=0",
-        "--asyncio-mode=auto",
-        "test/test_suite_13.py",
-        *session.posargs,
-    )
-
-
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+@nox.session(python=UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS[0])
 def compliance_test_14(session):
     """Run SQLAlchemy dialect compliance test suite."""
 
@@ -232,8 +190,7 @@ def compliance_test_20(session):
     )
 
     session.install("mock")
-    session.install(".[tracing]")
-    session.run("pip", "install", "opentelemetry-api<=1.10", "--force-reinstall")
+    session.install("-e", ".", "--force-reinstall")
     session.run("python", "create_test_database.py")
 
     session.install("sqlalchemy>=2.0")
@@ -252,7 +209,7 @@ def compliance_test_20(session):
     )
 
 
-@nox.session()
+@nox.session(python=SYSTEM_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS)
 def system(session):
     """Run SQLAlchemy dialect system test suite."""
 
@@ -277,9 +234,9 @@ def system(session):
 
     session.install("mock")
     session.install(".[tracing]")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-api==1.27.0")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-sdk==1.27.0")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-instrumentation==0.48b0")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-api")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-sdk")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-instrumentation")
     session.run("python", "create_test_database.py")
 
     session.install("sqlalchemy>=2.0")
@@ -289,7 +246,7 @@ def system(session):
     session.run("python", "drop_test_database.py")
 
 
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+@nox.session(python=UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS)
 def unit(session):
     """Run unit tests."""
     # Run SQLAlchemy dialect compliance test suite with OpenTelemetry.
@@ -297,9 +254,9 @@ def unit(session):
     session.install("pytest")
     session.install("mock")
     session.install(".")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-api==1.27.0")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-sdk==1.27.0")
-    session.install("opentelemetry-instrumentation==0.48b0")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-api")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-sdk")
+    session.install("opentelemetry-instrumentation")
     session.run(
         "python", "create_test_config.py", "my-project", "my-instance", "my-database"
     )
@@ -331,32 +288,20 @@ def mockserver(session):
     )
 
 
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+@nox.session(python=UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS[0])
 def migration_test(session):
-    """Test migrations with SQLAlchemy v1.3.11+ and Alembic"""
-    session.run("pip", "install", "sqlalchemy>=1.3.11,<2.0", "--force-reinstall")
-    _migration_test(session)
-
-
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
-def migration_test_1310(session):
-    """Test migrations with SQLAlchemy 1.3.10 or lower and Alembic"""
-    session.run("pip", "install", "sqlalchemy>=1.1.13,<=1.3.10", "--force-reinstall")
+    """Test migrations with SQLAlchemy v1.4 and Alembic"""
+    session.run("pip", "install", "sqlalchemy>=1.4,<2.0", "--force-reinstall")
     _migration_test(session)
 
 
-@nox.session(python=DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+@nox.session(python=UNIT_TEST_PYTHON_VERSIONS[-1])
 def _migration_test(session):
     """Migrate with SQLAlchemy and Alembic and check the result."""
     import glob
     import os
     import shutil
 
-    try:
-        import sqlalchemy
-    except:
-        session.run("pip", "install", "sqlalchemy>=1.3.11,<2.0", "--force-reinstall")
-
     session.install("pytest")
     session.install(".")
     session.install("alembic")
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index c183046c..1378b63a 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -4,139 +4,160 @@
 #
 #    pip-compile --generate-hashes
 #
-alembic==1.15.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:197de710da4b3e91cf66a826a5b31b5d59a127ab41bd0fc42863e2902ce2bbbe \
-    --hash=sha256:e1a1c738577bca1f27e68728c910cd389b9a92152ff91d902da649c192e30c49
+alembic==1.17.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:4652a0b3e19616b57d652b82bfa5e38bf5dbea0813eed971612671cb9e90c0fe \
+    --hash=sha256:80523bc437d41b35c5db7e525ad9d908f79de65c27d6a5a5eab6df348a352d99
     # via -r requirements.in
-build==1.2.2.post1 \
-    --hash=sha256:1d61c0887fa860c01971625baae8bdd338e517b836a2f70dd1f7aa3a6b2fc5b5 \
-    --hash=sha256:b36993e92ca9375a219c99e606a122ff365a760a2d4bba0caa09bd5278b608b7
+build==1.4.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:6a07c1b8eb6f2b311b96fcbdbce5dab5fe637ffda0fd83c9cac622e927501596 \
+    --hash=sha256:f1b91b925aa322be454f8330c6fb48b465da993d1e7e7e6fa35027ec49f3c936
     # via
     #   -r requirements.in
     #   pip-tools
-cachetools==5.5.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:1a661caa9175d26759571b2e19580f9d6393969e5dfca11fdb1f947a23e640d4 \
-    --hash=sha256:d26a22bcc62eb95c3beabd9f1ee5e820d3d2704fe2967cbe350e20c8ffcd3f0a
+cachetools==7.0.2 \
+    --hash=sha256:7e7f09a4ca8b791d8bb4864afc71e9c17e607a28e6839ca1a644253c97dbeae0 \
+    --hash=sha256:938dcad184827c5e94928c4fd5526e2b46692b7fb1ae94472da9131d0299343c
     # via google-auth
-certifi==2025.1.31 \
-    --hash=sha256:3d5da6925056f6f18f119200434a4780a94263f10d1c21d032a6f6b2baa20651 \
-    --hash=sha256:ca78db4565a652026a4db2bcdf68f2fb589ea80d0be70e03929ed730746b84fe
+certifi==2026.2.25 \
+    --hash=sha256:027692e4402ad994f1c42e52a4997a9763c646b73e4096e4d5d6db8af1d6f0fa \
+    --hash=sha256:e887ab5cee78ea814d3472169153c2d12cd43b14bd03329a39a9c6e2e80bfba7
     # via requests
-charset-normalizer==3.4.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:0167ddc8ab6508fe81860a57dd472b2ef4060e8d378f0cc555707126830f2537 \
-    --hash=sha256:01732659ba9b5b873fc117534143e4feefecf3b2078b0a6a2e925271bb6f4cfa \
-    --hash=sha256:01ad647cdd609225c5350561d084b42ddf732f4eeefe6e678765636791e78b9a \
-    --hash=sha256:04432ad9479fa40ec0f387795ddad4437a2b50417c69fa275e212933519ff294 \
-    --hash=sha256:0907f11d019260cdc3f94fbdb23ff9125f6b5d1039b76003b5b0ac9d6a6c9d5b \
-    --hash=sha256:0924e81d3d5e70f8126529951dac65c1010cdf117bb75eb02dd12339b57749dd \
-    --hash=sha256:09b26ae6b1abf0d27570633b2b078a2a20419c99d66fb2823173d73f188ce601 \
-    --hash=sha256:09b5e6733cbd160dcc09589227187e242a30a49ca5cefa5a7edd3f9d19ed53fd \
-    --hash=sha256:0af291f4fe114be0280cdd29d533696a77b5b49cfde5467176ecab32353395c4 \
-    --hash=sha256:0f55e69f030f7163dffe9fd0752b32f070566451afe180f99dbeeb81f511ad8d \
-    --hash=sha256:1a2bc9f351a75ef49d664206d51f8e5ede9da246602dc2d2726837620ea034b2 \
-    --hash=sha256:22e14b5d70560b8dd51ec22863f370d1e595ac3d024cb8ad7d308b4cd95f8313 \
-    --hash=sha256:234ac59ea147c59ee4da87a0c0f098e9c8d169f4dc2a159ef720f1a61bbe27cd \
-    --hash=sha256:2369eea1ee4a7610a860d88f268eb39b95cb588acd7235e02fd5a5601773d4fa \
-    --hash=sha256:237bdbe6159cff53b4f24f397d43c6336c6b0b42affbe857970cefbb620911c8 \
-    --hash=sha256:28bf57629c75e810b6ae989f03c0828d64d6b26a5e205535585f96093e405ed1 \
-    --hash=sha256:2967f74ad52c3b98de4c3b32e1a44e32975e008a9cd2a8cc8966d6a5218c5cb2 \
-    --hash=sha256:2a75d49014d118e4198bcee5ee0a6f25856b29b12dbf7cd012791f8a6cc5c496 \
-    --hash=sha256:2bdfe3ac2e1bbe5b59a1a63721eb3b95fc9b6817ae4a46debbb4e11f6232428d \
-    --hash=sha256:2d074908e1aecee37a7635990b2c6d504cd4766c7bc9fc86d63f9c09af3fa11b \
-    --hash=sha256:2fb9bd477fdea8684f78791a6de97a953c51831ee2981f8e4f583ff3b9d9687e \
-    --hash=sha256:311f30128d7d333eebd7896965bfcfbd0065f1716ec92bd5638d7748eb6f936a \
-    --hash=sha256:329ce159e82018d646c7ac45b01a430369d526569ec08516081727a20e9e4af4 \
-    --hash=sha256:345b0426edd4e18138d6528aed636de7a9ed169b4aaf9d61a8c19e39d26838ca \
-    --hash=sha256:363e2f92b0f0174b2f8238240a1a30142e3db7b957a5dd5689b0e75fb717cc78 \
-    --hash=sha256:3a3bd0dcd373514dcec91c411ddb9632c0d7d92aed7093b8c3bbb6d69ca74408 \
-    --hash=sha256:3bed14e9c89dcb10e8f3a29f9ccac4955aebe93c71ae803af79265c9ca5644c5 \
-    --hash=sha256:44251f18cd68a75b56585dd00dae26183e102cd5e0f9f1466e6df5da2ed64ea3 \
-    --hash=sha256:44ecbf16649486d4aebafeaa7ec4c9fed8b88101f4dd612dcaf65d5e815f837f \
-    --hash=sha256:4532bff1b8421fd0a320463030c7520f56a79c9024a4e88f01c537316019005a \
-    --hash=sha256:49402233c892a461407c512a19435d1ce275543138294f7ef013f0b63d5d3765 \
-    --hash=sha256:4c0907b1928a36d5a998d72d64d8eaa7244989f7aaaf947500d3a800c83a3fd6 \
-    --hash=sha256:4d86f7aff21ee58f26dcf5ae81a9addbd914115cdebcbb2217e4f0ed8982e146 \
-    --hash=sha256:5777ee0881f9499ed0f71cc82cf873d9a0ca8af166dfa0af8ec4e675b7df48e6 \
-    --hash=sha256:5df196eb874dae23dcfb968c83d4f8fdccb333330fe1fc278ac5ceeb101003a9 \
-    --hash=sha256:619a609aa74ae43d90ed2e89bdd784765de0a25ca761b93e196d938b8fd1dbbd \
-    --hash=sha256:6e27f48bcd0957c6d4cb9d6fa6b61d192d0b13d5ef563e5f2ae35feafc0d179c \
-    --hash=sha256:6ff8a4a60c227ad87030d76e99cd1698345d4491638dfa6673027c48b3cd395f \
-    --hash=sha256:73d94b58ec7fecbc7366247d3b0b10a21681004153238750bb67bd9012414545 \
-    --hash=sha256:7461baadb4dc00fd9e0acbe254e3d7d2112e7f92ced2adc96e54ef6501c5f176 \
-    --hash=sha256:75832c08354f595c760a804588b9357d34ec00ba1c940c15e31e96d902093770 \
-    --hash=sha256:7709f51f5f7c853f0fb938bcd3bc59cdfdc5203635ffd18bf354f6967ea0f824 \
-    --hash=sha256:78baa6d91634dfb69ec52a463534bc0df05dbd546209b79a3880a34487f4b84f \
-    --hash=sha256:7974a0b5ecd505609e3b19742b60cee7aa2aa2fb3151bc917e6e2646d7667dcf \
-    --hash=sha256:7a4f97a081603d2050bfaffdefa5b02a9ec823f8348a572e39032caa8404a487 \
-    --hash=sha256:7b1bef6280950ee6c177b326508f86cad7ad4dff12454483b51d8b7d673a2c5d \
-    --hash=sha256:7d053096f67cd1241601111b698f5cad775f97ab25d81567d3f59219b5f1adbd \
-    --hash=sha256:804a4d582ba6e5b747c625bf1255e6b1507465494a40a2130978bda7b932c90b \
-    --hash=sha256:807f52c1f798eef6cf26beb819eeb8819b1622ddfeef9d0977a8502d4db6d534 \
-    --hash=sha256:80ed5e856eb7f30115aaf94e4a08114ccc8813e6ed1b5efa74f9f82e8509858f \
-    --hash=sha256:8417cb1f36cc0bc7eaba8ccb0e04d55f0ee52df06df3ad55259b9a323555fc8b \
-    --hash=sha256:8436c508b408b82d87dc5f62496973a1805cd46727c34440b0d29d8a2f50a6c9 \
-    --hash=sha256:89149166622f4db9b4b6a449256291dc87a99ee53151c74cbd82a53c8c2f6ccd \
-    --hash=sha256:8bfa33f4f2672964266e940dd22a195989ba31669bd84629f05fab3ef4e2d125 \
-    --hash=sha256:8c60ca7339acd497a55b0ea5d506b2a2612afb2826560416f6894e8b5770d4a9 \
-    --hash=sha256:91b36a978b5ae0ee86c394f5a54d6ef44db1de0815eb43de826d41d21e4af3de \
-    --hash=sha256:955f8851919303c92343d2f66165294848d57e9bba6cf6e3625485a70a038d11 \
-    --hash=sha256:97f68b8d6831127e4787ad15e6757232e14e12060bec17091b85eb1486b91d8d \
-    --hash=sha256:9b23ca7ef998bc739bf6ffc077c2116917eabcc901f88da1b9856b210ef63f35 \
-    --hash=sha256:9f0b8b1c6d84c8034a44893aba5e767bf9c7a211e313a9605d9c617d7083829f \
-    --hash=sha256:aabfa34badd18f1da5ec1bc2715cadc8dca465868a4e73a0173466b688f29dda \
-    --hash=sha256:ab36c8eb7e454e34e60eb55ca5d241a5d18b2c6244f6827a30e451c42410b5f7 \
-    --hash=sha256:b010a7a4fd316c3c484d482922d13044979e78d1861f0e0650423144c616a46a \
-    --hash=sha256:b1ac5992a838106edb89654e0aebfc24f5848ae2547d22c2c3f66454daa11971 \
-    --hash=sha256:b7b2d86dd06bfc2ade3312a83a5c364c7ec2e3498f8734282c6c3d4b07b346b8 \
-    --hash=sha256:b97e690a2118911e39b4042088092771b4ae3fc3aa86518f84b8cf6888dbdb41 \
-    --hash=sha256:bc2722592d8998c870fa4e290c2eec2c1569b87fe58618e67d38b4665dfa680d \
-    --hash=sha256:c0429126cf75e16c4f0ad00ee0eae4242dc652290f940152ca8c75c3a4b6ee8f \
-    --hash=sha256:c30197aa96e8eed02200a83fba2657b4c3acd0f0aa4bdc9f6c1af8e8962e0757 \
-    --hash=sha256:c4c3e6da02df6fa1410a7680bd3f63d4f710232d3139089536310d027950696a \
-    --hash=sha256:c75cb2a3e389853835e84a2d8fb2b81a10645b503eca9bcb98df6b5a43eb8886 \
-    --hash=sha256:c96836c97b1238e9c9e3fe90844c947d5afbf4f4c92762679acfe19927d81d77 \
-    --hash=sha256:d7f50a1f8c450f3925cb367d011448c39239bb3eb4117c36a6d354794de4ce76 \
-    --hash=sha256:d973f03c0cb71c5ed99037b870f2be986c3c05e63622c017ea9816881d2dd247 \
-    --hash=sha256:d98b1668f06378c6dbefec3b92299716b931cd4e6061f3c875a71ced1780ab85 \
-    --hash=sha256:d9c3cdf5390dcd29aa8056d13e8e99526cda0305acc038b96b30352aff5ff2bb \
-    --hash=sha256:dad3e487649f498dd991eeb901125411559b22e8d7ab25d3aeb1af367df5efd7 \
-    --hash=sha256:dccbe65bd2f7f7ec22c4ff99ed56faa1e9f785482b9bbd7c717e26fd723a1d1e \
-    --hash=sha256:dd78cfcda14a1ef52584dbb008f7ac81c1328c0f58184bf9a84c49c605002da6 \
-    --hash=sha256:e218488cd232553829be0664c2292d3af2eeeb94b32bea483cf79ac6a694e037 \
-    --hash=sha256:e358e64305fe12299a08e08978f51fc21fac060dcfcddd95453eabe5b93ed0e1 \
-    --hash=sha256:ea0d8d539afa5eb2728aa1932a988a9a7af94f18582ffae4bc10b3fbdad0626e \
-    --hash=sha256:eab677309cdb30d047996b36d34caeda1dc91149e4fdca0b1a039b3f79d9a807 \
-    --hash=sha256:eb8178fe3dba6450a3e024e95ac49ed3400e506fd4e9e5c32d30adda88cbd407 \
-    --hash=sha256:ecddf25bee22fe4fe3737a399d0d177d72bc22be6913acfab364b40bce1ba83c \
-    --hash=sha256:eea6ee1db730b3483adf394ea72f808b6e18cf3cb6454b4d86e04fa8c4327a12 \
-    --hash=sha256:f08ff5e948271dc7e18a35641d2f11a4cd8dfd5634f55228b691e62b37125eb3 \
-    --hash=sha256:f30bf9fd9be89ecb2360c7d94a711f00c09b976258846efe40db3d05828e8089 \
-    --hash=sha256:fa88b843d6e211393a37219e6a1c1df99d35e8fd90446f1118f4216e307e48cd \
-    --hash=sha256:fc54db6c8593ef7d4b2a331b58653356cf04f67c960f584edb7c3d8c97e8f39e \
-    --hash=sha256:fd4ec41f914fa74ad1b8304bbc634b3de73d2a0889bd32076342a573e0779e00 \
-    --hash=sha256:ffc9202a29ab3920fa812879e95a9e78b2465fd10be7fcbd042899695d75e616
+charset-normalizer==3.4.4 \
+    --hash=sha256:027f6de494925c0ab2a55eab46ae5129951638a49a34d87f4c3eda90f696b4ad \
+    --hash=sha256:077fbb858e903c73f6c9db43374fd213b0b6a778106bc7032446a8e8b5b38b93 \
+    --hash=sha256:0a98e6759f854bd25a58a73fa88833fba3b7c491169f86ce1180c948ab3fd394 \
+    --hash=sha256:0d3d8f15c07f86e9ff82319b3d9ef6f4bf907608f53fe9d92b28ea9ae3d1fd89 \
+    --hash=sha256:0f04b14ffe5fdc8c4933862d8306109a2c51e0704acfa35d51598eb45a1e89fc \
+    --hash=sha256:11d694519d7f29d6cd09f6ac70028dba10f92f6cdd059096db198c283794ac86 \
+    --hash=sha256:194f08cbb32dc406d6e1aea671a68be0823673db2832b38405deba2fb0d88f63 \
+    --hash=sha256:1bee1e43c28aa63cb16e5c14e582580546b08e535299b8b6158a7c9c768a1f3d \
+    --hash=sha256:21d142cc6c0ec30d2efee5068ca36c128a30b0f2c53c1c07bd78cb6bc1d3be5f \
+    --hash=sha256:2437418e20515acec67d86e12bf70056a33abdacb5cb1655042f6538d6b085a8 \
+    --hash=sha256:244bfb999c71b35de57821b8ea746b24e863398194a4014e4c76adc2bbdfeff0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2677acec1a2f8ef614c6888b5b4ae4060cc184174a938ed4e8ef690e15d3e505 \
+    --hash=sha256:277e970e750505ed74c832b4bf75dac7476262ee2a013f5574dd49075879e161 \
+    --hash=sha256:2aaba3b0819274cc41757a1da876f810a3e4d7b6eb25699253a4effef9e8e4af \
+    --hash=sha256:2b7d8f6c26245217bd2ad053761201e9f9680f8ce52f0fcd8d0755aeae5b2152 \
+    --hash=sha256:2c9d3c380143a1fedbff95a312aa798578371eb29da42106a29019368a475318 \
+    --hash=sha256:3162d5d8ce1bb98dd51af660f2121c55d0fa541b46dff7bb9b9f86ea1d87de72 \
+    --hash=sha256:31fd66405eaf47bb62e8cd575dc621c56c668f27d46a61d975a249930dd5e2a4 \
+    --hash=sha256:362d61fd13843997c1c446760ef36f240cf81d3ebf74ac62652aebaf7838561e \
+    --hash=sha256:376bec83a63b8021bb5c8ea75e21c4ccb86e7e45ca4eb81146091b56599b80c3 \
+    --hash=sha256:44c2a8734b333e0578090c4cd6b16f275e07aa6614ca8715e6c038e865e70576 \
+    --hash=sha256:47cc91b2f4dd2833fddaedd2893006b0106129d4b94fdb6af1f4ce5a9965577c \
+    --hash=sha256:4902828217069c3c5c71094537a8e623f5d097858ac6ca8252f7b4d10b7560f1 \
+    --hash=sha256:4bd5d4137d500351a30687c2d3971758aac9a19208fc110ccb9d7188fbe709e8 \
+    --hash=sha256:4fe7859a4e3e8457458e2ff592f15ccb02f3da787fcd31e0183879c3ad4692a1 \
+    --hash=sha256:542d2cee80be6f80247095cc36c418f7bddd14f4a6de45af91dfad36d817bba2 \
+    --hash=sha256:554af85e960429cf30784dd47447d5125aaa3b99a6f0683589dbd27e2f45da44 \
+    --hash=sha256:5833d2c39d8896e4e19b689ffc198f08ea58116bee26dea51e362ecc7cd3ed26 \
+    --hash=sha256:5947809c8a2417be3267efc979c47d76a079758166f7d43ef5ae8e9f92751f88 \
+    --hash=sha256:5ae497466c7901d54b639cf42d5b8c1b6a4fead55215500d2f486d34db48d016 \
+    --hash=sha256:5bd2293095d766545ec1a8f612559f6b40abc0eb18bb2f5d1171872d34036ede \
+    --hash=sha256:5bfbb1b9acf3334612667b61bd3002196fe2a1eb4dd74d247e0f2a4d50ec9bbf \
+    --hash=sha256:5cb4d72eea50c8868f5288b7f7f33ed276118325c1dfd3957089f6b519e1382a \
+    --hash=sha256:5dbe56a36425d26d6cfb40ce79c314a2e4dd6211d51d6d2191c00bed34f354cc \
+    --hash=sha256:5f819d5fe9234f9f82d75bdfa9aef3a3d72c4d24a6e57aeaebba32a704553aa0 \
+    --hash=sha256:64b55f9dce520635f018f907ff1b0df1fdc31f2795a922fb49dd14fbcdf48c84 \
+    --hash=sha256:6515f3182dbe4ea06ced2d9e8666d97b46ef4c75e326b79bb624110f122551db \
+    --hash=sha256:65e2befcd84bc6f37095f5961e68a6f077bf44946771354a28ad434c2cce0ae1 \
+    --hash=sha256:6aee717dcfead04c6eb1ce3bd29ac1e22663cdea57f943c87d1eab9a025438d7 \
+    --hash=sha256:6b39f987ae8ccdf0d2642338faf2abb1862340facc796048b604ef14919e55ed \
+    --hash=sha256:6e1fcf0720908f200cd21aa4e6750a48ff6ce4afe7ff5a79a90d5ed8a08296f8 \
+    --hash=sha256:74018750915ee7ad843a774364e13a3db91682f26142baddf775342c3f5b1133 \
+    --hash=sha256:74664978bb272435107de04e36db5a9735e78232b85b77d45cfb38f758efd33e \
+    --hash=sha256:74bb723680f9f7a6234dcf67aea57e708ec1fbdf5699fb91dfd6f511b0a320ef \
+    --hash=sha256:752944c7ffbfdd10c074dc58ec2d5a8a4cd9493b314d367c14d24c17684ddd14 \
+    --hash=sha256:778d2e08eda00f4256d7f672ca9fef386071c9202f5e4607920b86d7803387f2 \
+    --hash=sha256:780236ac706e66881f3b7f2f32dfe90507a09e67d1d454c762cf642e6e1586e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:798d75d81754988d2565bff1b97ba5a44411867c0cf32b77a7e8f8d84796b10d \
+    --hash=sha256:799a7a5e4fb2d5898c60b640fd4981d6a25f1c11790935a44ce38c54e985f828 \
+    --hash=sha256:7a32c560861a02ff789ad905a2fe94e3f840803362c84fecf1851cb4cf3dc37f \
+    --hash=sha256:7c308f7e26e4363d79df40ca5b2be1c6ba9f02bdbccfed5abddb7859a6ce72cf \
+    --hash=sha256:7fa17817dc5625de8a027cb8b26d9fefa3ea28c8253929b8d6649e705d2835b6 \
+    --hash=sha256:81d5eb2a312700f4ecaa977a8235b634ce853200e828fbadf3a9c50bab278328 \
+    --hash=sha256:82004af6c302b5d3ab2cfc4cc5f29db16123b1a8417f2e25f9066f91d4411090 \
+    --hash=sha256:837c2ce8c5a65a2035be9b3569c684358dfbf109fd3b6969630a87535495ceaa \
+    --hash=sha256:840c25fb618a231545cbab0564a799f101b63b9901f2569faecd6b222ac72381 \
+    --hash=sha256:8a6562c3700cce886c5be75ade4a5db4214fda19fede41d9792d100288d8f94c \
+    --hash=sha256:8af65f14dc14a79b924524b1e7fffe304517b2bff5a58bf64f30b98bbc5079eb \
+    --hash=sha256:8ef3c867360f88ac904fd3f5e1f902f13307af9052646963ee08ff4f131adafc \
+    --hash=sha256:94537985111c35f28720e43603b8e7b43a6ecfb2ce1d3058bbe955b73404e21a \
+    --hash=sha256:99ae2cffebb06e6c22bdc25801d7b30f503cc87dbd283479e7b606f70aff57ec \
+    --hash=sha256:9a26f18905b8dd5d685d6d07b0cdf98a79f3c7a918906af7cc143ea2e164c8bc \
+    --hash=sha256:9b35f4c90079ff2e2edc5b26c0c77925e5d2d255c42c74fdb70fb49b172726ac \
+    --hash=sha256:9cd98cdc06614a2f768d2b7286d66805f94c48cde050acdbbb7db2600ab3197e \
+    --hash=sha256:9d1bb833febdff5c8927f922386db610b49db6e0d4f4ee29601d71e7c2694313 \
+    --hash=sha256:9f7fcd74d410a36883701fafa2482a6af2ff5ba96b9a620e9e0721e28ead5569 \
+    --hash=sha256:a59cb51917aa591b1c4e6a43c132f0cdc3c76dbad6155df4e28ee626cc77a0a3 \
+    --hash=sha256:a61900df84c667873b292c3de315a786dd8dac506704dea57bc957bd31e22c7d \
+    --hash=sha256:a79cfe37875f822425b89a82333404539ae63dbdddf97f84dcbc3d339aae9525 \
+    --hash=sha256:a8a8b89589086a25749f471e6a900d3f662d1d3b6e2e59dcecf787b1cc3a1894 \
+    --hash=sha256:a8bf8d0f749c5757af2142fe7903a9df1d2e8aa3841559b2bad34b08d0e2bcf3 \
+    --hash=sha256:a9768c477b9d7bd54bc0c86dbaebdec6f03306675526c9927c0e8a04e8f94af9 \
+    --hash=sha256:ac1c4a689edcc530fc9d9aa11f5774b9e2f33f9a0c6a57864e90908f5208d30a \
+    --hash=sha256:af2d8c67d8e573d6de5bc30cdb27e9b95e49115cd9baad5ddbd1a6207aaa82a9 \
+    --hash=sha256:b435cba5f4f750aa6c0a0d92c541fb79f69a387c91e61f1795227e4ed9cece14 \
+    --hash=sha256:b5b290ccc2a263e8d185130284f8501e3e36c5e02750fc6b6bdeb2e9e96f1e25 \
+    --hash=sha256:b5d84d37db046c5ca74ee7bb47dd6cbc13f80665fdde3e8040bdd3fb015ecb50 \
+    --hash=sha256:b7cf1017d601aa35e6bb650b6ad28652c9cd78ee6caff19f3c28d03e1c80acbf \
+    --hash=sha256:bc7637e2f80d8530ee4a78e878bce464f70087ce73cf7c1caf142416923b98f1 \
+    --hash=sha256:c0463276121fdee9c49b98908b3a89c39be45d86d1dbaa22957e38f6321d4ce3 \
+    --hash=sha256:c4ef880e27901b6cc782f1b95f82da9313c0eb95c3af699103088fa0ac3ce9ac \
+    --hash=sha256:c8ae8a0f02f57a6e61203a31428fa1d677cbe50c93622b4149d5c0f319c1d19e \
+    --hash=sha256:ca5862d5b3928c4940729dacc329aa9102900382fea192fc5e52eb69d6093815 \
+    --hash=sha256:cb01158d8b88ee68f15949894ccc6712278243d95f344770fa7593fa2d94410c \
+    --hash=sha256:cb6254dc36b47a990e59e1068afacdcd02958bdcce30bb50cc1700a8b9d624a6 \
+    --hash=sha256:cc00f04ed596e9dc0da42ed17ac5e596c6ccba999ba6bd92b0e0aef2f170f2d6 \
+    --hash=sha256:cd09d08005f958f370f539f186d10aec3377d55b9eeb0d796025d4886119d76e \
+    --hash=sha256:cd4b7ca9984e5e7985c12bc60a6f173f3c958eae74f3ef6624bb6b26e2abbae4 \
+    --hash=sha256:ce8a0633f41a967713a59c4139d29110c07e826d131a316b50ce11b1d79b4f84 \
+    --hash=sha256:cead0978fc57397645f12578bfd2d5ea9138ea0fac82b2f63f7f7c6877986a69 \
+    --hash=sha256:d055ec1e26e441f6187acf818b73564e6e6282709e9bcb5b63f5b23068356a15 \
+    --hash=sha256:d1f13550535ad8cff21b8d757a3257963e951d96e20ec82ab44bc64aeb62a191 \
+    --hash=sha256:d9c7f57c3d666a53421049053eaacdd14bbd0a528e2186fcb2e672effd053bb0 \
+    --hash=sha256:d9e45d7faa48ee908174d8fe84854479ef838fc6a705c9315372eacbc2f02897 \
+    --hash=sha256:da3326d9e65ef63a817ecbcc0df6e94463713b754fe293eaa03da99befb9a5bd \
+    --hash=sha256:de00632ca48df9daf77a2c65a484531649261ec9f25489917f09e455cb09ddb2 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1f185f86a6f3403aa2420e815904c67b2f9ebc443f045edd0de921108345794 \
+    --hash=sha256:e824f1492727fa856dd6eda4f7cee25f8518a12f3c4a56a74e8095695089cf6d \
+    --hash=sha256:e912091979546adf63357d7e2ccff9b44f026c075aeaf25a52d0e95ad2281074 \
+    --hash=sha256:eaabd426fe94daf8fd157c32e571c85cb12e66692f15516a83a03264b08d06c3 \
+    --hash=sha256:ebf3e58c7ec8a8bed6d66a75d7fb37b55e5015b03ceae72a8e7c74495551e224 \
+    --hash=sha256:ecaae4149d99b1c9e7b88bb03e3221956f68fd6d50be2ef061b2381b61d20838 \
+    --hash=sha256:eecbc200c7fd5ddb9a7f16c7decb07b566c29fa2161a16cf67b8d068bd21690a \
+    --hash=sha256:f155a433c2ec037d4e8df17d18922c3a0d9b3232a396690f17175d2946f0218d \
+    --hash=sha256:f1e34719c6ed0b92f418c7c780480b26b5d9c50349e9a9af7d76bf757530350d \
+    --hash=sha256:f34be2938726fc13801220747472850852fe6b1ea75869a048d6f896838c896f \
+    --hash=sha256:f820802628d2694cb7e56db99213f930856014862f3fd943d290ea8438d07ca8 \
+    --hash=sha256:f8bf04158c6b607d747e93949aa60618b61312fe647a6369f88ce2ff16043490 \
+    --hash=sha256:f8e160feb2aed042cd657a72acc0b481212ed28b1b9a95c0cee1621b524e1966 \
+    --hash=sha256:f9d332f8c2a2fcbffe1378594431458ddbef721c1769d78e2cbc06280d8155f9 \
+    --hash=sha256:fa09f53c465e532f4d3db095e0c55b615f010ad81803d383195b6b5ca6cbf5f3 \
+    --hash=sha256:faa3a41b2b66b6e50f84ae4a68c64fcd0c44355741c6374813a800cd6695db9e \
+    --hash=sha256:fd44c878ea55ba351104cb93cc85e74916eb8fa440ca7903e57575e97394f608
     # via requests
-click==8.1.8 \
-    --hash=sha256:63c132bbbed01578a06712a2d1f497bb62d9c1c0d329b7903a866228027263b2 \
-    --hash=sha256:ed53c9d8990d83c2a27deae68e4ee337473f6330c040a31d4225c9574d16096a
+click==8.3.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:12ff4785d337a1bb490bb7e9c2b1ee5da3112e94a8622f26a6c77f5d2fc6842a \
+    --hash=sha256:981153a64e25f12d547d3426c367a4857371575ee7ad18df2a6183ab0545b2a6
     # via
     #   -r requirements.in
     #   pip-tools
-Deprecated==1.2.18 \
+deprecated==1.2.18 \
     --hash=sha256:422b6f6d859da6f2ef57857761bfb392480502a64c3028ca9bbe86085d72115d \
     --hash=sha256:bd5011788200372a32418f888e326a09ff80d0214bd961147cfed01b5c018eec
     # via
     #   opentelemetry-api
     #   opentelemetry-semantic-conventions
-google-api-core[grpc]==2.24.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:810a63ac95f3c441b7c0e43d344e372887f62ce9071ba972eacf32672e072de9 \
-    --hash=sha256:81718493daf06d96d6bc76a91c23874dbf2fac0adbbf542831b805ee6e974696
+google-api-core[grpc]==2.26.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:2b204bd0da2c81f918e3582c48458e24c11771f987f6258e6e227212af78f3ed \
+    --hash=sha256:e6e6d78bd6cf757f4aee41dcc85b07f485fbb069d5daa3afb126defba1e91a62
     # via
     #   google-cloud-core
     #   google-cloud-spanner
-google-auth==2.38.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:8285113607d3b80a3f1543b75962447ba8a09fe85783432a784fdeef6ac094c4 \
-    --hash=sha256:e7dae6694313f434a2727bf2906f27ad259bae090d7aa896590d86feec3d9d4a
+google-auth==2.41.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:754843be95575b9a19c604a848a41be03f7f2afd8c019f716dc1f51ee41c639d \
+    --hash=sha256:b76b7b1f9e61f0cb7e88870d14f6a94aeef248959ef6992670efee37709cbfd2
     # via
     #   google-api-core
     #   google-cloud-core
@@ -144,165 +165,258 @@ google-cloud-core==2.4.3 \
     --hash=sha256:1fab62d7102844b278fe6dead3af32408b1df3eb06f5c7e8634cbd40edc4da53 \
     --hash=sha256:5130f9f4c14b4fafdff75c79448f9495cfade0d8775facf1b09c3bf67e027f6e
     # via google-cloud-spanner
-google-cloud-spanner==3.53.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:0c7be3134b74928cf928d1f73b58c722fc2014346de1240a0cc8ffdd3222f606 \
-    --hash=sha256:be863394521b44df3c5a118c00c4b7c978d4437adb49e359e39b3d76362a7e60
+google-cloud-spanner==3.58.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:00d9a809155d9a92e891a0a2b2568b920016652549864024da30940ac780cc2c \
+    --hash=sha256:db1c632ac5d0a1188cfe45b31db416120d3e0b07e885d0443a398c99e9fec542
     # via -r requirements.in
-googleapis-common-protos[grpc]==1.69.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:4077f27a6900d5946ee5a369fab9c8ded4c0ef1c6e880458ea2f70c14f7b70d5 \
-    --hash=sha256:e20d2d8dda87da6fe7340afbbdf4f0bcb4c8fae7e6cadf55926c31f946b0b9b1
+googleapis-common-protos[grpc]==1.71.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:1aec01e574e29da63c80ba9f7bbf1ccfaacf1da877f23609fe236ca7c72a2e2e \
+    --hash=sha256:59034a1d849dc4d18971997a72ac56246570afdd17f9369a0ff68218d50ab78c
     # via
     #   google-api-core
     #   grpc-google-iam-v1
     #   grpcio-status
-grpc-google-iam-v1==0.14.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:14149f37af0e5779fa8a22a8ae588663269e8a479d9c2e69a5056e589bf8a891 \
-    --hash=sha256:b4eca35b2231dd76066ebf1728f3cd30d51034db946827ef63ef138da14eea16
+greenlet==3.3.2 \
+    --hash=sha256:02b0a8682aecd4d3c6c18edf52bc8e51eacdd75c8eac52a790a210b06aa295fd \
+    --hash=sha256:18cb1b7337bca281915b3c5d5ae19f4e76d35e1df80f4ad3c1a7be91fadf1082 \
+    --hash=sha256:1a9172f5bf6bd88e6ba5a84e0a68afeac9dc7b6b412b245dd64f52d83c81e55b \
+    --hash=sha256:1e692b2dae4cc7077cbb11b47d258533b48c8fde69a33d0d8a82e2fe8d8531d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:1ebd458fa8285960f382841da585e02201b53a5ec2bac6b156fc623b5ce4499f \
+    --hash=sha256:1fb39a11ee2e4d94be9a76671482be9398560955c9e568550de0224e41104727 \
+    --hash=sha256:20154044d9085151bc309e7689d6f7ba10027f8f5a8c0676ad398b951913d89e \
+    --hash=sha256:2eaf067fc6d886931c7962e8c6bede15d2f01965560f3359b27c80bde2d151f2 \
+    --hash=sha256:34308836d8370bddadb41f5a7ce96879b72e2fdfb4e87729330c6ab52376409f \
+    --hash=sha256:394ead29063ee3515b4e775216cb756b2e3b4a7e55ae8fd884f17fa579e6b327 \
+    --hash=sha256:3ceec72030dae6ac0c8ed7591b96b70410a8be370b6a477b1dbc072856ad02bd \
+    --hash=sha256:4375a58e49522698d3e70cc0b801c19433021b5c37686f7ce9c65b0d5c8677d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:43e99d1749147ac21dde49b99c9abffcbc1e2d55c67501465ef0930d6e78e070 \
+    --hash=sha256:442b6057453c8cb29b4fb36a2ac689382fc71112273726e2423f7f17dc73bf99 \
+    --hash=sha256:45abe8eb6339518180d5a7fa47fa01945414d7cca5ecb745346fc6a87d2750be \
+    --hash=sha256:4c956a19350e2c37f2c48b336a3afb4bff120b36076d9d7fb68cb44e05d95b79 \
+    --hash=sha256:508c7f01f1791fbc8e011bd508f6794cb95397fdb198a46cb6635eb5b78d85a7 \
+    --hash=sha256:527fec58dc9f90efd594b9b700662ed3fb2493c2122067ac9c740d98080a620e \
+    --hash=sha256:59b3e2c40f6706b05a9cd299c836c6aa2378cabe25d021acd80f13abf81181cf \
+    --hash=sha256:5d0e35379f93a6d0222de929a25ab47b5eb35b5ef4721c2b9cbcc4036129ff1f \
+    --hash=sha256:63d10328839d1973e5ba35e98cccbca71b232b14051fd957b6f8b6e8e80d0506 \
+    --hash=sha256:64970c33a50551c7c50491671265d8954046cb6e8e2999aacdd60e439b70418a \
+    --hash=sha256:6c6f8ba97d17a1e7d664151284cb3315fc5f8353e75221ed4324f84eb162b395 \
+    --hash=sha256:8b466dff7a4ffda6ca975979bab80bdadde979e29fc947ac3be4451428d8b0e4 \
+    --hash=sha256:8c1fdd7d1b309ff0da81d60a9688a8bd044ac4e18b250320a96fc68d31c209ca \
+    --hash=sha256:8c4dd0f3997cf2512f7601563cc90dfb8957c0cff1e3a1b23991d4ea1776c492 \
+    --hash=sha256:8d1658d7291f9859beed69a776c10822a0a799bc4bfe1bd4272bb60e62507dab \
+    --hash=sha256:8e2cd90d413acbf5e77ae41e5d3c9b3ac1d011a756d7284d7f3f2b806bbd6358 \
+    --hash=sha256:8e4ab3cfb02993c8cc248ea73d7dae6cec0253e9afa311c9b37e603ca9fad2ce \
+    --hash=sha256:94ad81f0fd3c0c0681a018a976e5c2bd2ca2d9d94895f23e7bb1af4e8af4e2d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:97245cc10e5515dbc8c3104b2928f7f02b6813002770cfaffaf9a6e0fc2b94ef \
+    --hash=sha256:9bc885b89709d901859cf95179ec9f6bb67a3d2bb1f0e88456461bd4b7f8fd0d \
+    --hash=sha256:a2a5be83a45ce6188c045bcc44b0ee037d6a518978de9a5d97438548b953a1ac \
+    --hash=sha256:a443358b33c4ec7b05b79a7c8b466f5d275025e750298be7340f8fc63dff2a55 \
+    --hash=sha256:a7945dd0eab63ded0a48e4dcade82939783c172290a7903ebde9e184333ca124 \
+    --hash=sha256:aa6ac98bdfd716a749b84d4034486863fd81c3abde9aa3cf8eff9127981a4ae4 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab0c7e7901a00bc0a7284907273dc165b32e0d109a6713babd04471327ff7986 \
+    --hash=sha256:ac8d61d4343b799d1e526db579833d72f23759c71e07181c2d2944e429eb09cd \
+    --hash=sha256:ad0c8917dd42a819fe77e6bdfcb84e3379c0de956469301d9fd36427a1ca501f \
+    --hash=sha256:ae9e21c84035c490506c17002f5c8ab25f980205c3e61ddb3a2a2a2e6c411fcb \
+    --hash=sha256:b26b0f4428b871a751968285a1ac9648944cea09807177ac639b030bddebcea4 \
+    --hash=sha256:b568183cf65b94919be4438dc28416b234b678c608cafac8874dfeeb2a9bbe13 \
+    --hash=sha256:b6997d360a4e6a4e936c0f9625b1c20416b8a0ea18a8e19cabbefc712e7397ab \
+    --hash=sha256:b8bddc5b73c9720bea487b3bffdb1840fe4e3656fba3bd40aa1489e9f37877ff \
+    --hash=sha256:c04c5e06ec3e022cbfe2cd4a846e1d4e50087444f875ff6d2c2ad8445495cf1a \
+    --hash=sha256:c2e47408e8ce1c6f1ceea0dffcdf6ebb85cc09e55c7af407c99f1112016e45e9 \
+    --hash=sha256:c56692189a7d1c7606cb794be0a8381470d95c57ce5be03fb3d0ef57c7853b86 \
+    --hash=sha256:ccd21bb86944ca9be6d967cf7691e658e43417782bce90b5d2faeda0ff78a7dd \
+    --hash=sha256:cd6f9e2bbd46321ba3bbb4c8a15794d32960e3b0ae2cc4d49a1a53d314805d71 \
+    --hash=sha256:d248d8c23c67d2291ffd47af766e2a3aa9fa1c6703155c099feb11f526c63a92 \
+    --hash=sha256:d3a62fa76a32b462a97198e4c9e99afb9ab375115e74e9a83ce180e7a496f643 \
+    --hash=sha256:e26e72bec7ab387ac80caa7496e0f908ff954f31065b0ffc1f8ecb1338b11b54 \
+    --hash=sha256:e3cb43ce200f59483eb82949bf1835a99cf43d7571e900d7c8d5c62cdf25d2f9
+    # via sqlalchemy
+grpc-google-iam-v1==0.14.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:7a7f697e017a067206a3dfef44e4c634a34d3dee135fe7d7a4613fe3e59217e6 \
+    --hash=sha256:879ac4ef33136c5491a6300e27575a9ec760f6cdf9a2518798c1b8977a5dc389
     # via google-cloud-spanner
 grpc-interceptor==0.15.4 \
     --hash=sha256:0035f33228693ed3767ee49d937bac424318db173fef4d2d0170b3215f254d9d \
     --hash=sha256:1f45c0bcb58b6f332f37c637632247c9b02bc6af0fdceb7ba7ce8d2ebbfb0926
     # via google-cloud-spanner
-grpcio==1.71.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:0ab8b2864396663a5b0b0d6d79495657ae85fa37dcb6498a2669d067c65c11ea \
-    --hash=sha256:0fa05ee31a20456b13ae49ad2e5d585265f71dd19fbd9ef983c28f926d45d0a7 \
-    --hash=sha256:0ff35c8d807c1c7531d3002be03221ff9ae15712b53ab46e2a0b4bb271f38537 \
-    --hash=sha256:1be857615e26a86d7363e8a163fade914595c81fec962b3d514a4b1e8760467b \
-    --hash=sha256:20e8f653abd5ec606be69540f57289274c9ca503ed38388481e98fa396ed0b41 \
-    --hash=sha256:22c3bc8d488c039a199f7a003a38cb7635db6656fa96437a8accde8322ce2366 \
-    --hash=sha256:24e867651fc67717b6f896d5f0cac0ec863a8b5fb7d6441c2ab428f52c651c6b \
-    --hash=sha256:2b85f7820475ad3edec209d3d89a7909ada16caab05d3f2e08a7e8ae3200a55c \
-    --hash=sha256:39983a9245d37394fd59de71e88c4b295eb510a3555e0a847d9965088cdbd033 \
-    --hash=sha256:3d081e859fb1ebe176de33fc3adb26c7d46b8812f906042705346b314bde32c3 \
-    --hash=sha256:469f42a0b410883185eab4689060a20488a1a0a00f8bbb3cbc1061197b4c5a79 \
-    --hash=sha256:47be9584729534660416f6d2a3108aaeac1122f6b5bdbf9fd823e11fe6fbaa29 \
-    --hash=sha256:4be74ddeeb92cc87190e0e376dbc8fc7736dbb6d3d454f2fa1f5be1dee26b9d7 \
-    --hash=sha256:4dd0dfbe4d5eb1fcfec9490ca13f82b089a309dc3678e2edabc144051270a66e \
-    --hash=sha256:5b08d03ace7aca7b2fadd4baf291139b4a5f058805a8327bfe9aece7253b6d67 \
-    --hash=sha256:63e41b91032f298b3e973b3fa4093cbbc620c875e2da7b93e249d4728b54559a \
-    --hash=sha256:652350609332de6dac4ece254e5d7e1ff834e203d6afb769601f286886f6f3a8 \
-    --hash=sha256:693bc706c031aeb848849b9d1c6b63ae6bcc64057984bb91a542332b75aa4c3d \
-    --hash=sha256:74258dce215cb1995083daa17b379a1a5a87d275387b7ffe137f1d5131e2cfbb \
-    --hash=sha256:789d5e2a3a15419374b7b45cd680b1e83bbc1e52b9086e49308e2c0b5bbae6e3 \
-    --hash=sha256:7c9c80ac6091c916db81131d50926a93ab162a7e97e4428ffc186b6e80d6dda4 \
-    --hash=sha256:7d6ac9481d9d0d129224f6d5934d5832c4b1cddb96b59e7eba8416868909786a \
-    --hash=sha256:85da336e3649a3d2171e82f696b5cad2c6231fdd5bad52616476235681bee5b3 \
-    --hash=sha256:8700a2a57771cc43ea295296330daaddc0d93c088f0a35cc969292b6db959bf3 \
-    --hash=sha256:8997d6785e93308f277884ee6899ba63baafa0dfb4729748200fcc537858a509 \
-    --hash=sha256:9182e0063112e55e74ee7584769ec5a0b4f18252c35787f48738627e23a62b97 \
-    --hash=sha256:9b91879d6da1605811ebc60d21ab6a7e4bae6c35f6b63a061d61eb818c8168f6 \
-    --hash=sha256:a2242d6950dc892afdf9e951ed7ff89473aaf744b7d5727ad56bdaace363722b \
-    --hash=sha256:a371e6b6a5379d3692cc4ea1cb92754d2a47bdddeee755d3203d1f84ae08e03e \
-    --hash=sha256:a76d39b5fafd79ed604c4be0a869ec3581a172a707e2a8d7a4858cb05a5a7637 \
-    --hash=sha256:ad9f30838550695b5eb302add33f21f7301b882937460dd24f24b3cc5a95067a \
-    --hash=sha256:b2266862c5ad664a380fbbcdbdb8289d71464c42a8c29053820ee78ba0119e5d \
-    --hash=sha256:b78a99cd1ece4be92ab7c07765a0b038194ded2e0a26fd654591ee136088d8d7 \
-    --hash=sha256:c200cb6f2393468142eb50ab19613229dcc7829b5ccee8b658a36005f6669fdd \
-    --hash=sha256:c30f393f9d5ff00a71bb56de4aa75b8fe91b161aeb61d39528db6b768d7eac69 \
-    --hash=sha256:c6a0a28450c16809f94e0b5bfe52cabff63e7e4b97b44123ebf77f448534d07d \
-    --hash=sha256:cebc1b34ba40a312ab480ccdb396ff3c529377a2fce72c45a741f7215bfe8379 \
-    --hash=sha256:d2c170247315f2d7e5798a22358e982ad6eeb68fa20cf7a820bb74c11f0736e7 \
-    --hash=sha256:d35a95f05a8a2cbe8e02be137740138b3b2ea5f80bd004444e4f9a1ffc511e32 \
-    --hash=sha256:d5170929109450a2c031cfe87d6716f2fae39695ad5335d9106ae88cc32dc84c \
-    --hash=sha256:d6aa986318c36508dc1d5001a3ff169a15b99b9f96ef5e98e13522c506b37eef \
-    --hash=sha256:d6de81c9c00c8a23047136b11794b3584cdc1460ed7cbc10eada50614baa1444 \
-    --hash=sha256:dc1a1231ed23caac1de9f943d031f1bc38d0f69d2a3b243ea0d664fc1fbd7fec \
-    --hash=sha256:e6beeea5566092c5e3c4896c6d1d307fb46b1d4bdf3e70c8340b190a69198594 \
-    --hash=sha256:e6d8de076528f7c43a2f576bc311799f89d795aa6c9b637377cc2b1616473804 \
-    --hash=sha256:e6f83a583ed0a5b08c5bc7a3fe860bb3c2eac1f03f1f63e0bc2091325605d2b7 \
-    --hash=sha256:f250ff44843d9a0615e350c77f890082102a0318d66a99540f54769c8766ab73 \
-    --hash=sha256:f71574afdf944e6652203cd1badcda195b2a27d9c83e6d88dc1ce3cfb73b31a5 \
-    --hash=sha256:f903017db76bf9cc2b2d8bdd37bf04b505bbccad6be8a81e1542206875d0e9db \
-    --hash=sha256:f9a412f55bb6e8f3bb000e020dbc1e709627dcb3a56f6431fa7076b4c1aab0db \
-    --hash=sha256:f9c30c464cb2ddfbc2ddf9400287701270fdc0f14be5f08a1e3939f1e749b455
+grpcio==1.75.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:0049a7bf547dafaeeb1db17079ce79596c298bfe308fc084d023c8907a845b9a \
+    --hash=sha256:030a6164bc2ca726052778c0cf8e3249617a34e368354f9e6107c27ad4af8c28 \
+    --hash=sha256:06373a94fd16ec287116a825161dca179a0402d0c60674ceeec8c9fba344fe66 \
+    --hash=sha256:07a554fa31c668cf0e7a188678ceeca3cb8fead29bbe455352e712ec33ca701c \
+    --hash=sha256:0ee119f4f88d9f75414217823d21d75bfe0e6ed40135b0cbbfc6376bc9f7757d \
+    --hash=sha256:1712b5890b22547dd29f3215c5788d8fc759ce6dd0b85a6ba6e2731f2d04c088 \
+    --hash=sha256:259526a7159d39e2db40d566fe3e8f8e034d0fb2db5bf9c00e09aace655a4c2b \
+    --hash=sha256:2720c239c1180eee69f7883c1d4c83fc1a495a2535b5fa322887c70bf02b16e8 \
+    --hash=sha256:3652516048bf4c314ce12be37423c79829f46efffb390ad64149a10c6071e8de \
+    --hash=sha256:36990d629c3c9fb41e546414e5af52d0a7af37ce7113d9682c46d7e2919e4cca \
+    --hash=sha256:3bed22e750d91d53d9e31e0af35a7b0b51367e974e14a4ff229db5b207647884 \
+    --hash=sha256:3d86880ecaeb5b2f0a8afa63824de93adb8ebe4e49d0e51442532f4e08add7d6 \
+    --hash=sha256:3e71a2105210366bfc398eef7f57a664df99194f3520edb88b9c3a7e46ee0d64 \
+    --hash=sha256:3e81d89ece99b9ace23a6916880baca613c03a799925afb2857887efa8b1b3d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:4484f4b7287bdaa7a5b3980f3c7224c3c622669405d20f69549f5fb956ad0421 \
+    --hash=sha256:44b62345d8403975513af88da2f3d5cc76f73ca538ba46596f92a127c2aea945 \
+    --hash=sha256:491444c081a54dcd5e6ada57314321ae526377f498d4aa09d975c3241c5b9e1c \
+    --hash=sha256:4b4c678e7ed50f8ae8b8dbad15a865ee73ce12668b6aaf411bf3258b5bc3f970 \
+    --hash=sha256:4b7177a1cdb3c51b02b0c0a256b0a72fdab719600a693e0e9037949efffb200b \
+    --hash=sha256:4e1c28f51c1cf67eccdfc1065e8e866c9ed622f09773ca60947089c117f848a1 \
+    --hash=sha256:52015cf73eb5d76f6404e0ce0505a69b51fd1f35810b3a01233b34b10baafb41 \
+    --hash=sha256:5573f51e3f296a1bcf71e7a690c092845fb223072120f4bdb7a5b48e111def66 \
+    --hash=sha256:573855ca2e58e35032aff30bfbd1ee103fbcf4472e4b28d4010757700918e326 \
+    --hash=sha256:5a2acda37fc926ccc4547977ac3e56b1df48fe200de968e8c8421f6e3093df6c \
+    --hash=sha256:5b8ea230c7f77c0a1a3208a04a1eda164633fb0767b4cefd65a01079b65e5b1f \
+    --hash=sha256:5b8f381eadcd6ecaa143a21e9e80a26424c76a0a9b3d546febe6648f3a36a5ac \
+    --hash=sha256:5bf4001d3293e3414d0cf99ff9b1139106e57c3a66dfff0c5f60b2a6286ec133 \
+    --hash=sha256:5cebe13088b9254f6e615bcf1da9131d46cfa4e88039454aca9cb65f639bd3bc \
+    --hash=sha256:61c692fb05956b17dd6d1ab480f7f10ad0536dba3bc8fd4e3c7263dc244ed772 \
+    --hash=sha256:62ce42d9994446b307649cb2a23335fa8e927f7ab2cbf5fcb844d6acb4d85f9c \
+    --hash=sha256:664eecc3abe6d916fa6cf8dd6b778e62fb264a70f3430a3180995bf2da935446 \
+    --hash=sha256:67697efef5a98d46d5db7b1720fa4043536f8b8e5072a5d61cfca762f287e939 \
+    --hash=sha256:683cfc70be0c1383449097cba637317e4737a357cfc185d887fd984206380403 \
+    --hash=sha256:6a4996a2c8accc37976dc142d5991adf60733e223e5c9a2219e157dc6a8fd3a2 \
+    --hash=sha256:73577a93e692b3474b1bfe84285d098de36705dbd838bb4d6a056d326e4dc880 \
+    --hash=sha256:745c5fe6bf05df6a04bf2d11552c7d867a2690759e7ab6b05c318a772739bd75 \
+    --hash=sha256:7b888b33cd14085d86176b1628ad2fcbff94cfbbe7809465097aa0132e58b018 \
+    --hash=sha256:7d4fa6ccc3ec2e68a04f7b883d354d7fea22a34c44ce535a2f0c0049cf626ddf \
+    --hash=sha256:7e21400b037be29545704889e72e586c238e346dcb2d08d8a7288d16c883a9ec \
+    --hash=sha256:8679aa8a5b67976776d3c6b0521e99d1c34db8a312a12bcfd78a7085cb9b604e \
+    --hash=sha256:8775036efe4ad2085975531d221535329f5dac99b6c2a854a995456098f99546 \
+    --hash=sha256:8d04e101bba4b55cea9954e4aa71c24153ba6182481b487ff376da28d4ba46cf \
+    --hash=sha256:9f82ff474103e26351dacfe8d50214e7c9322960d8d07ba7fa1d05ff981c8b2d \
+    --hash=sha256:9fe51e4a1f896ea84ac750900eae34d9e9b896b5b1e4a30b02dc31ad29f36383 \
+    --hash=sha256:a8041d2f9e8a742aeae96f4b047ee44e73619f4f9d24565e84d5446c623673b6 \
+    --hash=sha256:aad1c774f4ebf0696a7f148a56d39a3432550612597331792528895258966dc0 \
+    --hash=sha256:b10ad908118d38c2453ade7ff790e5bce36580c3742919007a2a78e3a1e521ca \
+    --hash=sha256:b1e191c5c465fa777d4cafbaacf0c01e0d5278022082c0abbd2ee1d6454ed94d \
+    --hash=sha256:b1ea1bbe77ecbc1be00af2769f4ae4a88ce93be57a4f3eebd91087898ed749f9 \
+    --hash=sha256:bb658f703468d7fbb5dcc4037c65391b7dc34f808ac46ed9136c24fc5eeb041d \
+    --hash=sha256:c05da79068dd96723793bffc8d0e64c45f316248417515f28d22204d9dae51c7 \
+    --hash=sha256:c09fba33327c3ac11b5c33dbdd8218eef8990d78f83b1656d628831812a8c0fb \
+    --hash=sha256:c12121e509b9f8b0914d10054d24120237d19e870b1cd82acbb8a9b9ddd198a3 \
+    --hash=sha256:c32193fa08b2fbebf08fe08e84f8a0aad32d87c3ad42999c65e9449871b1c66e \
+    --hash=sha256:ce08d4e112d0d38487c2b631ec8723deac9bc404e9c7b1011426af50a79999e4 \
+    --hash=sha256:cf2e760978dcce7ff7d465cbc7e276c3157eedc4c27aa6de7b594c7a295d3d61 \
+    --hash=sha256:d6be2b5ee7bea656c954dcf6aa8093c6f0e6a3ef9945c99d99fcbfc88c5c0bfe \
+    --hash=sha256:e19e7dfa0d7ca7dea22be464339e18ac608fd75d88c56770c646cdabe54bc724 \
+    --hash=sha256:e5b425aee54cc5e3e3c58f00731e8a33f5567965d478d516d35ef99fd648ab68 \
+    --hash=sha256:f4b29b9aabe33fed5df0a85e5f13b09ff25e2c05bd5946d25270a8bd5682dac9 \
+    --hash=sha256:f86e92275710bea3000cb79feca1762dc0ad3b27830dd1a74e82ab321d4ee464
     # via
     #   google-api-core
     #   googleapis-common-protos
     #   grpc-google-iam-v1
     #   grpc-interceptor
     #   grpcio-status
-grpcio-status==1.71.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:11405fed67b68f406b3f3c7c5ae5104a79d2d309666d10d61b152e91d28fb968 \
-    --hash=sha256:843934ef8c09e3e858952887467f8256aac3910c55f077a359a65b2b3cde3e68
+grpcio-status==1.75.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:8162afa21833a2085c91089cc395ad880fac1378a1d60233d976649ed724cbf8 \
+    --hash=sha256:f681b301be26dcf7abf5c765d4a22e4098765e1a65cbdfa3efca384edf8e4e3c
     # via google-api-core
-idna==3.10 \
-    --hash=sha256:12f65c9b470abda6dc35cf8e63cc574b1c52b11df2c86030af0ac09b01b13ea9 \
-    --hash=sha256:946d195a0d259cbba61165e88e65941f16e9b36ea6ddb97f00452bae8b1287d3
+idna==3.11 \
+    --hash=sha256:771a87f49d9defaf64091e6e6fe9c18d4833f140bd19464795bc32d966ca37ea \
+    --hash=sha256:795dafcc9c04ed0c1fb032c2aa73654d8e8c5023a7df64a53f39190ada629902
     # via requests
-importlib-metadata==8.6.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:02a89390c1e15fdfdc0d7c6b25cb3e62650d0494005c97d6f148bf5b9787525e \
-    --hash=sha256:310b41d755445d74569f993ccfc22838295d9fe005425094fad953d7f15c8580
+importlib-metadata==8.7.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:49fef1ae6440c182052f407c8d34a68f72efc36db9ca90dc0113398f2fdde8bb \
+    --hash=sha256:5a1f80bf1daa489495071efbb095d75a634cf28a8bc299581244063b53176151
     # via opentelemetry-api
-Mako==1.3.9 \
-    --hash=sha256:95920acccb578427a9aa38e37a186b1e43156c87260d7ba18ca63aa4c7cbd3a1 \
-    --hash=sha256:b5d65ff3462870feec922dbccf38f6efb44e5714d7b593a656be86663d8600ac
+mako==1.3.10 \
+    --hash=sha256:99579a6f39583fa7e5630a28c3c1f440e4e97a414b80372649c0ce338da2ea28 \
+    --hash=sha256:baef24a52fc4fc514a0887ac600f9f1cff3d82c61d4d700a1fa84d597b88db59
     # via alembic
-markupsafe==3.0.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:0bff5e0ae4ef2e1ae4fdf2dfd5b76c75e5c2fa4132d05fc1b0dabcd20c7e28c4 \
-    --hash=sha256:0f4ca02bea9a23221c0182836703cbf8930c5e9454bacce27e767509fa286a30 \
-    --hash=sha256:1225beacc926f536dc82e45f8a4d68502949dc67eea90eab715dea3a21c1b5f0 \
-    --hash=sha256:131a3c7689c85f5ad20f9f6fb1b866f402c445b220c19fe4308c0b147ccd2ad9 \
-    --hash=sha256:15ab75ef81add55874e7ab7055e9c397312385bd9ced94920f2802310c930396 \
-    --hash=sha256:1a9d3f5f0901fdec14d8d2f66ef7d035f2157240a433441719ac9a3fba440b13 \
-    --hash=sha256:1c99d261bd2d5f6b59325c92c73df481e05e57f19837bdca8413b9eac4bd8028 \
-    --hash=sha256:1e084f686b92e5b83186b07e8a17fc09e38fff551f3602b249881fec658d3eca \
-    --hash=sha256:2181e67807fc2fa785d0592dc2d6206c019b9502410671cc905d132a92866557 \
-    --hash=sha256:2cb8438c3cbb25e220c2ab33bb226559e7afb3baec11c4f218ffa7308603c832 \
-    --hash=sha256:3169b1eefae027567d1ce6ee7cae382c57fe26e82775f460f0b2778beaad66c0 \
-    --hash=sha256:3809ede931876f5b2ec92eef964286840ed3540dadf803dd570c3b7e13141a3b \
-    --hash=sha256:38a9ef736c01fccdd6600705b09dc574584b89bea478200c5fbf112a6b0d5579 \
-    --hash=sha256:3d79d162e7be8f996986c064d1c7c817f6df3a77fe3d6859f6f9e7be4b8c213a \
-    --hash=sha256:444dcda765c8a838eaae23112db52f1efaf750daddb2d9ca300bcae1039adc5c \
-    --hash=sha256:48032821bbdf20f5799ff537c7ac3d1fba0ba032cfc06194faffa8cda8b560ff \
-    --hash=sha256:4aa4e5faecf353ed117801a068ebab7b7e09ffb6e1d5e412dc852e0da018126c \
-    --hash=sha256:52305740fe773d09cffb16f8ed0427942901f00adedac82ec8b67752f58a1b22 \
-    --hash=sha256:569511d3b58c8791ab4c2e1285575265991e6d8f8700c7be0e88f86cb0672094 \
-    --hash=sha256:57cb5a3cf367aeb1d316576250f65edec5bb3be939e9247ae594b4bcbc317dfb \
-    --hash=sha256:5b02fb34468b6aaa40dfc198d813a641e3a63b98c2b05a16b9f80b7ec314185e \
-    --hash=sha256:6381026f158fdb7c72a168278597a5e3a5222e83ea18f543112b2662a9b699c5 \
-    --hash=sha256:6af100e168aa82a50e186c82875a5893c5597a0c1ccdb0d8b40240b1f28b969a \
-    --hash=sha256:6c89876f41da747c8d3677a2b540fb32ef5715f97b66eeb0c6b66f5e3ef6f59d \
-    --hash=sha256:6e296a513ca3d94054c2c881cc913116e90fd030ad1c656b3869762b754f5f8a \
-    --hash=sha256:70a87b411535ccad5ef2f1df5136506a10775d267e197e4cf531ced10537bd6b \
-    --hash=sha256:7e94c425039cde14257288fd61dcfb01963e658efbc0ff54f5306b06054700f8 \
-    --hash=sha256:846ade7b71e3536c4e56b386c2a47adf5741d2d8b94ec9dc3e92e5e1ee1e2225 \
-    --hash=sha256:88416bd1e65dcea10bc7569faacb2c20ce071dd1f87539ca2ab364bf6231393c \
-    --hash=sha256:88b49a3b9ff31e19998750c38e030fc7bb937398b1f78cfa599aaef92d693144 \
-    --hash=sha256:8c4e8c3ce11e1f92f6536ff07154f9d49677ebaaafc32db9db4620bc11ed480f \
-    --hash=sha256:8e06879fc22a25ca47312fbe7c8264eb0b662f6db27cb2d3bbbc74b1df4b9b87 \
-    --hash=sha256:9025b4018f3a1314059769c7bf15441064b2207cb3f065e6ea1e7359cb46db9d \
-    --hash=sha256:93335ca3812df2f366e80509ae119189886b0f3c2b81325d39efdb84a1e2ae93 \
-    --hash=sha256:9778bd8ab0a994ebf6f84c2b949e65736d5575320a17ae8984a77fab08db94cf \
-    --hash=sha256:9e2d922824181480953426608b81967de705c3cef4d1af983af849d7bd619158 \
-    --hash=sha256:a123e330ef0853c6e822384873bef7507557d8e4a082961e1defa947aa59ba84 \
-    --hash=sha256:a904af0a6162c73e3edcb969eeeb53a63ceeb5d8cf642fade7d39e7963a22ddb \
-    --hash=sha256:ad10d3ded218f1039f11a75f8091880239651b52e9bb592ca27de44eed242a48 \
-    --hash=sha256:b424c77b206d63d500bcb69fa55ed8d0e6a3774056bdc4839fc9298a7edca171 \
-    --hash=sha256:b5a6b3ada725cea8a5e634536b1b01c30bcdcd7f9c6fff4151548d5bf6b3a36c \
-    --hash=sha256:ba8062ed2cf21c07a9e295d5b8a2a5ce678b913b45fdf68c32d95d6c1291e0b6 \
-    --hash=sha256:ba9527cdd4c926ed0760bc301f6728ef34d841f405abf9d4f959c478421e4efd \
-    --hash=sha256:bbcb445fa71794da8f178f0f6d66789a28d7319071af7a496d4d507ed566270d \
-    --hash=sha256:bcf3e58998965654fdaff38e58584d8937aa3096ab5354d493c77d1fdd66d7a1 \
-    --hash=sha256:c0ef13eaeee5b615fb07c9a7dadb38eac06a0608b41570d8ade51c56539e509d \
-    --hash=sha256:cabc348d87e913db6ab4aa100f01b08f481097838bdddf7c7a84b7575b7309ca \
-    --hash=sha256:cdb82a876c47801bb54a690c5ae105a46b392ac6099881cdfb9f6e95e4014c6a \
-    --hash=sha256:cfad01eed2c2e0c01fd0ecd2ef42c492f7f93902e39a42fc9ee1692961443a29 \
-    --hash=sha256:d16a81a06776313e817c951135cf7340a3e91e8c1ff2fac444cfd75fffa04afe \
-    --hash=sha256:d8213e09c917a951de9d09ecee036d5c7d36cb6cb7dbaece4c71a60d79fb9798 \
-    --hash=sha256:e07c3764494e3776c602c1e78e298937c3315ccc9043ead7e685b7f2b8d47b3c \
-    --hash=sha256:e17c96c14e19278594aa4841ec148115f9c7615a47382ecb6b82bd8fea3ab0c8 \
-    --hash=sha256:e444a31f8db13eb18ada366ab3cf45fd4b31e4db1236a4448f68778c1d1a5a2f \
-    --hash=sha256:e6a2a455bd412959b57a172ce6328d2dd1f01cb2135efda2e4576e8a23fa3b0f \
-    --hash=sha256:eaa0a10b7f72326f1372a713e73c3f739b524b3af41feb43e4921cb529f5929a \
-    --hash=sha256:eb7972a85c54febfb25b5c4b4f3af4dcc731994c7da0d8a0b4a6eb0640e1d178 \
-    --hash=sha256:ee55d3edf80167e48ea11a923c7386f4669df67d7994554387f84e7d8b0a2bf0 \
-    --hash=sha256:f3818cb119498c0678015754eba762e0d61e5b52d34c8b13d770f0719f7b1d79 \
-    --hash=sha256:f8b3d067f2e40fe93e1ccdd6b2e1d16c43140e76f02fb1319a05cf2b79d99430 \
-    --hash=sha256:fcabf5ff6eea076f859677f5f0b6b5c1a51e70a376b0579e0eadef8db48c6b50
+MarkupSafe==3.0.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:0303439a41979d9e74d18ff5e2dd8c43ed6c6001fd40e5bf2e43f7bd9bbc523f \
+    --hash=sha256:068f375c472b3e7acbe2d5318dea141359e6900156b5b2ba06a30b169086b91a \
+    --hash=sha256:0bf2a864d67e76e5c9a34dc26ec616a66b9888e25e7b9460e1c76d3293bd9dbf \
+    --hash=sha256:0db14f5dafddbb6d9208827849fad01f1a2609380add406671a26386cdf15a19 \
+    --hash=sha256:0eb9ff8191e8498cca014656ae6b8d61f39da5f95b488805da4bb029cccbfbaf \
+    --hash=sha256:0f4b68347f8c5eab4a13419215bdfd7f8c9b19f2b25520968adfad23eb0ce60c \
+    --hash=sha256:1085e7fbddd3be5f89cc898938f42c0b3c711fdcb37d75221de2666af647c175 \
+    --hash=sha256:116bb52f642a37c115f517494ea5feb03889e04df47eeff5b130b1808ce7c219 \
+    --hash=sha256:12c63dfb4a98206f045aa9563db46507995f7ef6d83b2f68eda65c307c6829eb \
+    --hash=sha256:133a43e73a802c5562be9bbcd03d090aa5a1fe899db609c29e8c8d815c5f6de6 \
+    --hash=sha256:1353ef0c1b138e1907ae78e2f6c63ff67501122006b0f9abad68fda5f4ffc6ab \
+    --hash=sha256:15d939a21d546304880945ca1ecb8a039db6b4dc49b2c5a400387cdae6a62e26 \
+    --hash=sha256:177b5253b2834fe3678cb4a5f0059808258584c559193998be2601324fdeafb1 \
+    --hash=sha256:1872df69a4de6aead3491198eaf13810b565bdbeec3ae2dc8780f14458ec73ce \
+    --hash=sha256:1b4b79e8ebf6b55351f0d91fe80f893b4743f104bff22e90697db1590e47a218 \
+    --hash=sha256:1b52b4fb9df4eb9ae465f8d0c228a00624de2334f216f178a995ccdcf82c4634 \
+    --hash=sha256:1ba88449deb3de88bd40044603fafffb7bc2b055d626a330323a9ed736661695 \
+    --hash=sha256:1cc7ea17a6824959616c525620e387f6dd30fec8cb44f649e31712db02123dad \
+    --hash=sha256:218551f6df4868a8d527e3062d0fb968682fe92054e89978594c28e642c43a73 \
+    --hash=sha256:26a5784ded40c9e318cfc2bdb30fe164bdb8665ded9cd64d500a34fb42067b1c \
+    --hash=sha256:2713baf880df847f2bece4230d4d094280f4e67b1e813eec43b4c0e144a34ffe \
+    --hash=sha256:2a15a08b17dd94c53a1da0438822d70ebcd13f8c3a95abe3a9ef9f11a94830aa \
+    --hash=sha256:2f981d352f04553a7171b8e44369f2af4055f888dfb147d55e42d29e29e74559 \
+    --hash=sha256:32001d6a8fc98c8cb5c947787c5d08b0a50663d139f1305bac5885d98d9b40fa \
+    --hash=sha256:3524b778fe5cfb3452a09d31e7b5adefeea8c5be1d43c4f810ba09f2ceb29d37 \
+    --hash=sha256:3537e01efc9d4dccdf77221fb1cb3b8e1a38d5428920e0657ce299b20324d758 \
+    --hash=sha256:35add3b638a5d900e807944a078b51922212fb3dedb01633a8defc4b01a3c85f \
+    --hash=sha256:38664109c14ffc9e7437e86b4dceb442b0096dfe3541d7864d9cbe1da4cf36c8 \
+    --hash=sha256:3a7e8ae81ae39e62a41ec302f972ba6ae23a5c5396c8e60113e9066ef893da0d \
+    --hash=sha256:3b562dd9e9ea93f13d53989d23a7e775fdfd1066c33494ff43f5418bc8c58a5c \
+    --hash=sha256:457a69a9577064c05a97c41f4e65148652db078a3a509039e64d3467b9e7ef97 \
+    --hash=sha256:4bd4cd07944443f5a265608cc6aab442e4f74dff8088b0dfc8238647b8f6ae9a \
+    --hash=sha256:4e885a3d1efa2eadc93c894a21770e4bc67899e3543680313b09f139e149ab19 \
+    --hash=sha256:4faffd047e07c38848ce017e8725090413cd80cbc23d86e55c587bf979e579c9 \
+    --hash=sha256:509fa21c6deb7a7a273d629cf5ec029bc209d1a51178615ddf718f5918992ab9 \
+    --hash=sha256:5678211cb9333a6468fb8d8be0305520aa073f50d17f089b5b4b477ea6e67fdc \
+    --hash=sha256:591ae9f2a647529ca990bc681daebdd52c8791ff06c2bfa05b65163e28102ef2 \
+    --hash=sha256:5a7d5dc5140555cf21a6fefbdbf8723f06fcd2f63ef108f2854de715e4422cb4 \
+    --hash=sha256:69c0b73548bc525c8cb9a251cddf1931d1db4d2258e9599c28c07ef3580ef354 \
+    --hash=sha256:6b5420a1d9450023228968e7e6a9ce57f65d148ab56d2313fcd589eee96a7a50 \
+    --hash=sha256:722695808f4b6457b320fdc131280796bdceb04ab50fe1795cd540799ebe1698 \
+    --hash=sha256:729586769a26dbceff69f7a7dbbf59ab6572b99d94576a5592625d5b411576b9 \
+    --hash=sha256:77f0643abe7495da77fb436f50f8dab76dbc6e5fd25d39589a0f1fe6548bfa2b \
+    --hash=sha256:795e7751525cae078558e679d646ae45574b47ed6e7771863fcc079a6171a0fc \
+    --hash=sha256:7be7b61bb172e1ed687f1754f8e7484f1c8019780f6f6b0786e76bb01c2ae115 \
+    --hash=sha256:7c3fb7d25180895632e5d3148dbdc29ea38ccb7fd210aa27acbd1201a1902c6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e68f88e5b8799aa49c85cd116c932a1ac15caaa3f5db09087854d218359e485 \
+    --hash=sha256:83891d0e9fb81a825d9a6d61e3f07550ca70a076484292a70fde82c4b807286f \
+    --hash=sha256:8485f406a96febb5140bfeca44a73e3ce5116b2501ac54fe953e488fb1d03b12 \
+    --hash=sha256:8709b08f4a89aa7586de0aadc8da56180242ee0ada3999749b183aa23df95025 \
+    --hash=sha256:8f71bc33915be5186016f675cd83a1e08523649b0e33efdb898db577ef5bb009 \
+    --hash=sha256:915c04ba3851909ce68ccc2b8e2cd691618c4dc4c4232fb7982bca3f41fd8c3d \
+    --hash=sha256:949b8d66bc381ee8b007cd945914c721d9aba8e27f71959d750a46f7c282b20b \
+    --hash=sha256:94c6f0bb423f739146aec64595853541634bde58b2135f27f61c1ffd1cd4d16a \
+    --hash=sha256:9a1abfdc021a164803f4d485104931fb8f8c1efd55bc6b748d2f5774e78b62c5 \
+    --hash=sha256:9b79b7a16f7fedff2495d684f2b59b0457c3b493778c9eed31111be64d58279f \
+    --hash=sha256:a320721ab5a1aba0a233739394eb907f8c8da5c98c9181d1161e77a0c8e36f2d \
+    --hash=sha256:a4afe79fb3de0b7097d81da19090f4df4f8d3a2b3adaa8764138aac2e44f3af1 \
+    --hash=sha256:ad2cf8aa28b8c020ab2fc8287b0f823d0a7d8630784c31e9ee5edea20f406287 \
+    --hash=sha256:b8512a91625c9b3da6f127803b166b629725e68af71f8184ae7e7d54686a56d6 \
+    --hash=sha256:bc51efed119bc9cfdf792cdeaa4d67e8f6fcccab66ed4bfdd6bde3e59bfcbb2f \
+    --hash=sha256:bdc919ead48f234740ad807933cdf545180bfbe9342c2bb451556db2ed958581 \
+    --hash=sha256:bdd37121970bfd8be76c5fb069c7751683bdf373db1ed6c010162b2a130248ed \
+    --hash=sha256:be8813b57049a7dc738189df53d69395eba14fb99345e0a5994914a3864c8a4b \
+    --hash=sha256:c0c0b3ade1c0b13b936d7970b1d37a57acde9199dc2aecc4c336773e1d86049c \
+    --hash=sha256:c47a551199eb8eb2121d4f0f15ae0f923d31350ab9280078d1e5f12b249e0026 \
+    --hash=sha256:c4ffb7ebf07cfe8931028e3e4c85f0357459a3f9f9490886198848f4fa002ec8 \
+    --hash=sha256:ccfcd093f13f0f0b7fdd0f198b90053bf7b2f02a3927a30e63f3ccc9df56b676 \
+    --hash=sha256:d2ee202e79d8ed691ceebae8e0486bd9a2cd4794cec4824e1c99b6f5009502f6 \
+    --hash=sha256:d53197da72cc091b024dd97249dfc7794d6a56530370992a5e1a08983ad9230e \
+    --hash=sha256:d6dd0be5b5b189d31db7cda48b91d7e0a9795f31430b7f271219ab30f1d3ac9d \
+    --hash=sha256:d88b440e37a16e651bda4c7c2b930eb586fd15ca7406cb39e211fcff3bf3017d \
+    --hash=sha256:de8a88e63464af587c950061a5e6a67d3632e36df62b986892331d4620a35c01 \
+    --hash=sha256:df2449253ef108a379b8b5d6b43f4b1a8e81a061d6537becd5582fba5f9196d7 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1c1493fb6e50ab01d20a22826e57520f1284df32f2d8601fdd90b6304601419 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1cf1972137e83c5d4c136c43ced9ac51d0e124706ee1c8aa8532c1287fa8795 \
+    --hash=sha256:e2103a929dfa2fcaf9bb4e7c091983a49c9ac3b19c9061b6d5427dd7d14d81a1 \
+    --hash=sha256:e56b7d45a839a697b5eb268c82a71bd8c7f6c94d6fd50c3d577fa39a9f1409f5 \
+    --hash=sha256:e8afc3f2ccfa24215f8cb28dcf43f0113ac3c37c2f0f0806d8c70e4228c5cf4d \
+    --hash=sha256:e8fc20152abba6b83724d7ff268c249fa196d8259ff481f3b1476383f8f24e42 \
+    --hash=sha256:eaa9599de571d72e2daf60164784109f19978b327a3910d3e9de8c97b5b70cfe \
+    --hash=sha256:ec15a59cf5af7be74194f7ab02d0f59a62bdcf1a537677ce67a2537c9b87fcda \
+    --hash=sha256:f190daf01f13c72eac4efd5c430a8de82489d9cff23c364c3ea822545032993e \
+    --hash=sha256:f34c41761022dd093b4b6896d4810782ffbabe30f2d443ff5f083e0cbbb8c737 \
+    --hash=sha256:f3e98bb3798ead92273dc0e5fd0f31ade220f59a266ffd8a4f6065e0a3ce0523 \
+    --hash=sha256:f42d0984e947b8adf7dd6dde396e720934d12c506ce84eea8476409563607591 \
+    --hash=sha256:f71a396b3bf33ecaa1626c255855702aca4d3d9fea5e051b41ac59a9c1c41edc \
+    --hash=sha256:f9e130248f4462aaa8e2552d547f36ddadbeaa573879158d721bbd33dfe4743a \
+    --hash=sha256:fed51ac40f757d41b7c48425901843666a6677e3e8eb0abcff09e4ba6e664f50
     # via mako
-opentelemetry-api==1.31.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:145b72c6c16977c005c568ec32f4946054ab793d8474a17fd884b0397582c5f2 \
-    --hash=sha256:d8da59e83e8e3993b4726e4c1023cd46f57c4d5a73142e239247e7d814309de1
+opentelemetry-api==1.40.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:159be641c0b04d11e9ecd576906462773eb97ae1b657730f0ecf64d32071569f \
+    --hash=sha256:82dd69331ae74b06f6a874704be0cfaa49a1650e1537d4a813b86ecef7d0ecf9
     # via
     #   -r requirements.in
     #   opentelemetry-instrumentation
@@ -312,17 +426,17 @@ opentelemetry-instrumentation==0.48b0 \
     --hash=sha256:94929685d906380743a71c3970f76b5f07476eea1834abd5dd9d17abfe23cc35 \
     --hash=sha256:a69750dc4ba6a5c3eb67986a337185a25b739966d80479befe37b546fc870b44
     # via -r requirements.in
-opentelemetry-sdk==1.31.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:452d7d5b3c1db2e5e4cb64abede0ddd20690cb244a559c73a59652fdf6726070 \
-    --hash=sha256:97c9a03865e69723725fb64fe04343a488c3e61e684eb804bd7d6da2215dfc60
+opentelemetry-sdk==1.40.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:18e9f5ec20d859d268c7cb3c5198c8d105d073714db3de50b593b8c1345a48f2 \
+    --hash=sha256:787d2154a71f4b3d81f20524a8ce061b7db667d24e46753f32a7bc48f1c1f3f1
     # via -r requirements.in
-opentelemetry-semantic-conventions==0.48b0 \
-    --hash=sha256:12d74983783b6878162208be57c9effcb89dc88691c64992d70bb89dc00daa1a \
-    --hash=sha256:a0de9f45c413a8669788a38569c7e0a11ce6ce97861a628cca785deecdc32a1f
+opentelemetry-semantic-conventions==0.55b1 \
+    --hash=sha256:5da81dfdf7d52e3d37f8fe88d5e771e191de924cfff5f550ab0b8f7b2409baed \
+    --hash=sha256:ef95b1f009159c28d7a7849f5cbc71c4c34c845bb514d66adfdf1b3fff3598b3
     # via opentelemetry-sdk
-packaging==24.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:09abb1bccd265c01f4a3aa3f7a7db064b36514d2cba19a2f694fe6150451a759 \
-    --hash=sha256:c228a6dc5e932d346bc5739379109d49e8853dd8223571c7c5b55260edc0b97f
+packaging==26.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:00243ae351a257117b6a241061796684b084ed1c516a08c48a3f7e147a9d80b4 \
+    --hash=sha256:b36f1fef9334a5588b4166f8bcd26a14e521f2b55e6b9de3aaa80d3ff7a37529
     # via
     #   -r requirements.in
     #   build
@@ -330,28 +444,25 @@ pep517==0.13.1 \
     --hash=sha256:1b2fa2ffd3938bb4beffe5d6146cbcb2bda996a5a4da9f31abffd8b24e07b317 \
     --hash=sha256:31b206f67165b3536dd577c5c3f1518e8fbaf38cbc57efff8369a392feff1721
     # via -r requirements.in
-pip-tools==7.4.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:4c690e5fbae2f21e87843e89c26191f0d9454f362d8acdbd695716493ec8b3a9 \
-    --hash=sha256:864826f5073864450e24dbeeb85ce3920cdfb09848a3d69ebf537b521f14bcc9
+pip-tools==7.5.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:3aac0c473240ae90db7213c033401f345b05197293ccbdd2704e52e7a783785e \
+    --hash=sha256:8fa364779ebc010cbfe17cb9de404457ac733e100840423f28f6955de7742d41
     # via -r requirements.in
-proto-plus==1.26.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:13285478c2dcf2abb829db158e1047e2f1e8d63a077d94263c2b88b043c75a66 \
-    --hash=sha256:21a515a4c4c0088a773899e23c7bbade3d18f9c66c73edd4c7ee3816bc96a012
+proto-plus==1.27.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:912a7460446625b792f6448bade9e55cd4e41e6ac10e27009ef71a7f317fa147 \
+    --hash=sha256:e4643061f3a4d0de092d62aa4ad09fa4756b2cbb89d4627f3985018216f9fefc
     # via
     #   google-api-core
     #   google-cloud-spanner
-protobuf==5.29.3 \
-    --hash=sha256:0a18ed4a24198528f2333802eb075e59dea9d679ab7a6c5efb017a59004d849f \
-    --hash=sha256:0eb32bfa5219fc8d4111803e9a690658aa2e6366384fd0851064b963b6d1f2a7 \
-    --hash=sha256:3ea51771449e1035f26069c4c7fd51fba990d07bc55ba80701c78f886bf9c888 \
-    --hash=sha256:5da0f41edaf117bde316404bad1a486cb4ededf8e4a54891296f648e8e076620 \
-    --hash=sha256:6ce8cc3389a20693bfde6c6562e03474c40851b44975c9b2bf6df7d8c4f864da \
-    --hash=sha256:84a57163a0ccef3f96e4b6a20516cedcf5bb3a95a657131c5c3ac62200d23252 \
-    --hash=sha256:a4fa6f80816a9a0678429e84973f2f98cbc218cca434abe8db2ad0bffc98503a \
-    --hash=sha256:a8434404bbf139aa9e1300dbf989667a83d42ddda9153d8ab76e0d5dcaca484e \
-    --hash=sha256:b89c115d877892a512f79a8114564fb435943b59067615894c3b13cd3e1fa107 \
-    --hash=sha256:c027e08a08be10b67c06bf2370b99c811c466398c357e615ca88c91c07f0910f \
-    --hash=sha256:daaf63f70f25e8689c072cfad4334ca0ac1d1e05a92fc15c54eb9cf23c3efd84
+protobuf==7.34.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:3871a3df67c710aaf7bb8d214cc997342e63ceebd940c8c7fc65c9b3d697591a \
+    --hash=sha256:4a72a8ec94e7a9f7ef7fe818ed26d073305f347f8b3b5ba31e22f81fd85fca02 \
+    --hash=sha256:8e329966799f2c271d5e05e236459fe1cbfdb8755aaa3b0914fa60947ddea408 \
+    --hash=sha256:964cf977e07f479c0697964e83deda72bcbc75c3badab506fb061b352d991b01 \
+    --hash=sha256:9d7a5005fb96f3c1e64f397f91500b0eb371b28da81296ae73a6b08a5b76cdd6 \
+    --hash=sha256:9f9079f1dde4e32342ecbd1c118d76367090d4aaa19da78230c38101c5b3dd40 \
+    --hash=sha256:e3b914dd77fa33fa06ab2baa97937746ab25695f389869afdf03e81f34e45dc7 \
+    --hash=sha256:f791ec509707a1d91bd02e07df157e75e4fb9fbdad12a81b7396201ec244e2e3
     # via
     #   google-api-core
     #   google-cloud-spanner
@@ -365,13 +476,13 @@ pyasn1==0.6.1 \
     # via
     #   pyasn1-modules
     #   rsa
-pyasn1-modules==0.4.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:49bfa96b45a292b711e986f222502c1c9a5e1f4e568fc30e2574a6c7d07838fd \
-    --hash=sha256:c28e2dbf9c06ad61c71a075c7e0f9fd0f1b0bb2d2ad4377f240d33ac2ab60a7c
+pyasn1-modules==0.4.2 \
+    --hash=sha256:29253a9207ce32b64c3ac6600edc75368f98473906e8fd1043bd6b5b1de2c14a \
+    --hash=sha256:677091de870a80aae844b1ca6134f54652fa2c8c5a52aa396440ac3106e941e6
     # via google-auth
-pyparsing==3.2.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:506ff4f4386c4cec0590ec19e6302d3aedb992fdc02c761e90416f158dacf8e1 \
-    --hash=sha256:61980854fd66de3a90028d679a954d5f2623e83144b5afe5ee86f43d762e5f0a
+pyparsing==3.3.2 \
+    --hash=sha256:850ba148bd908d7e2411587e247a1e4f0327839c40e2e5e6d05a007ecc69911d \
+    --hash=sha256:c777f4d763f140633dcb6d8a3eda953bf7a214dc4eff598413c070bcdc117cbc
     # via -r requirements.in
 pyproject-hooks==1.2.0 \
     --hash=sha256:1e859bd5c40fae9448642dd871adf459e5e2084186e8d2c2a79a824c970da1f8 \
@@ -379,57 +490,78 @@ pyproject-hooks==1.2.0 \
     # via
     #   build
     #   pip-tools
-requests==2.32.3 \
-    --hash=sha256:55365417734eb18255590a9ff9eb97e9e1da868d4ccd6402399eaf68af20a760 \
-    --hash=sha256:70761cfe03c773ceb22aa2f671b4757976145175cdfca038c02654d061d6dcc6
+requests==2.32.5 \
+    --hash=sha256:2462f94637a34fd532264295e186976db0f5d453d1cdd31473c85a6a161affb6 \
+    --hash=sha256:dbba0bac56e100853db0ea71b82b4dfd5fe2bf6d3754a8893c3af500cec7d7cf
     # via google-api-core
-rsa==4.9 \
-    --hash=sha256:90260d9058e514786967344d0ef75fa8727eed8a7d2e43ce9f4bcf1b536174f7 \
-    --hash=sha256:e38464a49c6c85d7f1351b0126661487a7e0a14a50f1675ec50eb34d4f20ef21
+rsa==4.9.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:68635866661c6836b8d39430f97a996acbd61bfa49406748ea243539fe239762 \
+    --hash=sha256:e7bdbfdb5497da4c07dfd35530e1a902659db6ff241e39d9953cad06ebd0ae75
     # via google-auth
-SQLAlchemy==2.0.39 \
-    --hash=sha256:018ee97c558b499b58935c5a152aeabf6d36b3d55d91656abeb6d93d663c0c4c \
-    --hash=sha256:01da15490c9df352fbc29859d3c7ba9cd1377791faeeb47c100832004c99472c \
-    --hash=sha256:04545042969833cb92e13b0a3019549d284fd2423f318b6ba10e7aa687690a3c \
-    --hash=sha256:08cf721bbd4391a0e765fe0fe8816e81d9f43cece54fdb5ac465c56efafecb3d \
-    --hash=sha256:23c5aa33c01bd898f879db158537d7e7568b503b15aad60ea0c8da8109adf3e7 \
-    --hash=sha256:2d7332868ce891eda48896131991f7f2be572d65b41a4050957242f8e935d5d7 \
-    --hash=sha256:2ed107331d188a286611cea9022de0afc437dd2d3c168e368169f27aa0f61338 \
-    --hash=sha256:34d5c49f18778a3665d707e6286545a30339ad545950773d43977e504815fa70 \
-    --hash=sha256:35e72518615aa5384ef4fae828e3af1b43102458b74a8c481f69af8abf7e802a \
-    --hash=sha256:3eb14ba1a9d07c88669b7faf8f589be67871d6409305e73e036321d89f1d904e \
-    --hash=sha256:412c6c126369ddae171c13987b38df5122cb92015cba6f9ee1193b867f3f1530 \
-    --hash=sha256:4600c7a659d381146e1160235918826c50c80994e07c5b26946a3e7ec6c99249 \
-    --hash=sha256:463ecfb907b256e94bfe7bcb31a6d8c7bc96eca7cbe39803e448a58bb9fcad02 \
-    --hash=sha256:4a06e6c8e31c98ddc770734c63903e39f1947c9e3e5e4bef515c5491b7737dde \
-    --hash=sha256:4b2de1523d46e7016afc7e42db239bd41f2163316935de7c84d0e19af7e69538 \
-    --hash=sha256:4dabd775fd66cf17f31f8625fc0e4cfc5765f7982f94dc09b9e5868182cb71c0 \
-    --hash=sha256:52607d0ebea43cf214e2ee84a6a76bc774176f97c5a774ce33277514875a718e \
-    --hash=sha256:5493a8120d6fc185f60e7254fc056a6742f1db68c0f849cfc9ab46163c21df47 \
-    --hash=sha256:5d2d1fe548def3267b4c70a8568f108d1fed7cbbeccb9cc166e05af2abc25c22 \
-    --hash=sha256:5dfbc543578058c340360f851ddcecd7a1e26b0d9b5b69259b526da9edfa8875 \
-    --hash=sha256:67de057fbcb04a066171bd9ee6bcb58738d89378ee3cabff0bffbf343ae1c787 \
-    --hash=sha256:6827f8c1b2f13f1420545bd6d5b3f9e0b85fe750388425be53d23c760dcf176b \
-    --hash=sha256:6b35e07f1d57b79b86a7de8ecdcefb78485dab9851b9638c2c793c50203b2ae8 \
-    --hash=sha256:7399d45b62d755e9ebba94eb89437f80512c08edde8c63716552a3aade61eb42 \
-    --hash=sha256:78f1b79132a69fe8bd6b5d91ef433c8eb40688ba782b26f8c9f3d2d9ca23626f \
-    --hash=sha256:79f4f502125a41b1b3b34449e747a6abfd52a709d539ea7769101696bdca6716 \
-    --hash=sha256:7a8517b6d4005facdbd7eb4e8cf54797dbca100a7df459fdaff4c5123265c1cd \
-    --hash=sha256:7bd5c5ee1448b6408734eaa29c0d820d061ae18cb17232ce37848376dcfa3e92 \
-    --hash=sha256:7f5243357e6da9a90c56282f64b50d29cba2ee1f745381174caacc50d501b109 \
-    --hash=sha256:871f55e478b5a648c08dd24af44345406d0e636ffe021d64c9b57a4a11518304 \
-    --hash=sha256:87a1ce1f5e5dc4b6f4e0aac34e7bb535cb23bd4f5d9c799ed1633b65c2bcad8c \
-    --hash=sha256:8a10ca7f8a1ea0fd5630f02feb055b0f5cdfcd07bb3715fc1b6f8cb72bf114e4 \
-    --hash=sha256:995c2bacdddcb640c2ca558e6760383dcdd68830160af92b5c6e6928ffd259b4 \
-    --hash=sha256:9f03143f8f851dd8de6b0c10784363712058f38209e926723c80654c1b40327a \
-    --hash=sha256:a1c6b0a5e3e326a466d809b651c63f278b1256146a377a528b6938a279da334f \
-    --hash=sha256:a28f9c238f1e143ff42ab3ba27990dfb964e5d413c0eb001b88794c5c4a528a9 \
-    --hash=sha256:bf555f3e25ac3a70c67807b2949bfe15f377a40df84b71ab2c58d8593a1e036e \
-    --hash=sha256:c457a38351fb6234781d054260c60e531047e4d07beca1889b558ff73dc2014b \
-    --hash=sha256:c4c433f78c2908ae352848f56589c02b982d0e741b7905228fad628999799de4 \
-    --hash=sha256:d9f119e7736967c0ea03aff91ac7d04555ee038caf89bb855d93bbd04ae85b41 \
-    --hash=sha256:f2bcb085faffcacf9319b1b1445a7e1cfdc6fb46c03f2dce7bc2d9a4b3c1cdc5 \
-    --hash=sha256:fe193d3ae297c423e0e567e240b4324d6b6c280a048e64c77a3ea6886cc2aa87
+SQLAlchemy==2.0.48 \
+    --hash=sha256:01f6bbd4308b23240cf7d3ef117557c8fd097ec9549d5d8a52977544e35b40ad \
+    --hash=sha256:07edba08061bc277bfdc772dd2a1a43978f5a45994dd3ede26391b405c15221e \
+    --hash=sha256:10853a53a4a00417a00913d270dddda75815fcb80675874285f41051c094d7dd \
+    --hash=sha256:1182437cb2d97988cfea04cf6cdc0b0bb9c74f4d56ec3d08b81e23d621a28cc6 \
+    --hash=sha256:144921da96c08feb9e2b052c5c5c1d0d151a292c6135623c6b2c041f2a45f9e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:1a89ce07ad2d4b8cfc30bd5889ec40613e028ed80ef47da7d9dd2ce969ad30e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:1b4c575df7368b3b13e0cebf01d4679f9a28ed2ae6c1cd0b1d5beffb6b2007dc \
+    --hash=sha256:1ccd42229aaac2df431562117ac7e667d702e8e44afdb6cf0e50fa3f18160f0b \
+    --hash=sha256:2645b7d8a738763b664a12a1542c89c940daa55196e8d73e55b169cc5c99f65f \
+    --hash=sha256:288937433bd44e3990e7da2402fabc44a3c6c25d3704da066b85b89a85474ae0 \
+    --hash=sha256:34634e196f620c7a61d18d5cf7dc841ca6daa7961aed75d532b7e58b309ac894 \
+    --hash=sha256:348174f228b99f33ca1f773e85510e08927620caa59ffe7803b37170df30332b \
+    --hash=sha256:36ac4ddc3d33e852da9cb00ffb08cea62ca05c39711dc67062ca2bb1fae35fd8 \
+    --hash=sha256:3713e21ea67bca727eecd4a24bf68bcd414c403faae4989442be60994301ded0 \
+    --hash=sha256:389b984139278f97757ea9b08993e7b9d1142912e046ab7d82b3fbaeb0209131 \
+    --hash=sha256:426c5ca86415d9b8945c7073597e10de9644802e2ff502b8e1f11a7a2642856b \
+    --hash=sha256:4599a95f9430ae0de82b52ff0d27304fe898c17cb5f4099f7438a51b9998ac77 \
+    --hash=sha256:49b7bddc1eebf011ea5ab722fdbe67a401caa34a350d278cc7733c0e88fecb1f \
+    --hash=sha256:53667b5f668991e279d21f94ccfa6e45b4e3f4500e7591ae59a8012d0f010dcb \
+    --hash=sha256:546572a1793cc35857a2ffa1fe0e58571af1779bcc1ffa7c9fb0839885ed69a9 \
+    --hash=sha256:583849c743e0e3c9bb7446f5b5addeacedc168d657a69b418063dfdb2d90081c \
+    --hash=sha256:5aee45fd2c6c0f2b9cdddf48c48535e7471e42d6fb81adfde801da0bd5b93241 \
+    --hash=sha256:5b193a7e29fd9fa56e502920dca47dffe60f97c863494946bd698c6058a55658 \
+    --hash=sha256:5ca74f37f3369b45e1f6b7b06afb182af1fd5dde009e4ffd831830d98cbe5fe7 \
+    --hash=sha256:68549c403f79a8e25984376480959975212a670405e3913830614432b5daa07a \
+    --hash=sha256:69f5bc24904d3bc3640961cddd2523e361257ef68585d6e364166dfbe8c78fae \
+    --hash=sha256:6bb85c546591569558571aa1b06aba711b26ae62f111e15e56136d69920e1616 \
+    --hash=sha256:6f7b7243850edd0b8b97043f04748f31de50cf426e939def5c16bedb540698f7 \
+    --hash=sha256:7001dc9d5f6bb4deb756d5928eaefe1930f6f4179da3924cbd95ee0e9f4dce89 \
+    --hash=sha256:7a936f1bb23d370b7c8cc079d5fce4c7d18da87a33c6744e51a93b0f9e97e9b3 \
+    --hash=sha256:7c998f2ace8bf76b453b75dbcca500d4f4b9dd3908c13e89b86289b37784848b \
+    --hash=sha256:7cddca31edf8b0653090cbb54562ca027c421c58ddde2c0685f49ff56a1690e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:8183dc57ae7d9edc1346e007e840a9f3d6aa7b7f165203a99e16f447150140d2 \
+    --hash=sha256:82745b03b4043e04600a6b665cb98697c4339b24e34d74b0a2ac0a2488b6f94d \
+    --hash=sha256:841a94c66577661c1f088ac958cd767d7c9bf507698f45afffe7a4017049de76 \
+    --hash=sha256:858e433f12b0e5b3ed2f8da917433b634f4937d0e8793e5cb33c54a1a01df565 \
+    --hash=sha256:908a3fa6908716f803b86896a09a2c4dde5f5ce2bb07aacc71ffebb57986ce99 \
+    --hash=sha256:9764014ef5e58aab76220c5664abb5d47d5bc858d9debf821e55cfdd0f128485 \
+    --hash=sha256:9c7d0a77e36b5f4b01ca398482230ab792061d243d715299b44a0b55c89fe617 \
+    --hash=sha256:a5b429eb84339f9f05e06083f119ad814e6d85e27ecbdf9c551dfdbb128eaf8a \
+    --hash=sha256:a66fe406437dd65cacd96a72689a3aaaecaebbcd62d81c5ac1c0fdbeac835096 \
+    --hash=sha256:a6b764fb312bd35e47797ad2e63f0d323792837a6ac785a4ca967019357d2bc7 \
+    --hash=sha256:b19151e76620a412c2ac1c6f977ab1b9fa7ad43140178345136456d5265b32ed \
+    --hash=sha256:b8438ec5594980d405251451c5b7ea9aa58dda38eb7ac35fb7e4c696712ee24f \
+    --hash=sha256:b8fc3454b4f3bd0a368001d0e968852dad45a873f8b4babd41bc302ec851a099 \
+    --hash=sha256:bcb8ebbf2e2c36cfe01a94f2438012c6a9d494cf80f129d9753bcdf33bfc35a6 \
+    --hash=sha256:d404dc897ce10e565d647795861762aa2d06ca3f4a728c5e9a835096c7059018 \
+    --hash=sha256:d612c976cbc2d17edfcc4c006874b764e85e990c29ce9bd411f926bbfb02b9a2 \
+    --hash=sha256:d64177f443594c8697369c10e4bbcac70ef558e0f7921a1de7e4a3d1734bcf67 \
+    --hash=sha256:d854b3970067297f3a7fbd7a4683587134aa9b3877ee15aa29eea478dc68f933 \
+    --hash=sha256:d8fcccbbc0c13c13702c471da398b8cd72ba740dca5859f148ae8e0e8e0d3e7e \
+    --hash=sha256:e004aa9248e8cb0a5f9b96d003ca7c1c0a5da8decd1066e7b53f59eb8ce7c62b \
+    --hash=sha256:e214d546c8ecb5fc22d6e6011746082abf13a9cf46eefb45769c7b31407c97b5 \
+    --hash=sha256:e2d0d88686e3d35a76f3e15a34e8c12d73fc94c1dea1cd55782e695cc14086dd \
+    --hash=sha256:e2f35b4cccd9ed286ad62e0a3c3ac21e06c02abc60e20aa51a3e305a30f5fa79 \
+    --hash=sha256:e3070c03701037aa418b55d36532ecb8f8446ed0135acb71c678dbdf12f5b6e4 \
+    --hash=sha256:e5e088bf43f6ee6fec7dbf1ef7ff7774a616c236b5c0cb3e00662dd71a56b571 \
+    --hash=sha256:e83e3f959aaa1c9df95c22c528096d94848a1bc819f5d0ebf7ee3df0ca63db6c \
+    --hash=sha256:f0dcbc588cd5b725162c076eb9119342f6579c7f7f55057bb7e3c6ff27e13121 \
+    --hash=sha256:f27f9da0a7d22b9f981108fd4b62f8b5743423388915a563e651c20d06c1f457 \
+    --hash=sha256:f8649a14caa5f8a243628b1d61cf530ad9ae4578814ba726816adb1121fc493e \
+    --hash=sha256:fac0fa4e4f55f118fd87177dacb1c6522fe39c28d498d259014020fec9164c29 \
+    --hash=sha256:fd08b90d211c086181caed76931ecfa2bdfc83eea3cfccdb0f82abc6c4b876cb
     # via
     #   -r requirements.in
     #   alembic
@@ -437,141 +569,158 @@ sqlparse==0.5.3 \
     --hash=sha256:09f67787f56a0b16ecdbde1bfc7f5d9c3371ca683cfeaa8e6ff60b4807ec9272 \
     --hash=sha256:cf2196ed3418f3ba5de6af7e82c694a9fbdbfecccdfc72e281548517081f16ca
     # via google-cloud-spanner
-tomli==2.2.1 \
-    --hash=sha256:023aa114dd824ade0100497eb2318602af309e5a55595f76b626d6d9f3b7b0a6 \
-    --hash=sha256:02abe224de6ae62c19f090f68da4e27b10af2b93213d36cf44e6e1c5abd19fdd \
-    --hash=sha256:286f0ca2ffeeb5b9bd4fcc8d6c330534323ec51b2f52da063b11c502da16f30c \
-    --hash=sha256:2d0f2fdd22b02c6d81637a3c95f8cd77f995846af7414c5c4b8d0545afa1bc4b \
-    --hash=sha256:33580bccab0338d00994d7f16f4c4ec25b776af3ffaac1ed74e0b3fc95e885a8 \
-    --hash=sha256:400e720fe168c0f8521520190686ef8ef033fb19fc493da09779e592861b78c6 \
-    --hash=sha256:40741994320b232529c802f8bc86da4e1aa9f413db394617b9a256ae0f9a7f77 \
-    --hash=sha256:465af0e0875402f1d226519c9904f37254b3045fc5084697cefb9bdde1ff99ff \
-    --hash=sha256:4a8f6e44de52d5e6c657c9fe83b562f5f4256d8ebbfe4ff922c495620a7f6cea \
-    --hash=sha256:4e340144ad7ae1533cb897d406382b4b6fede8890a03738ff1683af800d54192 \
-    --hash=sha256:678e4fa69e4575eb77d103de3df8a895e1591b48e740211bd1067378c69e8249 \
-    --hash=sha256:6972ca9c9cc9f0acaa56a8ca1ff51e7af152a9f87fb64623e31d5c83700080ee \
-    --hash=sha256:7fc04e92e1d624a4a63c76474610238576942d6b8950a2d7f908a340494e67e4 \
-    --hash=sha256:889f80ef92701b9dbb224e49ec87c645ce5df3fa2cc548664eb8a25e03127a98 \
-    --hash=sha256:8d57ca8095a641b8237d5b079147646153d22552f1c637fd3ba7f4b0b29167a8 \
-    --hash=sha256:8dd28b3e155b80f4d54beb40a441d366adcfe740969820caf156c019fb5c7ec4 \
-    --hash=sha256:9316dc65bed1684c9a98ee68759ceaed29d229e985297003e494aa825ebb0281 \
-    --hash=sha256:a198f10c4d1b1375d7687bc25294306e551bf1abfa4eace6650070a5c1ae2744 \
-    --hash=sha256:a38aa0308e754b0e3c67e344754dff64999ff9b513e691d0e786265c93583c69 \
-    --hash=sha256:a92ef1a44547e894e2a17d24e7557a5e85a9e1d0048b0b5e7541f76c5032cb13 \
-    --hash=sha256:ac065718db92ca818f8d6141b5f66369833d4a80a9d74435a268c52bdfa73140 \
-    --hash=sha256:b82ebccc8c8a36f2094e969560a1b836758481f3dc360ce9a3277c65f374285e \
-    --hash=sha256:c954d2250168d28797dd4e3ac5cf812a406cd5a92674ee4c8f123c889786aa8e \
-    --hash=sha256:cb55c73c5f4408779d0cf3eef9f762b9c9f147a77de7b258bef0a5628adc85cc \
-    --hash=sha256:cd45e1dc79c835ce60f7404ec8119f2eb06d38b1deba146f07ced3bbc44505ff \
-    --hash=sha256:d3f5614314d758649ab2ab3a62d4f2004c825922f9e370b29416484086b264ec \
-    --hash=sha256:d920f33822747519673ee656a4b6ac33e382eca9d331c87770faa3eef562aeb2 \
-    --hash=sha256:db2b95f9de79181805df90bedc5a5ab4c165e6ec3fe99f970d0e302f384ad222 \
-    --hash=sha256:e59e304978767a54663af13c07b3d1af22ddee3bb2fb0618ca1593e4f593a106 \
-    --hash=sha256:e85e99945e688e32d5a35c1ff38ed0b3f41f43fad8df0bdf79f72b2ba7bc5272 \
-    --hash=sha256:ece47d672db52ac607a3d9599a9d48dcb2f2f735c6c2d1f34130085bb12b112a \
-    --hash=sha256:f4039b9cbc3048b2416cc57ab3bda989a6fcf9b36cf8937f01a6e731b64f80d7
+tomli==2.4.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:0408e3de5ec77cc7f81960c362543cbbd91ef883e3138e81b729fc3eea5b9729 \
+    --hash=sha256:0dc56fef0e2c1c470aeac5b6ca8cc7b640bb93e92d9803ddaf9ea03e198f5b0b \
+    --hash=sha256:0e0fe8a0b8312acf3a88077a0802565cb09ee34107813bba1c7cd591fa6cfc8d \
+    --hash=sha256:0f2e3955efea4d1cfbcb87bc321e00dc08d2bcb737fd1d5e398af111d86db5df \
+    --hash=sha256:133e93646ec4300d651839d382d63edff11d8978be23da4cc106f5a18b7d0576 \
+    --hash=sha256:1b168f2731796b045128c45982d3a4874057626da0e2ef1fdd722848b741361d \
+    --hash=sha256:1c8a885b370751837c029ef9bc014f27d80840e48bac415f3412e6593bbc18c1 \
+    --hash=sha256:1f776e7d669ebceb01dee46484485f43a4048746235e683bcdffacdf1fb4785a \
+    --hash=sha256:1fb2945cbe303b1419e2706e711b7113da57b7db31ee378d08712d678a34e51e \
+    --hash=sha256:20cedb4ee43278bc4f2fee6cb50daec836959aadaf948db5172e776dd3d993fc \
+    --hash=sha256:20ffd184fb1df76a66e34bd1b36b4a4641bd2b82954befa32fe8163e79f1a702 \
+    --hash=sha256:26ab906a1eb794cd4e103691daa23d95c6919cc2fa9160000ac02370cc9dd3f6 \
+    --hash=sha256:2add28aacc7425117ff6364fe9e06a183bb0251b03f986df0e78e974047571fd \
+    --hash=sha256:2b1e3b80e1d5e52e40e9b924ec43d81570f0e7d09d11081b797bc4692765a3d4 \
+    --hash=sha256:31d556d079d72db7c584c0627ff3a24c5d3fb4f730221d3444f3efb1b2514776 \
+    --hash=sha256:36b9d05b51e65b254ea6c2585b59d2c4cb91c8a3d91d0ed0f17591a29aaea54a \
+    --hash=sha256:39b0b5d1b6dd03684b3fb276407ebed7090bbec989fa55838c98560c01113b66 \
+    --hash=sha256:3cf226acb51d8f1c394c1b310e0e0e61fecdd7adcb78d01e294ac297dd2e7f87 \
+    --hash=sha256:3d895d56bd3f82ddd6faaff993c275efc2ff38e52322ea264122d72729dca2b2 \
+    --hash=sha256:413540dce94673591859c4c6f794dfeaa845e98bf35d72ed59636f869ef9f86f \
+    --hash=sha256:43e685b9b2341681907759cf3a04e14d7104b3580f808cfde1dfdb60ada85475 \
+    --hash=sha256:4cbcb367d44a1f0c2be408758b43e1ffb5308abe0ea222897d6bfc8e8281ef2f \
+    --hash=sha256:551e321c6ba03b55676970b47cb1b73f14a0a4dce6a3e1a9458fd6d921d72e95 \
+    --hash=sha256:5572e41282d5268eb09a697c89a7bee84fae66511f87533a6f88bd2f7b652da9 \
+    --hash=sha256:5aa48d7c2356055feef06a43611fc401a07337d5b006be13a30f6c58f869e3c3 \
+    --hash=sha256:5b5807f3999fb66776dbce568cc9a828544244a8eb84b84b9bafc080c99597b9 \
+    --hash=sha256:5e3f639a7a8f10069d0e15408c0b96a2a828cfdec6fca05296ebcdcc28ca7c76 \
+    --hash=sha256:685306e2cc7da35be4ee914fd34ab801a6acacb061b6a7abca922aaf9ad368da \
+    --hash=sha256:75c2f8bbddf170e8effc98f5e9084a8751f8174ea6ccf4fca5398436e0320bc8 \
+    --hash=sha256:7b438885858efd5be02a9a133caf5812b8776ee0c969fea02c45e8e3f296ba51 \
+    --hash=sha256:7d49c66a7d5e56ac959cb6fc583aff0651094ec071ba9ad43df785abc2320d86 \
+    --hash=sha256:7d6d9a4aee98fac3eab4952ad1d73aee87359452d1c086b5ceb43ed02ddb16b8 \
+    --hash=sha256:84d081fbc252d1b6a982e1870660e7330fb8f90f676f6e78b052ad4e64714bf0 \
+    --hash=sha256:8768715ffc41f0008abe25d808c20c3d990f42b6e2e58305d5da280ae7d1fa3b \
+    --hash=sha256:920b1de295e72887bafa3ad9f7a792f811847d57ea6b1215154030cf131f16b1 \
+    --hash=sha256:9a08144fa4cba33db5255f9b74f0b89888622109bd2776148f2597447f92a94e \
+    --hash=sha256:a26d7ff68dfdb9f87a016ecfd1e1c2bacbe3108f4e0f8bcd2228ef9a766c787d \
+    --hash=sha256:aa89c3f6c277dd275d8e243ad24f3b5e701491a860d5121f2cdd399fbb31fc9c \
+    --hash=sha256:b5ef256a3fd497d4973c11bf142e9ed78b150d36f5773f1ca6088c230ffc5867 \
+    --hash=sha256:b6c78bdf37764092d369722d9946cb65b8767bfa4110f902a1b2542d8d173c8a \
+    --hash=sha256:bbb1b10aa643d973366dc2cb1ad94f99c1726a02343d43cbc011edbfac579e7c \
+    --hash=sha256:c084ad935abe686bd9c898e62a02a19abfc9760b5a79bc29644463eaf2840cb0 \
+    --hash=sha256:c73add4bb52a206fd0c0723432db123c0c75c280cbd67174dd9d2db228ebb1b4 \
+    --hash=sha256:cae9c19ed12d4e8f3ebf46d1a75090e4c0dc16271c5bce1c833ac168f08fb614 \
+    --hash=sha256:d20b797a5c1ad80c516e41bc1fb0443ddb5006e9aaa7bda2d71978346aeb9132 \
+    --hash=sha256:d3d1654e11d724760cdb37a3d7691f0be9db5fbdaef59c9f532aabf87006dbaa \
+    --hash=sha256:d878f2a6707cc9d53a1be1414bbb419e629c3d6e67f69230217bb663e76b5087
     # via -r requirements.in
-typing-extensions==4.12.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:04e5ca0351e0f3f85c6853954072df659d0d13fac324d0072316b67d7794700d \
-    --hash=sha256:1a7ead55c7e559dd4dee8856e3a88b41225abfe1ce8df57b7c13915fe121ffb8
+typing-extensions==4.15.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:0cea48d173cc12fa28ecabc3b837ea3cf6f38c6d1136f85cbaaf598984861466 \
+    --hash=sha256:f0fa19c6845758ab08074a0cfa8b7aecb71c999ca73d62883bc25cc018c4e548
     # via
     #   alembic
+    #   opentelemetry-api
     #   opentelemetry-sdk
+    #   opentelemetry-semantic-conventions
     #   sqlalchemy
-urllib3==2.3.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:1cee9ad369867bfdbbb48b7dd50374c0967a0bb7710050facf0dd6911440e3df \
-    --hash=sha256:f8c5449b3cf0861679ce7e0503c7b44b5ec981bec0d1d3795a07f1ba96f0204d
+urllib3==2.5.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:3fc47733c7e419d4bc3f6b3dc2b4f890bb743906a30d56ba4a5bfa4bbff92760 \
+    --hash=sha256:e6b01673c0fa6a13e374b50871808eb3bf7046c4b125b216f6bf1cc604cff0dc
     # via requests
 wheel==0.45.1 \
     --hash=sha256:661e1abd9198507b1409a20c02106d9670b2576e916d58f520316666abca6729 \
     --hash=sha256:708e7481cc80179af0e556bbf0cc00b8444c7321e2700b8d8580231d13017248
     # via pip-tools
-wrapt==1.17.2 \
-    --hash=sha256:08e7ce672e35efa54c5024936e559469436f8b8096253404faeb54d2a878416f \
-    --hash=sha256:0a6e821770cf99cc586d33833b2ff32faebdbe886bd6322395606cf55153246c \
-    --hash=sha256:0b929ac182f5ace000d459c59c2c9c33047e20e935f8e39371fa6e3b85d56f4a \
-    --hash=sha256:129a150f5c445165ff941fc02ee27df65940fcb8a22a61828b1853c98763a64b \
-    --hash=sha256:13e6afb7fe71fe7485a4550a8844cc9ffbe263c0f1a1eea569bc7091d4898555 \
-    --hash=sha256:1473400e5b2733e58b396a04eb7f35f541e1fb976d0c0724d0223dd607e0f74c \
-    --hash=sha256:18983c537e04d11cf027fbb60a1e8dfd5190e2b60cc27bc0808e653e7b218d1b \
-    --hash=sha256:1a7ed2d9d039bd41e889f6fb9364554052ca21ce823580f6a07c4ec245c1f5d6 \
-    --hash=sha256:1e1fe0e6ab7775fd842bc39e86f6dcfc4507ab0ffe206093e76d61cde37225c8 \
-    --hash=sha256:1fb5699e4464afe5c7e65fa51d4f99e0b2eadcc176e4aa33600a3df7801d6662 \
-    --hash=sha256:2696993ee1eebd20b8e4ee4356483c4cb696066ddc24bd70bcbb80fa56ff9061 \
-    --hash=sha256:35621ae4c00e056adb0009f8e86e28eb4a41a4bfa8f9bfa9fca7d343fe94f998 \
-    --hash=sha256:36ccae62f64235cf8ddb682073a60519426fdd4725524ae38874adf72b5f2aeb \
-    --hash=sha256:3cedbfa9c940fdad3e6e941db7138e26ce8aad38ab5fe9dcfadfed9db7a54e62 \
-    --hash=sha256:3d57c572081fed831ad2d26fd430d565b76aa277ed1d30ff4d40670b1c0dd984 \
-    --hash=sha256:3fc7cb4c1c744f8c05cd5f9438a3caa6ab94ce8344e952d7c45a8ed59dd88392 \
-    --hash=sha256:4011d137b9955791f9084749cba9a367c68d50ab8d11d64c50ba1688c9b457f2 \
-    --hash=sha256:40d615e4fe22f4ad3528448c193b218e077656ca9ccb22ce2cb20db730f8d306 \
-    --hash=sha256:410a92fefd2e0e10d26210e1dfb4a876ddaf8439ef60d6434f21ef8d87efc5b7 \
-    --hash=sha256:41388e9d4d1522446fe79d3213196bd9e3b301a336965b9e27ca2788ebd122f3 \
-    --hash=sha256:468090021f391fe0056ad3e807e3d9034e0fd01adcd3bdfba977b6fdf4213ea9 \
-    --hash=sha256:49703ce2ddc220df165bd2962f8e03b84c89fee2d65e1c24a7defff6f988f4d6 \
-    --hash=sha256:4a721d3c943dae44f8e243b380cb645a709ba5bd35d3ad27bc2ed947e9c68192 \
-    --hash=sha256:4afd5814270fdf6380616b321fd31435a462019d834f83c8611a0ce7484c7317 \
-    --hash=sha256:4c82b8785d98cdd9fed4cac84d765d234ed3251bd6afe34cb7ac523cb93e8b4f \
-    --hash=sha256:4db983e7bca53819efdbd64590ee96c9213894272c776966ca6306b73e4affda \
-    --hash=sha256:582530701bff1dec6779efa00c516496968edd851fba224fbd86e46cc6b73563 \
-    --hash=sha256:58455b79ec2661c3600e65c0a716955adc2410f7383755d537584b0de41b1d8a \
-    --hash=sha256:58705da316756681ad3c9c73fd15499aa4d8c69f9fd38dc8a35e06c12468582f \
-    --hash=sha256:5bb1d0dbf99411f3d871deb6faa9aabb9d4e744d67dcaaa05399af89d847a91d \
-    --hash=sha256:5c803c401ea1c1c18de70a06a6f79fcc9c5acfc79133e9869e730ad7f8ad8ef9 \
-    --hash=sha256:5cbabee4f083b6b4cd282f5b817a867cf0b1028c54d445b7ec7cfe6505057cf8 \
-    --hash=sha256:612dff5db80beef9e649c6d803a8d50c409082f1fedc9dbcdfde2983b2025b82 \
-    --hash=sha256:62c2caa1585c82b3f7a7ab56afef7b3602021d6da34fbc1cf234ff139fed3cd9 \
-    --hash=sha256:69606d7bb691b50a4240ce6b22ebb319c1cfb164e5f6569835058196e0f3a845 \
-    --hash=sha256:6d9187b01bebc3875bac9b087948a2bccefe464a7d8f627cf6e48b1bbae30f82 \
-    --hash=sha256:6ed6ffac43aecfe6d86ec5b74b06a5be33d5bb9243d055141e8cabb12aa08125 \
-    --hash=sha256:703919b1633412ab54bcf920ab388735832fdcb9f9a00ae49387f0fe67dad504 \
-    --hash=sha256:766d8bbefcb9e00c3ac3b000d9acc51f1b399513f44d77dfe0eb026ad7c9a19b \
-    --hash=sha256:80dd7db6a7cb57ffbc279c4394246414ec99537ae81ffd702443335a61dbf3a7 \
-    --hash=sha256:8112e52c5822fc4253f3901b676c55ddf288614dc7011634e2719718eaa187dc \
-    --hash=sha256:8c8b293cd65ad716d13d8dd3624e42e5a19cc2a2f1acc74b30c2c13f15cb61a6 \
-    --hash=sha256:8fdbdb757d5390f7c675e558fd3186d590973244fab0c5fe63d373ade3e99d40 \
-    --hash=sha256:91bd7d1773e64019f9288b7a5101f3ae50d3d8e6b1de7edee9c2ccc1d32f0c0a \
-    --hash=sha256:95c658736ec15602da0ed73f312d410117723914a5c91a14ee4cdd72f1d790b3 \
-    --hash=sha256:99039fa9e6306880572915728d7f6c24a86ec57b0a83f6b2491e1d8ab0235b9a \
-    --hash=sha256:9a2bce789a5ea90e51a02dfcc39e31b7f1e662bc3317979aa7e5538e3a034f72 \
-    --hash=sha256:9a7d15bbd2bc99e92e39f49a04653062ee6085c0e18b3b7512a4f2fe91f2d681 \
-    --hash=sha256:9abc77a4ce4c6f2a3168ff34b1da9b0f311a8f1cfd694ec96b0603dff1c79438 \
-    --hash=sha256:9e8659775f1adf02eb1e6f109751268e493c73716ca5761f8acb695e52a756ae \
-    --hash=sha256:9fee687dce376205d9a494e9c121e27183b2a3df18037f89d69bd7b35bcf59e2 \
-    --hash=sha256:a5aaeff38654462bc4b09023918b7f21790efb807f54c000a39d41d69cf552cb \
-    --hash=sha256:a604bf7a053f8362d27eb9fefd2097f82600b856d5abe996d623babd067b1ab5 \
-    --hash=sha256:abbb9e76177c35d4e8568e58650aa6926040d6a9f6f03435b7a522bf1c487f9a \
-    --hash=sha256:acc130bc0375999da18e3d19e5a86403667ac0c4042a094fefb7eec8ebac7cf3 \
-    --hash=sha256:b18f2d1533a71f069c7f82d524a52599053d4c7166e9dd374ae2136b7f40f7c8 \
-    --hash=sha256:b4e42a40a5e164cbfdb7b386c966a588b1047558a990981ace551ed7e12ca9c2 \
-    --hash=sha256:b5e251054542ae57ac7f3fba5d10bfff615b6c2fb09abeb37d2f1463f841ae22 \
-    --hash=sha256:b60fb58b90c6d63779cb0c0c54eeb38941bae3ecf7a73c764c52c88c2dcb9d72 \
-    --hash=sha256:b870b5df5b71d8c3359d21be8f0d6c485fa0ebdb6477dda51a1ea54a9b558061 \
-    --hash=sha256:ba0f0eb61ef00ea10e00eb53a9129501f52385c44853dbd6c4ad3f403603083f \
-    --hash=sha256:bb87745b2e6dc56361bfde481d5a378dc314b252a98d7dd19a651a3fa58f24a9 \
-    --hash=sha256:bb90fb8bda722a1b9d48ac1e6c38f923ea757b3baf8ebd0c82e09c5c1a0e7a04 \
-    --hash=sha256:bc570b5f14a79734437cb7b0500376b6b791153314986074486e0b0fa8d71d98 \
-    --hash=sha256:c86563182421896d73858e08e1db93afdd2b947a70064b813d515d66549e15f9 \
-    --hash=sha256:c958bcfd59bacc2d0249dcfe575e71da54f9dcf4a8bdf89c4cb9a68a1170d73f \
-    --hash=sha256:d18a4865f46b8579d44e4fe1e2bcbc6472ad83d98e22a26c963d46e4c125ef0b \
-    --hash=sha256:d5e2439eecc762cd85e7bd37161d4714aa03a33c5ba884e26c81559817ca0925 \
-    --hash=sha256:e3890b508a23299083e065f435a492b5435eba6e304a7114d2f919d400888cc6 \
-    --hash=sha256:e496a8ce2c256da1eb98bd15803a79bee00fc351f5dfb9ea82594a3f058309e0 \
-    --hash=sha256:e8b2816ebef96d83657b56306152a93909a83f23994f4b30ad4573b00bd11bb9 \
-    --hash=sha256:eaf675418ed6b3b31c7a989fd007fa7c3be66ce14e5c3b27336383604c9da85c \
-    --hash=sha256:ec89ed91f2fa8e3f52ae53cd3cf640d6feff92ba90d62236a81e4e563ac0e991 \
-    --hash=sha256:ecc840861360ba9d176d413a5489b9a0aff6d6303d7e733e2c4623cfa26904a6 \
-    --hash=sha256:f09b286faeff3c750a879d336fb6d8713206fc97af3adc14def0cdd349df6000 \
-    --hash=sha256:f393cda562f79828f38a819f4788641ac7c4085f30f1ce1a68672baa686482bb \
-    --hash=sha256:f917c1180fdb8623c2b75a99192f4025e412597c50b2ac870f156de8fb101119 \
-    --hash=sha256:fc78a84e2dfbc27afe4b2bd7c80c8db9bca75cc5b85df52bfe634596a1da846b \
-    --hash=sha256:ff04ef6eec3eee8a5efef2401495967a916feaa353643defcc03fc74fe213b58
-    # via
-    #   deprecated
-    #   opentelemetry-instrumentation
-zipp==3.21.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:2c9958f6430a2040341a52eb608ed6dd93ef4392e02ffe219417c1b28b5dd1f4 \
-    --hash=sha256:ac1bbe05fd2991f160ebce24ffbac5f6d11d83dc90891255885223d42b3cd931
+wrapt==1.17.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:02b551d101f31694fc785e58e0720ef7d9a10c4e62c1c9358ce6f63f23e30a56 \
+    --hash=sha256:042ec3bb8f319c147b1301f2393bc19dba6e176b7da446853406d041c36c7828 \
+    --hash=sha256:0610b46293c59a3adbae3dee552b648b984176f8562ee0dba099a56cfbe4df1f \
+    --hash=sha256:0b02e424deef65c9f7326d8c19220a2c9040c51dc165cddb732f16198c168396 \
+    --hash=sha256:0b1831115c97f0663cb77aa27d381237e73ad4f721391a9bfb2fe8bc25fa6e77 \
+    --hash=sha256:0ed61b7c2d49cee3c027372df5809a59d60cf1b6c2f81ee980a091f3afed6a2d \
+    --hash=sha256:0f5f51a6466667a5a356e6381d362d259125b57f059103dd9fdc8c0cf1d14139 \
+    --hash=sha256:16ecf15d6af39246fe33e507105d67e4b81d8f8d2c6598ff7e3ca1b8a37213f7 \
+    --hash=sha256:1f0b2f40cf341ee8cc1a97d51ff50dddb9fcc73241b9143ec74b30fc4f44f6cb \
+    --hash=sha256:1f23fa283f51c890eda8e34e4937079114c74b4c81d2b2f1f1d94948f5cc3d7f \
+    --hash=sha256:223db574bb38637e8230eb14b185565023ab624474df94d2af18f1cdb625216f \
+    --hash=sha256:249f88ed15503f6492a71f01442abddd73856a0032ae860de6d75ca62eed8067 \
+    --hash=sha256:24c2ed34dc222ed754247a2702b1e1e89fdbaa4016f324b4b8f1a802d4ffe87f \
+    --hash=sha256:273a736c4645e63ac582c60a56b0acb529ef07f78e08dc6bfadf6a46b19c0da7 \
+    --hash=sha256:281262213373b6d5e4bb4353bc36d1ba4084e6d6b5d242863721ef2bf2c2930b \
+    --hash=sha256:30ce38e66630599e1193798285706903110d4f057aab3168a34b7fdc85569afc \
+    --hash=sha256:33486899acd2d7d3066156b03465b949da3fd41a5da6e394ec49d271baefcf05 \
+    --hash=sha256:343e44b2a8e60e06a7e0d29c1671a0d9951f59174f3709962b5143f60a2a98bd \
+    --hash=sha256:373342dd05b1d07d752cecbec0c41817231f29f3a89aa8b8843f7b95992ed0c7 \
+    --hash=sha256:3af60380ba0b7b5aeb329bc4e402acd25bd877e98b3727b0135cb5c2efdaefe9 \
+    --hash=sha256:3e62d15d3cfa26e3d0788094de7b64efa75f3a53875cdbccdf78547aed547a81 \
+    --hash=sha256:41b1d2bc74c2cac6f9074df52b2efbef2b30bdfe5f40cb78f8ca22963bc62977 \
+    --hash=sha256:423ed5420ad5f5529db9ce89eac09c8a2f97da18eb1c870237e84c5a5c2d60aa \
+    --hash=sha256:46acc57b331e0b3bcb3e1ca3b421d65637915cfcd65eb783cb2f78a511193f9b \
+    --hash=sha256:4da9f45279fff3543c371d5ababc57a0384f70be244de7759c85a7f989cb4ebe \
+    --hash=sha256:507553480670cab08a800b9463bdb881b2edeed77dc677b0a5915e6106e91a58 \
+    --hash=sha256:53e5e39ff71b3fc484df8a522c933ea2b7cdd0d5d15ae82e5b23fde87d44cbd8 \
+    --hash=sha256:54a30837587c6ee3cd1a4d1c2ec5d24e77984d44e2f34547e2323ddb4e22eb77 \
+    --hash=sha256:5531d911795e3f935a9c23eb1c8c03c211661a5060aab167065896bbf62a5f85 \
+    --hash=sha256:55cbbc356c2842f39bcc553cf695932e8b30e30e797f961860afb308e6b1bb7c \
+    --hash=sha256:59923aa12d0157f6b82d686c3fd8e1166fa8cdfb3e17b42ce3b6147ff81528df \
+    --hash=sha256:5a03a38adec8066d5a37bea22f2ba6bbf39fcdefbe2d91419ab864c3fb515454 \
+    --hash=sha256:5a7b3c1ee8265eb4c8f1b7d29943f195c00673f5ab60c192eba2d4a7eae5f46a \
+    --hash=sha256:5d4478d72eb61c36e5b446e375bbc49ed002430d17cdec3cecb36993398e1a9e \
+    --hash=sha256:5ea5eb3c0c071862997d6f3e02af1d055f381b1d25b286b9d6644b79db77657c \
+    --hash=sha256:604d076c55e2fdd4c1c03d06dc1a31b95130010517b5019db15365ec4a405fc6 \
+    --hash=sha256:656873859b3b50eeebe6db8b1455e99d90c26ab058db8e427046dbc35c3140a5 \
+    --hash=sha256:65d1d00fbfb3ea5f20add88bbc0f815150dbbde3b026e6c24759466c8b5a9ef9 \
+    --hash=sha256:6b538e31eca1a7ea4605e44f81a48aa24c4632a277431a6ed3f328835901f4fd \
+    --hash=sha256:6fd1ad24dc235e4ab88cda009e19bf347aabb975e44fd5c2fb22a3f6e4141277 \
+    --hash=sha256:70d86fa5197b8947a2fa70260b48e400bf2ccacdcab97bb7de47e3d1e6312225 \
+    --hash=sha256:7171ae35d2c33d326ac19dd8facb1e82e5fd04ef8c6c0e394d7af55a55051c22 \
+    --hash=sha256:73d496de46cd2cdbdbcce4ae4bcdb4afb6a11234a1df9c085249d55166b95116 \
+    --hash=sha256:7425ac3c54430f5fc5e7b6f41d41e704db073309acfc09305816bc6a0b26bb16 \
+    --hash=sha256:74afa28374a3c3a11b3b5e5fca0ae03bef8450d6aa3ab3a1e2c30e3a75d023dc \
+    --hash=sha256:758895b01d546812d1f42204bd443b8c433c44d090248bf22689df673ccafe00 \
+    --hash=sha256:79573c24a46ce11aab457b472efd8d125e5a51da2d1d24387666cd85f54c05b2 \
+    --hash=sha256:7e18f01b0c3e4a07fe6dfdb00e29049ba17eadbc5e7609a2a3a4af83ab7d710a \
+    --hash=sha256:88547535b787a6c9ce4086917b6e1d291aa8ed914fdd3a838b3539dc95c12804 \
+    --hash=sha256:88bbae4d40d5a46142e70d58bf664a89b6b4befaea7b2ecc14e03cedb8e06c04 \
+    --hash=sha256:8cccf4f81371f257440c88faed6b74f1053eef90807b77e31ca057b2db74edb1 \
+    --hash=sha256:9baa544e6acc91130e926e8c802a17f3b16fbea0fd441b5a60f5cf2cc5c3deba \
+    --hash=sha256:a36692b8491d30a8c75f1dfee65bef119d6f39ea84ee04d9f9311f83c5ad9390 \
+    --hash=sha256:a47681378a0439215912ef542c45a783484d4dd82bac412b71e59cf9c0e1cea0 \
+    --hash=sha256:a7c06742645f914f26c7f1fa47b8bc4c91d222f76ee20116c43d5ef0912bba2d \
+    --hash=sha256:a9a2203361a6e6404f80b99234fe7fb37d1fc73487b5a78dc1aa5b97201e0f22 \
+    --hash=sha256:ab232e7fdb44cdfbf55fc3afa31bcdb0d8980b9b95c38b6405df2acb672af0e0 \
+    --hash=sha256:ad85e269fe54d506b240d2d7b9f5f2057c2aa9a2ea5b32c66f8902f768117ed2 \
+    --hash=sha256:af338aa93554be859173c39c85243970dc6a289fa907402289eeae7543e1ae18 \
+    --hash=sha256:afd964fd43b10c12213574db492cb8f73b2f0826c8df07a68288f8f19af2ebe6 \
+    --hash=sha256:b32888aad8b6e68f83a8fdccbf3165f5469702a7544472bdf41f582970ed3311 \
+    --hash=sha256:c31eebe420a9a5d2887b13000b043ff6ca27c452a9a22fa71f35f118e8d4bf89 \
+    --hash=sha256:caea3e9c79d5f0d2c6d9ab96111601797ea5da8e6d0723f77eabb0d4068d2b2f \
+    --hash=sha256:cf30f6e3c077c8e6a9a7809c94551203c8843e74ba0c960f4a98cd80d4665d39 \
+    --hash=sha256:d40770d7c0fd5cbed9d84b2c3f2e156431a12c9a37dc6284060fb4bec0b7ffd4 \
+    --hash=sha256:d8a210b158a34164de8bb68b0e7780041a903d7b00c87e906fb69928bf7890d5 \
+    --hash=sha256:dc4a8d2b25efb6681ecacad42fca8859f88092d8732b170de6a5dddd80a1c8fa \
+    --hash=sha256:df7d30371a2accfe4013e90445f6388c570f103d61019b6b7c57e0265250072a \
+    --hash=sha256:e01375f275f010fcbf7f643b4279896d04e571889b8a5b3f848423d91bf07050 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1a4120ae5705f673727d3253de3ed0e016f7cd78dc463db1b31e2463e1f3cf6 \
+    --hash=sha256:e228514a06843cae89621384cfe3a80418f3c04aadf8a3b14e46a7be704e4235 \
+    --hash=sha256:e405adefb53a435f01efa7ccdec012c016b5a1d3f35459990afc39b6be4d5056 \
+    --hash=sha256:e6b13af258d6a9ad602d57d889f83b9d5543acd471eee12eb51f5b01f8eb1bc2 \
+    --hash=sha256:e6f40a8aa5a92f150bdb3e1c44b7e98fb7113955b2e5394122fa5532fec4b418 \
+    --hash=sha256:e71d5c6ebac14875668a1e90baf2ea0ef5b7ac7918355850c0908ae82bcb297c \
+    --hash=sha256:ed7c635ae45cfbc1a7371f708727bf74690daedc49b4dba310590ca0bd28aa8a \
+    --hash=sha256:f38e60678850c42461d4202739f9bf1e3a737c7ad283638251e79cc49effb6b6 \
+    --hash=sha256:f66eb08feaa410fe4eebd17f2a2c8e2e46d3476e9f8c783daa8e09e0faa666d0 \
+    --hash=sha256:f9b2601381be482f70e5d1051a5965c25fb3625455a2bf520b5a077b22afb775 \
+    --hash=sha256:fbd3c8319de8e1dc79d346929cd71d523622da527cca14e0c1d257e31c2b8b10 \
+    --hash=sha256:fd341868a4b6714a5962c1af0bd44f7c404ef78720c7de4892901e540417111c
+    # via opentelemetry-instrumentation
+zipp==3.23.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:071652d6115ed432f5ce1d34c336c0adfd6a884660d1e9712a256d3d3bd4b14e \
+    --hash=sha256:a07157588a12518c9d4034df3fbbee09c814741a33ff63c05fa29d26a2404166
     # via importlib-metadata
 
 # WARNING: The following packages were not pinned, but pip requires them to be
diff --git a/samples/database_role_sample.py b/samples/database_role_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6edd8040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/database_role_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Singer
+
+
+# Shows how to set the database role for a connection.
+def database_role_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        # You can set the database role in the connect arguments.
+        connect_args={"database_role": "my_role"},
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        singer_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        singer = Singer(id=singer_id, first_name="John", last_name="Doe")
+        session.add(singer)
+        session.commit()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(database_role_sample)
diff --git a/samples/informational_fk_sample.py b/samples/informational_fk_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4e330dae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/informational_fk_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import datetime
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Singer, Concert, Venue, TicketSale
+
+
+# Shows how to create a non-enforced foreign key.
+#
+# The TicketSale model contains two foreign keys that are not enforced by Spanner.
+# This allows the related records to be deleted without the need to delete the
+# corresponding TicketSale record.
+#
+#     __table_args__ = (
+#         ForeignKeyConstraint(
+#             ["venue_code", "start_time", "singer_id"],
+#             ["concerts.venue_code", "concerts.start_time", "concerts.singer_id"],
+#             spanner_not_enforced=True,
+#         ),
+#     )
+#     singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), ForeignKey("singers.id", spanner_not_enforced=True))
+#
+# See https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/foreign-keys/overview#informational-foreign-keys
+# for more information on informational foreign key constrains.
+def informational_fk_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    # First create a singer, venue, concert and ticket_sale.
+    singer_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+    ticket_sale_id = None
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        singer = Singer(id=singer_id, first_name="John", last_name="Doe")
+        venue = Venue(code="CH", name="Concert Hall", active=True)
+        concert = Concert(
+            venue=venue,
+            start_time=datetime.datetime(2024, 11, 7, 19, 30, 0),
+            singer=singer,
+            title="John Doe - Live in Concert Hall",
+        )
+        ticket_sale = TicketSale(
+            concert=concert, customer_name="Alice Doe", seats=["A010", "A011", "A012"]
+        )
+        session.add_all([singer, venue, concert, ticket_sale])
+        session.commit()
+        ticket_sale_id = ticket_sale.id
+
+    # Now delete both the singer and concert that are referenced by the ticket_sale record.
+    # This is possible as the foreign key constraints between ticket_sales and singers/concerts
+    # are not enforced.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        session.delete(concert)
+        session.delete(singer)
+        session.commit()
+
+    # Verify that the ticket_sale record still exists, while the concert and singer have been
+    # deleted.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        ticket_sale = session.get(TicketSale, ticket_sale_id)
+        singer = session.get(Singer, singer_id)
+        concert = session.get(
+            Concert, ("CH", datetime.datetime(2024, 11, 7, 19, 30, 0), singer_id)
+        )
+        print(
+            "Ticket sale found: {}\nSinger found: {}\nConcert found: {}\n".format(
+                ticket_sale is not None, singer is not None, concert is not None
+            )
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(informational_fk_sample)
diff --git a/samples/insert_data_sample.py b/samples/insert_data_sample.py
index a415e621..c2e25ad2 100644
--- a/samples/insert_data_sample.py
+++ b/samples/insert_data_sample.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 from sample_helper import run_sample
 from model import Singer, Album, Track
 
+
 # Shows how to insert data using SQLAlchemy, including relationships that are
 # defined both as foreign keys and as interleaved tables.
 def insert_data():
diff --git a/samples/insert_or_ignore_sample.py b/samples/insert_or_ignore_sample.py
index 36fbd492..065bb059 100644
--- a/samples/insert_or_ignore_sample.py
+++ b/samples/insert_or_ignore_sample.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 from sample_helper import run_sample
 from model import Singer
 
+
 # Shows how to use insert-or-ignore using SQLAlchemy and Spanner.
 def insert_or_ignore_sample():
     engine = create_engine(
diff --git a/samples/insert_or_update_sample.py b/samples/insert_or_update_sample.py
index 9b23b24a..75c2f53b 100644
--- a/samples/insert_or_update_sample.py
+++ b/samples/insert_or_update_sample.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 from sample_helper import run_sample
 from model import Singer
 
+
 # Shows how to use insert-or-update using SQLAlchemy and Spanner.
 def insert_or_update_sample():
     engine = create_engine(
diff --git a/samples/insertmany_sample.py b/samples/insertmany_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..859bc158
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/insertmany_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+
+from datetime import datetime
+import uuid
+from sqlalchemy import text, String, create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Session
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+# To use SQLAlchemy 2.0's insertmany feature, models must have a
+# unique column marked as an "insert_sentinal" with client-side
+# generated values passed into it. This allows SQLAlchemy to perform a
+# single bulk insert, even if the table has columns with server-side
+# defaults which must be retrieved from a THEN RETURN clause, for
+# operations like:
+#
+# with Session.begin() as session:
+#     session.add(Singer(name="a"))
+#     session.add(Singer(name="b"))
+#
+# Read more in the SQLAlchemy documentation of this feature:
+# https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/core/connections.html#configuring-sentinel-columns
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers_with_sentinel"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(36),
+        primary_key=True,
+        # Supply a unique UUID client-side
+        default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        # The column is unique and can be used as an insert_sentinel
+        insert_sentinel=True,
+        # Set a server-side default for write outside SQLAlchemy
+        server_default=text("GENERATE_UUID()"),
+    )
+    name: Mapped[str]
+    inserted_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()")
+    )
+
+
+# Shows how to insert data using SQLAlchemy, including relationships that are
+# defined both as foreign keys and as interleaved tables.
+def insertmany():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    # Create the sample table.
+    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+
+    # Insert two singers in one session. These two singers will be inserted using
+    # a single INSERT statement with a THEN RETURN clause to return the generated
+    # creation timestamp.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        session.add(Singer(name="John Smith"))
+        session.add(Singer(name="Jane Smith"))
+        session.commit()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(insertmany)
diff --git a/samples/interleaved_table_sample.py b/samples/interleaved_table_sample.py
index 0d652159..2b009101 100644
--- a/samples/interleaved_table_sample.py
+++ b/samples/interleaved_table_sample.py
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 from sample_helper import run_sample
 from model import Singer, Album, Track
 
+
 # Shows how INTERLEAVE IN PARENT can be used in SQLAlchemy.
 # INTERLEAVE IN PARENT can be modelled as if it were a normal relationship
 # in SQLAlchemy. SQLAlchemy can also generate the correct DDL for this.
diff --git a/samples/isolation_level_sample.py b/samples/isolation_level_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ceb56643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/isolation_level_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Singer
+
+
+# Shows how to set the isolation level for a read/write transaction.
+# Spanner supports the following isolation levels:
+# - SERIALIZABLE (default)
+# - REPEATABLE READ
+def isolation_level_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        # You can set a default isolation level for an engine.
+        isolation_level="REPEATABLE READ",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    # You can override the default isolation level of the connection
+    # by setting it in the execution_options.
+    with Session(engine.execution_options(isolation_level="SERIALIZABLE")) as session:
+        singer_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        singer = Singer(id=singer_id, first_name="John", last_name="Doe")
+        session.add(singer)
+        session.commit()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(isolation_level_sample)
diff --git a/samples/model.py b/samples/model.py
index 65fc4a41..a8c86047 100644
--- a/samples/model.py
+++ b/samples/model.py
@@ -32,8 +32,12 @@
     Sequence,
     TextClause,
     Index,
+    PickleType,
+    text,
+    event,
 )
 from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner.sqlalchemy_spanner import SpannerPickleType
 
 
 class Base(DeclarativeBase):
@@ -64,6 +68,9 @@ class Singer(Base):
     )
     birthdate: Mapped[Optional[datetime.date]] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
     picture: Mapped[Optional[bytes]] = mapped_column(LargeBinary, nullable=True)
+    preferences: Mapped[Optional[object]] = mapped_column(
+        PickleType(impl=SpannerPickleType), nullable=True
+    )
     albums: Mapped[List["Album"]] = relationship(
         back_populates="singer", cascade="all, delete-orphan"
     )
@@ -88,11 +95,22 @@ class Album(Base):
 
 class Track(Base):
     __tablename__ = "tracks"
-    # This interleaves the table `tracks` in its parent `albums`.
-    __table_args__ = {
-        "spanner_interleave_in": "albums",
-        "spanner_interleave_on_delete_cascade": True,
-    }
+    __table_args__ = (
+        # Use the spanner_interleave_in argument to add an INTERLEAVED IN clause to the index.
+        # You can read additional details at:
+        # https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/secondary-indexes#indexes_and_interleaving
+        Index(
+            "idx_tracks_id_title",
+            "id",
+            "title",
+            spanner_interleave_in="albums",
+        ),
+        # This interleaves the table `tracks` in its parent `albums`.
+        {
+            "spanner_interleave_in": "albums",
+            "spanner_interleave_on_delete_cascade": True,
+        },
+    )
     id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True)
     track_number: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
     title: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(200), nullable=False)
@@ -147,7 +165,9 @@ class Concert(Base):
     title: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(200), nullable=False)
     singer: Mapped["Singer"] = relationship(back_populates="concerts")
     venue: Mapped["Venue"] = relationship(back_populates="concerts")
-    ticket_sales: Mapped[List["TicketSale"]] = relationship(back_populates="concert")
+    ticket_sales: Mapped[List["TicketSale"]] = relationship(
+        back_populates="concert", passive_deletes=True
+    )
 
 
 class TicketSale(Base):
@@ -156,6 +176,7 @@ class TicketSale(Base):
         ForeignKeyConstraint(
             ["venue_code", "start_time", "singer_id"],
             ["concerts.venue_code", "concerts.start_time", "concerts.singer_id"],
+            spanner_not_enforced=True,
         ),
     )
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
@@ -171,4 +192,28 @@ class TicketSale(Base):
     start_time: Mapped[Optional[datetime.datetime]] = mapped_column(
         DateTime, nullable=False
     )
-    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), ForeignKey("singers.id"))
+    # Create an informational foreign key that is not enforced by Spanner.
+    # See https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/foreign-keys/overview#informational-foreign-keys
+    # for more information.
+    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(36), ForeignKey("singers.id", spanner_not_enforced=True)
+    )
+    # Create a commit timestamp column and set a client-side default of
+    # PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP(). An event handler below is responsible for
+    # setting PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP() on updates. If using SQLAlchemy
+    # core rather than the ORM, callers will need to supply their own
+    # PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP() values in their inserts & updates.
+    #
+    # Columns that use PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP() cannot be included in a
+    # THEN RETURN clause.
+    last_update_time: Mapped[datetime.datetime] = mapped_column(
+        spanner_allow_commit_timestamp=True,
+        spanner_exclude_from_returning=True,
+        default=text("PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP()"),
+    )
+
+
+@event.listens_for(TicketSale, "before_update")
+def ticket_sale_before_update(mapper, connection, target):
+    """Updates the commit timestamp when the row is updated."""
+    target.last_update_time = text("PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP()")
diff --git a/samples/noxfile.py b/samples/noxfile.py
index 67c3fae5..29709cd1 100644
--- a/samples/noxfile.py
+++ b/samples/noxfile.py
@@ -62,6 +62,16 @@ def transaction(session):
     _sample(session)
 
 
+@nox.session()
+def tags(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
+@nox.session()
+def isolation_level(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
 @nox.session()
 def stale_read(session):
     _sample(session)
@@ -72,6 +82,26 @@ def read_only_transaction(session):
     _sample(session)
 
 
+@nox.session()
+def database_role(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
+@nox.session()
+def informational_fk(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
+@nox.session()
+def insertmany(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
+@nox.session()
+def parse_json(session):
+    _sample(session)
+
+
 @nox.session()
 def _all_samples(session):
     _sample(session)
diff --git a/samples/null_filtered_index.py b/samples/null_filtered_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8d9556f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/null_filtered_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Index
+from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column, DeclarativeBase, Mapped, Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+
+# Shows how to create a null-filtered index.
+#
+# A null-filtered index does not index NULL values. This is useful for
+# maintaining smaller indexes over sparse columns.
+# https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/secondary-indexes#null-indexing-disable
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers_with_null_filtered_index"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("uq_null_filtered_name", "name", unique=True, spanner_null_filtered=True),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()))
+    name: Mapped[str | None]
+
+
+def null_filtered_index_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+
+    # We can create singers with a name of jdoe and NULL.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        session.add(Singer(name="jdoe"))
+        session.add(Singer(name=None))
+        session.commit()
+
+    # The unique index will stop us from adding another jdoe.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        session.add(Singer(name="jdoe"))
+        try:
+            session.commit()
+        except IntegrityError:
+            session.rollback()
+
+    # The index is null filtered, so we can still add another
+    # NULL name. The NULL values are not part of the index.
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        session.add(Singer(name=None))
+        session.commit()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(null_filtered_index_sample)
diff --git a/samples/parse_json_sample.py b/samples/parse_json_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34488fa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/parse_json_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine, func, text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Venue
+
+
+# Shows how to use the PARSE_JSON function in Spanner using SQLAlchemy.
+def parse_json_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        venue = Venue(
+            code="LCH",
+            active=True,
+            name="Large Concert Hall",
+            # The SQLAlchemy func function is very lenient and allows you to call any
+            # database function that Spanner supports. Use a text instance to add a
+            # specific SQL fragment to the function call.
+            description=func.parse_json(
+                '{"type": "Stadium", "size": 13.7391432}',
+                text("wide_number_mode=>'round'"),
+            ),
+        )
+        session.add(venue)
+        session.commit()
+
+        venue = session.query(Venue).filter_by(code="LCH").one()
+        print(venue.description)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(parse_json_sample)
diff --git a/samples/partitioned_dml_sample.py b/samples/partitioned_dml_sample.py
index 62c312ff..e799a39d 100644
--- a/samples/partitioned_dml_sample.py
+++ b/samples/partitioned_dml_sample.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 from sample_helper import run_sample
 
+
 # Shows how to use Partitioned DML using SQLAlchemy and Spanner.
 def partitioned_dml_sample():
     engine = create_engine(
diff --git a/samples/pickle_type_sample.py b/samples/pickle_type_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3dce513
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/pickle_type_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Singer
+
+
+# Shows how to use PickleType with Spanner.
+def pickle_type():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    with Session(engine) as session:
+        singer = Singer(
+            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
+            first_name="John",
+            last_name="Smith",
+            # Preferences are stored as an opaque BYTES column
+            # in the database.
+            preferences={
+                "wakeup_call": "yes",
+                "vegetarian": "no",
+            },
+        )
+        session.add(singer)
+        session.commit()
+
+        # Use AUTOCOMMIT for sessions that only read. This is more
+        # efficient than using a read/write transaction to only read.
+        session.connection(execution_options={"isolation_level": "AUTOCOMMIT"})
+        print(
+            f"Inserted singer {singer.full_name} has these preferences: {singer.preferences}"
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(pickle_type)
diff --git a/samples/sample_helper.py b/samples/sample_helper.py
index 862d535d..f10268b2 100644
--- a/samples/sample_helper.py
+++ b/samples/sample_helper.py
@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@
 from typing import Callable
 
 from google.api_core.client_options import ClientOptions
+from google.api_core.exceptions import AlreadyExists
 from google.auth.credentials import AnonymousCredentials
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import Client
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1.database import Database
 from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import registry
 from testcontainers.core.container import DockerContainer
@@ -32,9 +34,15 @@ def run_sample(sample_method: Callable):
         "google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner.sqlalchemy_spanner",
         "SpannerDialect",
     )
-    os.environ["SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"] = ""
-    emulator, port = start_emulator()
-    os.environ["SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"] = "localhost:" + str(port)
+    emulator = None
+    if os.getenv("USE_EXISTING_EMULATOR") == "true":
+        if os.getenv("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST") is None:
+            os.environ["SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"] = "localhost:9010"
+            _create_instance_and_database("9010")
+    else:
+        os.environ["SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"] = ""
+        emulator, port = start_emulator()
+        os.environ["SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"] = "localhost:" + str(port)
     try:
         _create_tables()
         sample_method()
@@ -49,7 +57,7 @@ def start_emulator() -> (DockerContainer, str):
     ).with_exposed_ports(9010)
     emulator.start()
     wait_for_logs(emulator, "gRPC server listening at 0.0.0.0:9010")
-    port = emulator.get_exposed_port(9010)
+    port = str(emulator.get_exposed_port(9010))
     _create_instance_and_database(port)
     return emulator, port
 
@@ -68,10 +76,16 @@ def _create_instance_and_database(port: str):
     database_id = "sample-database"
 
     instance = client.instance(instance_id, instance_config)
-    created_op = instance.create()
-    created_op.result(1800)  # block until completion
+    try:
+        created_op = instance.create()
+        created_op.result(1800)  # block until completion
+    except AlreadyExists:
+        # Ignore
+        print("Using existing instance")
 
-    database = instance.database(database_id)
+    database: Database = instance.database(database_id)
+    if database.exists():
+        database.drop()
     created_op = database.create()
     created_op.result(1800)
 
diff --git a/samples/tags_sample.py b/samples/tags_sample.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a75bddd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/tags_sample.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from sample_helper import run_sample
+from model import Singer
+
+
+# Shows how to transaction tags and statement tags with Spanner and SQLAlchemy.
+def tags_sample():
+    engine = create_engine(
+        "spanner:///projects/sample-project/"
+        "instances/sample-instance/"
+        "databases/sample-database",
+        echo=True,
+    )
+    # Set a transaction_tag in the execution options for the session to set
+    # a transaction tag.
+    with Session(
+        engine.execution_options(transaction_tag="my_transaction_tag")
+    ) as session:
+        # The transaction that is automatically started by SQLAlchemy will use the
+        # transaction tag that is specified in the execution options.
+
+        # Execute a query with a request tag.
+        singer_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        singer = session.get(
+            Singer, singer_id, execution_options={"request_tag": "my_tag_1"}
+        )
+
+        # Add the singer if it was not found.
+        if singer is None:
+            # The session.Add(..) function does not support execution_options, but we can
+            # set the execution_options on the connection of this session. This will be
+            # propagated to the next statement that is executed on the connection.
+            session.connection().execution_options(request_tag="insert_singer")
+            singer = Singer(id=singer_id, first_name="John", last_name="Doe")
+            session.add(singer)
+        session.commit()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_sample(tags_sample)
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index d3d0f8c4..9da47231 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 
 import io
 import os
-import warnings
 
 import setuptools
 
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@
 description = "SQLAlchemy dialect integrated into Cloud Spanner database"
 dependencies = [
     "sqlalchemy>=1.1.13",
-    "google-cloud-spanner>=3.12.0",
+    "google-cloud-spanner>=3.55.0",
     "alembic",
 ]
 extras = {
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@
 }
 
 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
-VERSION_FILENAME = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "version.py")
+VERSION_FILENAME = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/version.py")
 PACKAGE_INFO = {}
 with open(VERSION_FILENAME) as f:
     exec(f.read(), PACKAGE_INFO)
@@ -56,31 +55,33 @@
     if package.startswith("google")
 ]
 
-# Determine which namespaces are needed.
-namespaces = ["google"]
-if "google.cloud" in packages:
-    namespaces.append("google.cloud")
-
-with warnings.catch_warnings():
-    warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
-    setuptools.setup(
-        author="Google LLC",
-        author_email="cloud-spanner-developers@googlegroups.com",
-        classifiers=["Intended Audience :: Developers"],
-        description=description,
-        long_description=readme,
-        entry_points={
-            "sqlalchemy.dialects": [
-                "spanner.spanner = google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner:SpannerDialect"
-            ]
-        },
-        install_requires=dependencies,
-        extras_require=extras,
-        name=name,
-        namespace_packages=namespaces,
-        packages=packages,
-        url="https://github.com/cloudspannerecosystem/python-spanner-sqlalchemy",
-        version=version,
-        include_package_data=True,
-        zip_safe=False,
-    )
+setuptools.setup(
+    author="Google LLC",
+    author_email="googleapis-packages@google.com",
+    license="Apache 2.0",
+    classifiers=[
+        "Intended Audience :: Developers",
+        "License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
+    ],
+    description=description,
+    long_description=readme,
+    entry_points={
+        "sqlalchemy.dialects": [
+            "spanner.spanner = google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner:SpannerDialect"
+        ]
+    },
+    install_requires=dependencies,
+    extras_require=extras,
+    name=name,
+    packages=packages,
+    url="https://github.com/cloudspannerecosystem/python-spanner-sqlalchemy",
+    version=version,
+    include_package_data=True,
+    zip_safe=False,
+)
diff --git a/test/conftest.py b/test/conftest.py
index 3b01359d..744995c9 100644
--- a/test/conftest.py
+++ b/test/conftest.py
@@ -15,11 +15,41 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import pytest
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import importlib
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1._opentelemetry_tracing as spanner_tracing
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 from sqlalchemy.dialects import registry
 from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
 from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Table
 from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import literal
 
+
+# Aggressively monkeypatch trace_call to avoid OpenTelemetry usage entirely.
+# This prevents warnings from OpenTelemetry, which would otherwise cause the
+# conformance tests to fail.
+@contextmanager
+def no_op_trace_call(*args, **kwargs):
+    yield MagicMock()
+
+
+# Patch the definition module
+spanner_tracing.trace_call = no_op_trace_call
+
+# Patch consumers
+modules_to_patch = [
+    "google.cloud.spanner_v1.snapshot",
+    "google.cloud.spanner_v1.transaction",
+    "google.cloud.spanner_v1.session",
+    "google.cloud.spanner_v1.database",
+]
+for module_name in modules_to_patch:
+    try:
+        module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
+        module.trace_call = no_op_trace_call
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
 registry.register("spanner", "google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner", "SpannerDialect")
 
 pytest.register_assert_rewrite("sqlalchemy.testing.assertions")
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/commit_timestamp_model.py b/test/mockserver_tests/commit_timestamp_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..28c58b86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/commit_timestamp_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str]
+    updated_at: Mapped[datetime.datetime] = mapped_column(
+        spanner_allow_commit_timestamp=True
+    )
diff --git a/google/__init__.py b/test/mockserver_tests/default_model.py
similarity index 57%
rename from google/__init__.py
rename to test/mockserver_tests/default_model.py
index e0bdef06..6a363c57 100644
--- a/google/__init__.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/default_model.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -12,11 +12,19 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-try:
-    import pkg_resources
+from sqlalchemy import func
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
 
-    pkg_resources.declare_namespace(__name__)
-except ImportError:
-    import pkgutil
 
-    __path__ = pkgutil.extend_path(__path__, __name__)
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        server_default=func.GENERATE_UUID(), primary_key=True
+    )
+    name: Mapped[str]
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/insertmany_model.py b/test/mockserver_tests/insertmany_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a196e142
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/insertmany_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from datetime import datetime
+import uuid
+from sqlalchemy import text, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class SingerUUID(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers_uuid"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        String(36),
+        primary_key=True,
+        server_default=text("GENERATE_UUID()"),
+        default=lambda: str(uuid.uuid4()),
+        insert_sentinel=True,
+    )
+    name: Mapped[str]
+    inserted_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()")
+    )
+
+
+class SingerIntID(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers_int_id"
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String)
+    inserted_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        server_default=text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()")
+    )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/interleaved_index.py b/test/mockserver_tests/interleaved_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e59b8e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/interleaved_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, Index, String
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+
+    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True)
+    first_name: Mapped[str]
+    last_name: Mapped[str]
+
+
+class Album(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "albums"
+    __table_args__ = {
+        "spanner_interleave_in": "singers",
+        "spanner_interleave_on_delete_cascade": True,
+    }
+
+    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        ForeignKey("singers.singer_id"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    album_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True)
+    album_title: Mapped[str]
+
+
+class Track(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "tracks"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index(
+            "idx_name",
+            "singer_id",
+            "album_id",
+            "song_name",
+            spanner_interleave_in="albums",
+        ),
+        {
+            "spanner_interleave_in": "albums",
+            "spanner_interleave_on_delete_cascade": True,
+        },
+    )
+
+    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        ForeignKey("singers.singer_id"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    album_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        ForeignKey("albums.album_id"), primary_key=True
+    )
+    track_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(36), primary_key=True)
+    song_name: Mapped[str]
+
+
+Album.__table__.add_is_dependent_on(Singer.__table__)
+Track.__table__.add_is_dependent_on(Album.__table__)
diff --git a/google/cloud/__init__.py b/test/mockserver_tests/isolation_level_model.py
similarity index 57%
rename from google/cloud/__init__.py
rename to test/mockserver_tests/isolation_level_model.py
index e0bdef06..9965dbf0 100644
--- a/google/cloud/__init__.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/isolation_level_model.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
 #
 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -12,11 +12,17 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-try:
-    import pkg_resources
+from sqlalchemy import String, BigInteger
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
 
-    pkg_resources.declare_namespace(__name__)
-except ImportError:
-    import pkgutil
 
-    __path__ = pkgutil.extend_path(__path__, __name__)
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(BigInteger, primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/mock_server_test_base.py b/test/mockserver_tests/mock_server_test_base.py
index a8fea819..6cdf9733 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/mock_server_test_base.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/mock_server_test_base.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
+import logging
 
 from google.cloud.spanner_dbapi.parsed_statement import AutocommitDmlMode
 from sqlalchemy import Engine, create_engine
@@ -22,7 +23,6 @@
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
     Client,
     ResultSet,
-    PingingPool,
     TypeCode,
 )
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1.database import Database
@@ -131,9 +131,12 @@ class MockServerTestBase(fixtures.TestBase):
     spanner_service: SpannerServicer = None
     database_admin_service: DatabaseAdminServicer = None
     port: int = None
+    logger: logging.Logger = None
 
     @classmethod
     def setup_class(cls):
+        MockServerTestBase.logger = logging.getLogger("level warning")
+        MockServerTestBase.logger.setLevel(logging.WARN)
         (
             MockServerTestBase.server,
             MockServerTestBase.spanner_service,
@@ -151,6 +154,7 @@ def setup_method(self):
         self._client = None
         self._instance = None
         self._database = None
+        _ = self.database
 
     def teardown_method(self):
         MockServerTestBase.spanner_service.clear_requests()
@@ -159,7 +163,7 @@ def teardown_method(self):
     def create_engine(self) -> Engine:
         return create_engine(
             "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": PingingPool(size=10)},
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger},
         )
 
     @property
@@ -177,13 +181,13 @@ def client(self) -> Client:
     @property
     def instance(self) -> Instance:
         if self._instance is None:
-            self._instance = self.client.instance("test-instance")
+            self._instance = self.client.instance("i")
         return self._instance
 
     @property
     def database(self) -> Database:
+        logger = logging.getLogger("level warning")
+        logger.setLevel(logging.WARN)
         if self._database is None:
-            self._database = self.instance.database(
-                "test-database", pool=PingingPool(size=10)
-            )
+            self._database = self.instance.database("d", logger=logger)
         return self._database
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/not_enforced_fk_model.py b/test/mockserver_tests/not_enforced_fk_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..36965f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/not_enforced_fk_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str]
+
+
+class Album(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "albums"
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str]
+    singer_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+        ForeignKey("singers.id", spanner_not_enforced=True)
+    )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/null_filtered_index.py b/test/mockserver_tests/null_filtered_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e4ca5d69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/null_filtered_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import Index
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped
+from sqlalchemy.orm import mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Singer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "singers"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("idx_name", "name"),
+        Index("idx_uq_name", "name", unique=True),
+        Index("idx_null_filtered_name", "name", spanner_null_filtered=True),
+        Index(
+            "idx_uq_null_filtered_name", "name", unique=True, spanner_null_filtered=True
+        ),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str]
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/pickle_type_model.py b/test/mockserver_tests/pickle_type_model.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b3bb47c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/pickle_type_model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, PickleType
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner.sqlalchemy_spanner import SpannerPickleType
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class UserPreferences(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "user_preferences"
+
+    user_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+    username = Column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    preferences = Column(PickleType(impl=SpannerPickleType), nullable=True)
+    created_at = Column(String(30), nullable=False)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_auto_increment.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_auto_increment.py
index 6bc5e2c0..9e8051db 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_auto_increment.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_auto_increment.py
@@ -12,13 +12,11 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
     ResultSet,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     CommitRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
@@ -45,10 +43,7 @@ def test_create_table(self):
 """,
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
         eq_(1, len(requests))
@@ -74,10 +69,7 @@ def test_create_auto_increment_table(self):
 """,
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         engine.dialect.use_auto_increment = True
         Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
@@ -103,10 +95,7 @@ def test_create_table_with_specific_sequence_kind(self):
 """,
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         engine.dialect.default_sequence_kind = "non_existing_kind"
         Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
@@ -125,13 +114,8 @@ def test_create_table_with_specific_sequence_kind(self):
     def test_insert_row(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.auto_increment_model import Singer
 
-        self.add_insert_result(
-            "INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN singers.id"
-        )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine) as session:
             singer = Singer(name="Test")
@@ -143,7 +127,7 @@ def test_insert_row(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(4, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
@@ -154,10 +138,7 @@ def test_insert_row_with_pk_value(self):
         # SQLAlchemy should not use a THEN RETURN clause when a value for the
         # primary key has been set on the model.
         add_update_count("INSERT INTO singers (id, name) VALUES (@a0, @a1)", 1)
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine) as session:
             # Manually specify a value for the primary key.
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_basics.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_basics.py
index 36aee22c..3e6c2fe0 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_basics.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_basics.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import datetime
+
 from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
 from google.cloud.spanner_dbapi.parsed_statement import AutocommitDmlMode
 from sqlalchemy import (
@@ -21,20 +22,20 @@
     MetaData,
     Table,
     Column,
+    Index,
     Integer,
     String,
     func,
     text,
     BigInteger,
+    Enum,
 )
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     ResultSet,
-    PingingPool,
     TypeCode,
 )
 from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ def verify_select1(self, results):
         eq_(1, len(result_list))
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(2, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], ExecuteSqlRequest)
 
     def test_select1(self):
@@ -67,10 +68,7 @@ def test_select1(self):
 
     def test_sqlalchemy_select1(self):
         add_select1_result()
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": PingingPool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         with engine.connect().execution_options(
             isolation_level="AUTOCOMMIT"
         ) as connection:
@@ -90,10 +88,7 @@ def test_sqlalchemy_select_now(self):
             TypeCode.TIMESTAMP,
             [(iso_now,)],
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": PingingPool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         with engine.connect().execution_options(
             isolation_level="AUTOCOMMIT"
         ) as connection:
@@ -109,16 +104,14 @@ def test_create_table(self):
 """,
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         metadata = MetaData()
         Table(
             "users",
             metadata,
             Column("user_id", Integer, primary_key=True),
             Column("user_name", String(16), nullable=False),
+            Column("status", Enum("a", "b", "cee", create_constraint=True)),
         )
         metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
@@ -129,10 +122,50 @@ def test_create_table(self):
             "CREATE TABLE users (\n"
             "\tuser_id INT64 NOT NULL "
             "GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (BIT_REVERSED_POSITIVE), \n"
+            "\tuser_name STRING(16) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tstatus STRING(3), \n"
+            "\tCHECK (status IN ('a', 'b', 'cee'))\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (user_id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
+
+    def test_create_table_in_schema(self):
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="schema" AND TABLE_NAME="users"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+        metadata = MetaData()
+        Table(
+            "users",
+            metadata,
+            Column("user_id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+            Column("user_name", String(16), nullable=False),
+            Index("ix_users_user_id", "user_id"),
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(2, len(requests[0].statements))
+
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE schema.users (\n"
+            "\tuser_id INT64 NOT NULL "
+            "GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY (BIT_REVERSED_POSITIVE), \n"
             "\tuser_name STRING(16) NOT NULL\n"
             ") PRIMARY KEY (user_id)",
             requests[0].statements[0],
         )
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE INDEX schema.ix_users_user_id ON schema.users (user_id)",
+            requests[0].statements[1],
+        )
 
     def test_create_multiple_tables(self):
         for i in range(2):
@@ -144,10 +177,7 @@ def test_create_multiple_tables(self):
 """,
                 ResultSet(),
             )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         metadata = MetaData()
         for i in range(2):
             Table(
@@ -176,7 +206,11 @@ def test_partitioned_dml(self):
         add_update_count(sql, 100, AutocommitDmlMode.PARTITIONED_NON_ATOMIC)
         engine = create_engine(
             "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": PingingPool(size=10)},
+            connect_args={
+                "client": self.client,
+                "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger,
+                "ignore_transaction_warnings": True,
+            },
         )
         # TODO: Support autocommit_dml_mode as a connection variable in execution
         #       options.
@@ -208,10 +242,7 @@ class Singer(Base):
         update = "UPDATE singers SET name=@a0 WHERE singers.id = @a1"
         add_update_count(update, 1)
 
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine) as session:
             singer = (
@@ -220,3 +251,69 @@ class Singer(Base):
             singer.name = "New Name"
             session.add(singer)
             session.commit()
+
+    def test_database_role(self):
+        add_select1_result()
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={
+                "client": self.client,
+                "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger,
+                "database_role": "my_role",
+            },
+        )
+        with Session(engine.execution_options(isolation_level="autocommit")) as session:
+            session.execute(select(1))
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(2, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        request: CreateSessionRequest = requests[0]
+        eq_("my_role", request.session.creator_role)
+
+    def test_select_table_in_named_schema(self):
+        class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+            pass
+
+        class Singer(Base):
+            __tablename__ = "singers"
+            __table_args__ = {"schema": "my_schema"}
+            id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(BigInteger, primary_key=True)
+            name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String)
+
+        query = (
+            "SELECT"
+            " singers_1.id AS my_schema_singers_id,"
+            " singers_1.name AS my_schema_singers_name\n"
+            "FROM my_schema.singers AS singers_1\n"
+            "WHERE singers_1.id = @a0\n"
+            " LIMIT @a1"
+        )
+        add_singer_query_result(query)
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+
+        insert = "INSERT INTO my_schema.singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id"
+        add_single_result(insert, "id", TypeCode.INT64, [("1",)])
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="New Name")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+
+        update = (
+            "UPDATE my_schema.singers AS singers_1 "
+            "SET name=@a0 "
+            "WHERE singers_1.id = @a1"
+        )
+        add_update_count(update, 1)
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            singer = session.query(Singer).filter(Singer.id == 1).first()
+            singer.name = "New Name"
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+
+        delete = "DELETE FROM my_schema.singers AS singers_1 WHERE singers_1.id = @a0"
+        add_update_count(delete, 1)
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            singer = session.query(Singer).filter(Singer.id == 1).first()
+            session.delete(singer)
+            session.commit()
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_bit_reversed_sequence.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_bit_reversed_sequence.py
index a18bc08e..b54bb367 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_bit_reversed_sequence.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_bit_reversed_sequence.py
@@ -12,13 +12,11 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
     ResultSet,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     CommitRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
@@ -52,10 +50,7 @@ def test_create_table(self):
                 LIMIT 1""",
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
         eq_(1, len(requests))
@@ -110,13 +105,10 @@ def test_insert_row(self):
         add_result(
             "INSERT INTO singers (id, name) "
             "VALUES ( GET_NEXT_SEQUENCE_VALUE(SEQUENCE singer_id), @a0) "
-            "THEN RETURN singers.id",
+            "THEN RETURN id",
             result,
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine) as session:
             singer = Singer(name="Test")
@@ -128,7 +120,7 @@ def test_insert_row(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(4, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_commit_timestamp.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_commit_timestamp.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f70fcec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_commit_timestamp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import ResultSet
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+
+
+class TestCommitTimestamp(MockServerTestBase):
+    def test_create_table(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.commit_timestamp_model import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="singers"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+                FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SEQUENCES
+                WHERE NAME="singer_id"
+                AND SCHEMA=""
+                LIMIT 1""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(1, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE singers (\n"
+            "\tid STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tname STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tupdated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL OPTIONS (allow_commit_timestamp=true)\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_default.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_default.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9b46ede0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_default.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import FixedSizePool, ResultSet
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import MockServerTestBase, add_result
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+
+
+class TestCreateTableDefault(MockServerTestBase):
+    def test_create_table_with_default(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.default_model import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="singers"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
+        )
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(1, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE singers (\n"
+            "\tid STRING(MAX) NOT NULL DEFAULT (GENERATE_UUID()), \n"
+            "\tname STRING(MAX) NOT NULL\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_float32.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_float32.py
index 801a57c2..50cd6a86 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_float32.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_float32.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     is_false,
 )
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     ResultSet,
     ResultSetStats,
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def test_insert_data(self):
 
             requests = self.spanner_service.requests
             eq_(4, len(requests))
-            is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+            is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_insertmany.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_insertmany.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f5b9f882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_insertmany.py
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import uuid
+from unittest import mock
+
+import sqlalchemy
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    ExecuteSqlRequest,
+    CommitRequest,
+    RollbackRequest,
+    BeginTransactionRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
+)
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.type as spanner_type
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.result_set as result_set
+
+
+class TestInsertmany(MockServerTestBase):
+    @mock.patch.object(uuid, "uuid4", mock.MagicMock(side_effect=["a", "b"]))
+    def test_insertmany_with_uuid_sentinels(self):
+        """Ensures one bulk insert for ORM objects distinguished by uuid."""
+        from test.mockserver_tests.insertmany_model import SingerUUID
+
+        self.add_uuid_insert_result(
+            "INSERT INTO singers_uuid (id, name) "
+            "VALUES (@a0, @a1), (@a2, @a3) "
+            "THEN RETURN inserted_at, id"
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            session.add(SingerUUID(name="a"))
+            session.add(SingerUUID(name="b"))
+            session.commit()
+
+        # Verify the requests that we got.
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(4, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
+
+    def test_no_insertmany_with_bit_reversed_id(self):
+        """Ensures we don't try to bulk insert rows with bit-reversed PKs.
+
+        SQLAlchemy's insertmany support requires either incrementing
+        PKs or client-side supplied sentinel values such as UUIDs.
+        Spanner's bit-reversed integer PKs don't meet the ordering
+        requirement, so we need to make sure we don't try to bulk
+        insert with them.
+        """
+        from test.mockserver_tests.insertmany_model import SingerIntID
+
+        self.add_int_id_insert_result(
+            "INSERT INTO singers_int_id (name) "
+            "VALUES (@a0) "
+            "THEN RETURN id, inserted_at"
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            session.add(SingerIntID(name="a"))
+            session.add(SingerIntID(name="b"))
+            try:
+                session.commit()
+            except sqlalchemy.exc.SAWarning:
+                # This will fail because we're returning the same PK
+                # for two rows. The mock server doesn't currently
+                # support associating the same query with two
+                # different results. For our purposes that's okay --
+                # we just want to ensure we generate two INSERTs, not
+                # one.
+                pass
+
+        # Verify the requests that we got.
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(5, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[4], RollbackRequest)
+
+    def add_uuid_insert_result(self, sql):
+        result = result_set.ResultSet(
+            dict(
+                metadata=result_set.ResultSetMetadata(
+                    dict(
+                        row_type=spanner_type.StructType(
+                            dict(
+                                fields=[
+                                    spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                        dict(
+                                            name="inserted_at",
+                                            type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                                dict(
+                                                    code=spanner_type.TypeCode.TIMESTAMP
+                                                )
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    ),
+                                    spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                        dict(
+                                            name="id",
+                                            type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                                dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.STRING)
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    ),
+                                ]
+                            )
+                        )
+                    )
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        result.rows.extend(
+            [
+                (
+                    "2020-06-02T23:58:40Z",
+                    "a",
+                ),
+                (
+                    "2020-06-02T23:58:41Z",
+                    "b",
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+        add_result(sql, result)
+
+    def add_int_id_insert_result(self, sql):
+        result = result_set.ResultSet(
+            dict(
+                metadata=result_set.ResultSetMetadata(
+                    dict(
+                        row_type=spanner_type.StructType(
+                            dict(
+                                fields=[
+                                    spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                        dict(
+                                            name="id",
+                                            type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                                dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.INT64)
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    ),
+                                    spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                        dict(
+                                            name="inserted_at",
+                                            type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                                dict(
+                                                    code=spanner_type.TypeCode.TIMESTAMP
+                                                )
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    ),
+                                ]
+                            )
+                        )
+                    )
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        result.rows.extend(
+            [
+                (
+                    "1",
+                    "2020-06-02T23:58:40Z",
+                ),
+            ]
+        )
+        add_result(sql, result)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_interleaved_index.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_interleaved_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..198f6431
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_interleaved_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    FixedSizePool,
+    ResultSet,
+)
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+
+
+class TestNullFilteredIndex(MockServerTestBase):
+    """Ensure we emit correct DDL for not null filtered indexes."""
+
+    def test_create_table(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.interleaved_index import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="singers"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="albums"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="tracks"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
+        )
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(4, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE singers (\n"
+            "\tsinger_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tfirst_name STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tlast_name STRING(MAX) NOT NULL\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (singer_id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE albums (\n"
+            "\tsinger_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\talbum_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\talbum_title STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tFOREIGN KEY(singer_id) REFERENCES singers (singer_id)\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (singer_id, album_id),\n"
+            "INTERLEAVE IN PARENT singers ON DELETE CASCADE",
+            requests[0].statements[1],
+        )
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE tracks (\n"
+            "\tsinger_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\talbum_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\ttrack_id STRING(36) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tsong_name STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tFOREIGN KEY(singer_id) REFERENCES singers (singer_id), \n"
+            "\tFOREIGN KEY(album_id) REFERENCES albums (album_id)\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (singer_id, album_id, track_id),\n"
+            "INTERLEAVE IN PARENT albums ON DELETE CASCADE",
+            requests[0].statements[2],
+        )
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE INDEX idx_name ON tracks "
+            "(singer_id, album_id, song_name), "
+            "INTERLEAVE IN albums",
+            requests[0].statements[3],
+        )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_isolation_level.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_isolation_level.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..21dca305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_isolation_level.py
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import pytest
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    CreateSessionRequest,
+    ExecuteSqlRequest,
+    CommitRequest,
+    BeginTransactionRequest,
+    TransactionOptions,
+)
+
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.type as spanner_type
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.result_set as result_set
+
+ISOLATION_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED = (
+    TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.ISOLATION_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED
+)
+
+
+class TestIsolationLevel(MockServerTestBase):
+    def test_default_isolation_level(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="Test")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+        self.verify_isolation_level(
+            TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.ISOLATION_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED
+        )
+
+    def test_engine_isolation_level(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger},
+            isolation_level="REPEATABLE READ",
+        )
+
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="Test")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+        self.verify_isolation_level(TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ)
+
+    def test_execution_options_isolation_level(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+
+        with Session(
+            engine.execution_options(isolation_level="repeatable read")
+        ) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="Test")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+        self.verify_isolation_level(TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ)
+
+    def test_override_engine_isolation_level(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger},
+            isolation_level="REPEATABLE READ",
+        )
+
+        with Session(
+            engine.execution_options(isolation_level="SERIALIZABLE")
+        ) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="Test")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+        self.verify_isolation_level(TransactionOptions.IsolationLevel.SERIALIZABLE)
+
+    def test_auto_commit(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        self.add_insert_result("INSERT INTO singers (name) VALUES (@a0) THEN RETURN id")
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={
+                "client": self.client,
+                "logger": MockServerTestBase.logger,
+                "ignore_transaction_warnings": True,
+            },
+        )
+
+        with Session(
+            engine.execution_options(
+                isolation_level="AUTOCOMMIT", ignore_transaction_warnings=True
+            )
+        ) as session:
+            singer = Singer(name="Test")
+            session.add(singer)
+            session.commit()
+
+        # Verify the requests that we got.
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(3, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[2], CommitRequest)
+        execute_request: ExecuteSqlRequest = requests[1]
+        eq_(
+            TransactionOptions(
+                dict(
+                    isolation_level=ISOLATION_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED,
+                    read_write=TransactionOptions.ReadWrite(),
+                )
+            ),
+            execute_request.transaction.begin,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_isolation_level(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.isolation_level_model import Singer
+
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            with Session(engine.execution_options(isolation_level="foo")) as session:
+                singer = Singer(name="Test")
+                session.add(singer)
+                session.commit()
+
+    def verify_isolation_level(self, level):
+        # Verify the requests that we got.
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(4, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
+        begin_request: BeginTransactionRequest = requests[1]
+        eq_(
+            TransactionOptions(
+                dict(
+                    isolation_level=level,
+                    read_write=TransactionOptions.ReadWrite(),
+                )
+            ),
+            begin_request.options,
+        )
+
+    def add_insert_result(self, sql):
+        result = result_set.ResultSet(
+            dict(
+                metadata=result_set.ResultSetMetadata(
+                    dict(
+                        row_type=spanner_type.StructType(
+                            dict(
+                                fields=[
+                                    spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                        dict(
+                                            name="id",
+                                            type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                                dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.INT64)
+                                            ),
+                                        )
+                                    )
+                                ]
+                            )
+                        )
+                    )
+                ),
+                stats=result_set.ResultSetStats(
+                    dict(
+                        row_count_exact=1,
+                    )
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        result.rows.extend([("987654321",)])
+        add_result(sql, result)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_json.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_json.py
index 6395fe3a..244e5d62 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_json.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_json.py
@@ -12,13 +12,12 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, select
+from sqlalchemy import func, select, text
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
     ResultSet,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     CommitRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
@@ -47,10 +46,7 @@ def test_create_table(self):
 """,
             ResultSet(),
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
         Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
         requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
         eq_(1, len(requests))
@@ -77,16 +73,30 @@ def test_insert_array(self):
             '[{"size":"Great","type":"Stadium"}]',
         )
 
-    def _test_insert_json(self, description, expected):
+    def test_insert_fn(self):
+        add_update_count(
+            "INSERT INTO venues (id, name, description) "
+            "VALUES (@a0, @a1, parse_json(@a2, wide_number_mode=>'round'))",
+            1,
+        )
+        self._test_insert_json(
+            func.parse_json(
+                '{"type": "Stadium", "size": "Great"}',
+                text("wide_number_mode=>'round'"),
+            ),
+            '{"type": "Stadium", "size": "Great"}',
+            expected_type_code=TypeCode.STRING,
+        )
+
+    def _test_insert_json(
+        self, description, expected, expected_type_code=TypeCode.JSON
+    ):
         from test.mockserver_tests.json_model import Venue
 
         add_update_count(
             "INSERT INTO venues (id, name, description) VALUES (@a0, @a1, @a2)", 1
         )
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine) as session:
             venue = Venue(id=1, name="Test", description=description)
@@ -96,7 +106,7 @@ def _test_insert_json(self, description, expected):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(4, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
@@ -107,7 +117,7 @@ def _test_insert_json(self, description, expected):
         eq_(expected, request.params["a2"])
         eq_(TypeCode.INT64, request.param_types["a0"].code)
         eq_(TypeCode.STRING, request.param_types["a1"].code)
-        eq_(TypeCode.JSON, request.param_types["a2"].code)
+        eq_(expected_type_code, request.param_types["a2"].code)
 
     def test_select_dict(self):
         self._test_select_json(
@@ -126,10 +136,7 @@ def _test_select_json(self, description, expected):
 
         sql = "SELECT venues.id, venues.name, venues.description \n" "FROM venues"
         add_venue_query_result(sql, description)
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine.execution_options(read_only=True)) as session:
             venue = session.execute(select(Venue)).first()[0]
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_not_enforced_fk.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_not_enforced_fk.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b2253d1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_not_enforced_fk.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    FixedSizePool,
+    ResultSet,
+)
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+
+
+class TestNotEnforcedFK(MockServerTestBase):
+    """Ensure we emit correct DDL for not enforced foreign keys."""
+
+    def test_create_table(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.not_enforced_fk_model import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="singers"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="albums"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
+        )
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(2, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE singers (\n"
+            "\tid STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tname STRING(MAX) NOT NULL\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE albums (\n"
+            "\tid STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tname STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tsinger_id STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tFOREIGN KEY(singer_id) REFERENCES singers (id) NOT ENFORCED\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (id)",
+            requests[0].statements[1],
+        )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_null_filtered_index.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_null_filtered_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..28ed1b5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_null_filtered_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    FixedSizePool,
+    ResultSet,
+)
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+)
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+
+
+class TestNullFilteredIndex(MockServerTestBase):
+    """Ensure we emit correct DDL for not null filtered indexes."""
+
+    def test_create_table(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.null_filtered_index import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="singers"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="albums"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = create_engine(
+            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
+            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
+        )
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(5, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE singers (\n"
+            "\tid STRING(MAX) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tname STRING(MAX) NOT NULL\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
+
+        # The order of the CREATE INDEX statements appears to be
+        # arbitrary, so we sort it for test consistency.
+        index_statements = sorted(requests[0].statements[1:])
+        eq_("CREATE INDEX idx_name ON singers (name)", index_statements[0])
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE NULL_FILTERED INDEX idx_null_filtered_name ON singers (name)",
+            index_statements[1],
+        )
+        eq_("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_uq_name ON singers (name)", index_statements[2])
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE UNIQUE NULL_FILTERED INDEX "
+            "idx_uq_null_filtered_name ON singers (name)",
+            index_statements[3],
+        )
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_pickle_type.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_pickle_type.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b2f1a2ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_pickle_type.py
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
+from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
+    ResultSet,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
+    ExecuteSqlRequest,
+    CommitRequest,
+    BeginTransactionRequest,
+    TypeCode,
+)
+from test.mockserver_tests.mock_server_test_base import (
+    MockServerTestBase,
+    add_result,
+    add_update_count,
+)
+from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.type as spanner_type
+import google.cloud.spanner_v1.types.result_set as result_set
+
+
+class TestPickleType(MockServerTestBase):
+    def test_create_table(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.pickle_type_model import Base
+
+        add_result(
+            """SELECT true
+FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
+WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA="" AND TABLE_NAME="user_preferences"
+LIMIT 1
+""",
+            ResultSet(),
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        requests = self.database_admin_service.requests
+        eq_(1, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], UpdateDatabaseDdlRequest)
+        eq_(1, len(requests[0].statements))
+        eq_(
+            "CREATE TABLE user_preferences (\n"
+            "\tuser_id INT64 NOT NULL GENERATED BY DEFAULT"
+            " AS IDENTITY (BIT_REVERSED_POSITIVE), \n"
+            "\tusername STRING(50) NOT NULL, \n"
+            "\tpreferences BYTES(MAX), \n"
+            "\tcreated_at STRING(30) NOT NULL\n"
+            ") PRIMARY KEY (user_id)",
+            requests[0].statements[0],
+        )
+
+    def test_insert_and_query(self):
+        from test.mockserver_tests.pickle_type_model import UserPreferences
+
+        add_update_count(
+            "INSERT INTO user_preferences (user_id, username, preferences, created_at) "
+            "VALUES (@a0, @a1, @a2, @a3)",
+            1,
+        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
+        preferences = {"setting": "true"}
+        preferences_base64 = "gAWVFQAAAAAAAAB9lIwHc2V0dGluZ5SMBHRydWWUcy4="
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            new_user = UserPreferences(
+                user_id=1,
+                username="test_user",
+                preferences=preferences,
+                created_at="2025-05-04T00:00:00.000000",
+            )
+
+            session.add(new_user)
+            session.commit()
+
+        # Verify the requests that we got.
+        requests = self.spanner_service.requests
+        eq_(4, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[3], CommitRequest)
+        request: ExecuteSqlRequest = requests[2]
+        eq_(4, len(request.params))
+        eq_("1", request.params["a0"])
+        eq_("test_user", request.params["a1"])
+        eq_(preferences_base64, request.params["a2"])
+        eq_(TypeCode.INT64, request.param_types["a0"].code)
+        eq_(TypeCode.STRING, request.param_types["a1"].code)
+        eq_(TypeCode.BYTES, request.param_types["a2"].code)
+
+        add_user_preferences_result(
+            "SELECT user_preferences.user_id AS user_preferences_user_id, "
+            "user_preferences.username AS user_preferences_username, "
+            "user_preferences.preferences AS user_preferences_preferences, "
+            "user_preferences.created_at AS user_preferences_created_at\n"
+            "FROM user_preferences\n"
+            "WHERE user_preferences.user_id = @a0\n"
+            " LIMIT @a1",
+            preferences_base64,
+        )
+        user = session.query(UserPreferences).filter_by(user_id=1).first()
+        eq_(preferences, user.preferences)
+
+
+def add_user_preferences_result(sql: str, preferences_base64: object):
+    result = result_set.ResultSet(
+        dict(
+            metadata=result_set.ResultSetMetadata(
+                dict(
+                    row_type=spanner_type.StructType(
+                        dict(
+                            fields=[
+                                spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                    dict(
+                                        name="user_id",
+                                        type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                            dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.INT64)
+                                        ),
+                                    )
+                                ),
+                                spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                    dict(
+                                        name="user_name",
+                                        type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                            dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.STRING)
+                                        ),
+                                    )
+                                ),
+                                spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                    dict(
+                                        name="preferences",
+                                        type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                            dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.BYTES)
+                                        ),
+                                    )
+                                ),
+                                spanner_type.StructType.Field(
+                                    dict(
+                                        name="created_at",
+                                        type=spanner_type.Type(
+                                            dict(code=spanner_type.TypeCode.TIMESTAMP)
+                                        ),
+                                    )
+                                ),
+                            ]
+                        )
+                    )
+                )
+            ),
+        )
+    )
+    result.rows.extend(
+        [
+            (
+                "1",
+                "Test",
+                preferences_base64,
+                "2025-05-05T00:00:00.000000Z",
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+    add_result(sql, result)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_quickstart.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_quickstart.py
index c7db636e..d62f0359 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_quickstart.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_quickstart.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
     ResultSet,
     ResultSetStats,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteBatchDmlRequest,
     CommitRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def test_insert_data(self):
 
             requests = self.spanner_service.requests
             eq_(5, len(requests))
-            is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+            is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteBatchDmlRequest)
             is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteBatchDmlRequest)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_read_only_transaction.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_read_only_transaction.py
index 013c0401..0dffbb88 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_read_only_transaction.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_read_only_transaction.py
@@ -12,12 +12,11 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, select
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
     TransactionOptions,
@@ -33,11 +32,7 @@ def test_read_only_transaction(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.read_only_model import Singer
 
         add_singer_query_result("SELECT singers.id, singers.name \n" + "FROM singers")
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            echo=True,
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         for i in range(2):
             with Session(engine.execution_options(read_only=True)) as session:
@@ -48,7 +43,7 @@ def test_read_only_transaction(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(7, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteSqlRequest)
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_stale_reads.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_stale_reads.py
index d3ac91e8..0dcf8b38 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_stale_reads.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_stale_reads.py
@@ -13,12 +13,11 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import datetime
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, select
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
     TransactionOptions,
@@ -34,11 +33,7 @@ def test_stale_read_multi_use(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.stale_read_model import Singer
 
         add_singer_query_result("SELECT singers.id, singers.name \nFROM singers")
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            echo=True,
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(1733328910)
         for i in range(2):
@@ -55,7 +50,7 @@ def test_stale_read_multi_use(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(7, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteSqlRequest)
@@ -83,11 +78,7 @@ def test_stale_read_single_use(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.stale_read_model import Singer
 
         add_singer_query_result("SELECT singers.id, singers.name \nFROM singers")
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            echo=True,
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(
             engine.execution_options(
@@ -102,7 +93,7 @@ def test_stale_read_single_use(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(3, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         # Verify that the requests use a stale read.
diff --git a/test/mockserver_tests/test_tags.py b/test/mockserver_tests/test_tags.py
index c422bc5e..0a4d6337 100644
--- a/test/mockserver_tests/test_tags.py
+++ b/test/mockserver_tests/test_tags.py
@@ -12,12 +12,11 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
-from sqlalchemy import create_engine, select
+from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_instance_of
 from google.cloud.spanner_v1 import (
-    FixedSizePool,
-    BatchCreateSessionsRequest,
+    CreateSessionRequest,
     ExecuteSqlRequest,
     BeginTransactionRequest,
     CommitRequest,
@@ -36,10 +35,7 @@ def test_request_tag(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.tags_model import Singer
 
         add_singer_query_result("SELECT singers.id, singers.name \n" + "FROM singers")
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
-        )
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(engine.execution_options(read_only=True)) as session:
             # Execute two queries in a read-only transaction.
@@ -53,7 +49,7 @@ def test_request_tag(self):
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
         eq_(4, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteSqlRequest)
@@ -65,36 +61,44 @@ def test_transaction_tag(self):
         from test.mockserver_tests.tags_model import Singer
 
         add_singer_query_result("SELECT singers.id, singers.name\n" + "FROM singers")
-        add_update_count("INSERT INTO singers (id, name) VALUES (@a0, @a1)", 1)
-        engine = create_engine(
-            "spanner:///projects/p/instances/i/databases/d",
-            connect_args={"client": self.client, "pool": FixedSizePool(size=10)},
+        add_single_singer_query_result(
+            "SELECT singers.id AS singers_id, singers.name AS singers_name\n"
+            "FROM singers\n"
+            "WHERE singers.id = @a0"
         )
+        add_update_count("INSERT INTO singers (id, name) VALUES (@a0, @a1)", 1)
+        engine = self.create_engine()
 
         with Session(
             engine.execution_options(transaction_tag="my-transaction-tag")
         ) as session:
             # Execute a query and an insert statement in a read/write transaction.
+            session.get(Singer, 1, execution_options={"request_tag": "my-tag-1"})
             session.scalars(
-                select(Singer).execution_options(request_tag="my-tag-1")
+                select(Singer).execution_options(request_tag="my-tag-2")
             ).all()
+            session.connection().execution_options(request_tag="insert-singer")
             session.add(Singer(id=1, name="Some Singer"))
             session.commit()
 
         # Verify the requests that we got.
         requests = self.spanner_service.requests
-        eq_(5, len(requests))
-        is_instance_of(requests[0], BatchCreateSessionsRequest)
+        eq_(6, len(requests))
+        is_instance_of(requests[0], CreateSessionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[1], BeginTransactionRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[2], ExecuteSqlRequest)
         is_instance_of(requests[3], ExecuteSqlRequest)
-        is_instance_of(requests[4], CommitRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[4], ExecuteSqlRequest)
+        is_instance_of(requests[5], CommitRequest)
         for request in requests[2:]:
             eq_("my-transaction-tag", request.request_options.transaction_tag)
+        eq_("my-tag-1", requests[2].request_options.request_tag)
+        eq_("my-tag-2", requests[3].request_options.request_tag)
+        eq_("insert-singer", requests[4].request_options.request_tag)
 
 
-def add_singer_query_result(sql: str):
-    result = result_set.ResultSet(
+def empty_singer_result_set():
+    return result_set.ResultSet(
         dict(
             metadata=result_set.ResultSetMetadata(
                 dict(
@@ -124,6 +128,10 @@ def add_singer_query_result(sql: str):
             ),
         )
     )
+
+
+def add_singer_query_result(sql: str):
+    result = empty_singer_result_set()
     result.rows.extend(
         [
             (
@@ -137,3 +145,16 @@ def add_singer_query_result(sql: str):
         ]
     )
     add_result(sql, result)
+
+
+def add_single_singer_query_result(sql: str):
+    result = empty_singer_result_set()
+    result.rows.extend(
+        [
+            (
+                "1",
+                "Jane Doe",
+            ),
+        ]
+    )
+    add_result(sql, result)
diff --git a/test/system/test_basics.py b/test/system/test_basics.py
index e5411988..5914b9f3 100644
--- a/test/system/test_basics.py
+++ b/test/system/test_basics.py
@@ -11,24 +11,33 @@
 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
-
+import datetime
+import os
 from typing import Optional
+
+import pytest
 from sqlalchemy import (
     text,
     Table,
     Column,
     Integer,
+    ForeignKey,
+    ForeignKeyConstraint,
     PrimaryKeyConstraint,
     String,
     Index,
     MetaData,
     Boolean,
     BIGINT,
+    inspect,
     select,
+    update,
+    delete,
+    event,
 )
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
 from sqlalchemy.types import REAL
-from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_true
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_, is_true, is_not_none, is_none
 from sqlalchemy.testing.plugin.plugin_base import fixtures
 
 
@@ -41,7 +50,7 @@ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
             Column("number", Integer),
             Column("name", String(20)),
             Column("alternative_name", String(20)),
-            Column("prime", Boolean),
+            Column("prime", Boolean, server_default=text("FALSE")),
             Column("ln", REAL),
             PrimaryKeyConstraint("number"),
         )
@@ -57,6 +66,64 @@ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
             Column("ID", Integer, primary_key=True),
             Column("name", String(20)),
         )
+        # Add a foreign key example.
+        Table(
+            "number_colors",
+            metadata,
+            Column("ID", Integer, primary_key=True),
+            Column(
+                "number_id", Integer, ForeignKey("numbers.number", name="number_fk")
+            ),
+            Column("color", String(20)),
+        )
+
+        with cls.bind.begin() as conn:
+            conn.execute(text("CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS schema"))
+        Table(
+            "users",
+            metadata,
+            Column("ID", Integer, primary_key=True),
+            Column("name", String(20)),
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        # Add a foreign key example which crosses schema.
+        Table(
+            "number_colors",
+            metadata,
+            Column("ID", Integer, primary_key=True),
+            Column(
+                "number_id",
+                Integer,
+                ForeignKey("numbers.number", name="cross_schema_number_fk"),
+            ),
+            Column("color", String(20)),
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        # Add a composite primary key & foreign key example.
+        Table(
+            "composite_pk",
+            metadata,
+            Column("a", String, primary_key=True),
+            Column("b", String, primary_key=True),
+        )
+        composite_fk = Table(
+            "composite_fk",
+            metadata,
+            Column("my_a", String, primary_key=True),
+            Column("my_b", String, primary_key=True),
+            Column("my_c", String, primary_key=True),
+            ForeignKeyConstraint(
+                ["my_a", "my_b"],
+                ["composite_pk.a", "composite_pk.b"],
+                name="composite_fk_composite_pk_a_b",
+            ),
+        )
+        Index(
+            "idx_composte_fk_all",
+            composite_fk.c.my_a,
+            composite_fk.c.my_b,
+            composite_fk.c.my_c,
+        )
 
     def test_hello_world(self, connection):
         greeting = connection.execute(text("select 'Hello World'"))
@@ -76,17 +143,20 @@ def test_reflect(self, connection):
         engine = connection.engine
         meta: MetaData = MetaData()
         meta.reflect(bind=engine)
-        eq_(2, len(meta.tables))
+        eq_(5, len(meta.tables))
         table = meta.tables["numbers"]
         eq_(5, len(table.columns))
         eq_("number", table.columns[0].name)
         eq_(BIGINT, type(table.columns[0].type))
+        is_none(table.columns[0].server_default)
         eq_("name", table.columns[1].name)
         eq_(String, type(table.columns[1].type))
         eq_("alternative_name", table.columns[2].name)
         eq_(String, type(table.columns[2].type))
         eq_("prime", table.columns[3].name)
         eq_(Boolean, type(table.columns[3].type))
+        is_not_none(table.columns[3].server_default)
+        eq_("FALSE", table.columns[3].server_default.arg.text)
         eq_("ln", table.columns[4].name)
         eq_(REAL, type(table.columns[4].type))
         eq_(1, len(table.indexes))
@@ -139,6 +209,12 @@ class User(Base):
             ID: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
             name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20))
 
+        class SchemaUser(Base):
+            __tablename__ = "users"
+            __table_args__ = {"schema": "schema"}
+            ID: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+            name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20))
+
         engine = connection.engine
         with Session(engine) as session:
             number = Number(
@@ -147,7 +223,10 @@ class User(Base):
             session.add(number)
             session.commit()
 
-        with Session(engine) as session:
+        level = "serializable"
+        if os.environ.get("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST", ""):
+            level = "REPEATABLE READ"
+        with Session(engine.execution_options(isolation_level=level)) as session:
             user = User(name="Test")
             session.add(user)
             session.commit()
@@ -156,3 +235,207 @@ class User(Base):
             users = session.scalars(statement).all()
             eq_(1, len(users))
             is_true(users[0].ID > 0)
+
+        with Session(engine) as session:
+            user = SchemaUser(name="SchemaTest")
+            session.add(user)
+            session.commit()
+
+            users = session.scalars(
+                select(SchemaUser).where(SchemaUser.name == "SchemaTest")
+            ).all()
+            eq_(1, len(users))
+            is_true(users[0].ID > 0)
+
+            session.execute(
+                update(SchemaUser)
+                .where(SchemaUser.name == "SchemaTest")
+                .values(name="NewName")
+            )
+            session.commit()
+
+            users = session.scalars(
+                select(SchemaUser).where(SchemaUser.name == "NewName")
+            ).all()
+            eq_(1, len(users))
+            is_true(users[0].ID > 0)
+
+            session.execute(delete(SchemaUser).where(SchemaUser.name == "NewName"))
+            session.commit()
+
+            users = session.scalars(
+                select(SchemaUser).where(SchemaUser.name == "NewName")
+            ).all()
+            eq_(0, len(users))
+
+    def test_multi_row_insert(self, connection):
+        """Ensures we can perform multi-row inserts."""
+
+        class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+            pass
+
+        class User(Base):
+            __tablename__ = "users"
+            ID: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+            name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20))
+
+        with connection.engine.begin() as conn:
+            inserted_rows = list(
+                conn.execute(
+                    User.__table__.insert()
+                    .values([{"name": "a"}, {"name": "b"}])
+                    .returning(User.__table__.c.ID, User.__table__.c.name)
+                )
+            )
+
+        eq_(2, len(inserted_rows))
+        eq_({"a", "b"}, {row.name for row in inserted_rows})
+
+        with connection.engine.connect() as conn:
+            selected_rows = list(conn.execute(User.__table__.select()))
+
+        eq_(len(inserted_rows), len(selected_rows))
+        eq_(set(inserted_rows), set(selected_rows))
+
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(
+        os.environ.get("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST") is not None,
+        reason=(
+            "Fails in emulator due to bug: "
+            "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/cloud-spanner-emulator/issues/279"
+        ),
+    )
+    def test_cross_schema_fk_lookups(self, connection):
+        """Ensures we introspect FKs within & across schema."""
+
+        engine = connection.engine
+
+        insp = inspect(engine)
+        eq_(
+            {
+                (None, "number_colors"): [
+                    {
+                        "name": "number_fk",
+                        "referred_table": "numbers",
+                        "referred_schema": None,
+                        "referred_columns": ["number"],
+                        "constrained_columns": ["number_id"],
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            insp.get_multi_foreign_keys(filter_names=["number_colors"]),
+        )
+        eq_(
+            {
+                ("schema", "number_colors"): [
+                    {
+                        "name": "cross_schema_number_fk",
+                        "referred_table": "numbers",
+                        "referred_schema": None,
+                        "referred_columns": ["number"],
+                        "constrained_columns": ["number_id"],
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            insp.get_multi_foreign_keys(
+                filter_names=["number_colors"], schema="schema"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_composite_fk_lookups(self, connection):
+        """Ensures we introspect composite FKs."""
+
+        engine = connection.engine
+
+        insp = inspect(engine)
+        eq_(
+            {
+                (None, "composite_fk"): [
+                    {
+                        "name": "composite_fk_composite_pk_a_b",
+                        "referred_table": "composite_pk",
+                        "referred_schema": None,
+                        "referred_columns": ["a", "b"],
+                        "constrained_columns": ["my_a", "my_b"],
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            insp.get_multi_foreign_keys(filter_names=["composite_fk"]),
+        )
+
+    def test_composite_index_lookups(self, connection):
+        """Ensures we introspect composite indexes."""
+
+        engine = connection.engine
+
+        insp = inspect(engine)
+        eq_(
+            {
+                (None, "composite_fk"): [
+                    {
+                        "name": "idx_composte_fk_all",
+                        "column_names": ["my_a", "my_b", "my_c"],
+                        "unique": False,
+                        "column_sorting": {"my_a": "asc", "my_b": "asc", "my_c": "asc"},
+                        "include_columns": [],
+                        "dialect_options": {},
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            insp.get_multi_indexes(filter_names=["composite_fk"]),
+        )
+
+    def test_commit_timestamp(self, connection):
+        """Ensures commit timestamps are set."""
+
+        class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+            pass
+
+        class TimestampUser(Base):
+            __tablename__ = "timestamp_users"
+            ID: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+            name: Mapped[str]
+            updated_at: Mapped[datetime.datetime] = mapped_column(
+                spanner_allow_commit_timestamp=True,
+                default=text("PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP()"),
+                # Make sure that this column is never part of a THEN RETURN clause.
+                spanner_exclude_from_returning=True,
+            )
+
+        @event.listens_for(TimestampUser, "before_update")
+        def before_update(mapper, connection, target):
+            target.updated_at = text("PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP()")
+
+        engine = connection.engine
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        try:
+            with Session(engine) as session:
+                session.add(TimestampUser(name="name"))
+                session.commit()
+
+            with Session(engine) as session:
+                users = list(
+                    session.scalars(
+                        select(TimestampUser).where(TimestampUser.name == "name")
+                    )
+                )
+                user = users[0]
+
+                is_not_none(user.updated_at)
+                created_at = user.updated_at
+
+                user.name = "new-name"
+                session.commit()
+
+            with Session(engine) as session:
+                users = list(
+                    session.scalars(
+                        select(TimestampUser).where(TimestampUser.name == "new-name")
+                    )
+                )
+                user = users[0]
+
+                is_not_none(user.updated_at)
+                is_true(user.updated_at > created_at)
+
+        finally:
+            Base.metadata.drop_all(engine)
diff --git a/test/test_suite_13.py b/test/test_suite_13.py
index 97f5754e..be8b1f78 100644
--- a/test/test_suite_13.py
+++ b/test/test_suite_13.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import decimal
 import operator
 import os
-import pkg_resources
 import pytest
 import random
 import time
@@ -126,6 +125,8 @@
 )
 from test._helpers import get_db_url, get_project
 
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner import version as sqlalchemy_spanner_version
+
 config.test_schema = ""
 
 
@@ -1014,22 +1015,6 @@ def test_fk_column_order(self):
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("referred_columns")), {"name", "id", "attr"})
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("constrained_columns")), {"pname", "pid", "pattr"})
 
-    @testing.requires.primary_key_constraint_reflection
-    def test_pk_column_order(self, connection):
-        """
-        SPANNER OVERRIDE:
-        Emultor doesn't support returning pk sorted by ordinal value
-        of columns.
-        """
-        insp = inspect(connection)
-        primary_key = insp.get_pk_constraint(self.tables.tb1.name)
-        exp = (
-            ["id", "name", "attr"]
-            if bool(os.environ.get("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"))
-            else ["name", "id", "attr"]
-        )
-        eq_(primary_key.get("constrained_columns"), exp)
-
 
 class RowFetchTest(_RowFetchTest):
     def test_row_w_scalar_select(self):
@@ -1648,12 +1633,10 @@ class UserAgentTest(SpannerSpecificTestBase):
     """Check that SQLAlchemy dialect uses correct user agent."""
 
     def test_user_agent(self):
-        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution("sqlalchemy-spanner")
-
         with self._engine.connect() as connection:
             assert (
                 connection.connection.instance._client._client_info.user_agent
-                == f"gl-{dist.project_name}/{dist.version}"
+                == f"gl-sqlalchemy-spanner/{sqlalchemy_spanner_version.__version__}"
             )
 
 
@@ -1705,7 +1688,6 @@ def setUp(self):
 
     def test_offset_only(self):
         for offset in [1, 7, 10, 100, 1000, 10000]:
-
             with self._engine.connect().execution_options(read_only=True) as connection:
                 list(connection.execute(self._table.select().offset(offset)).fetchall())
 
diff --git a/test/test_suite_14.py b/test/test_suite_14.py
index 57305157..5a083ce2 100644
--- a/test/test_suite_14.py
+++ b/test/test_suite_14.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import decimal
 import operator
 import os
-import pkg_resources
 import pytest
 import random
 import time
@@ -143,6 +142,9 @@
 )
 from test._helpers import get_db_url, get_project
 
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner import version as sqlalchemy_spanner_version
+
+
 config.test_schema = ""
 
 
@@ -557,7 +559,6 @@ def test_get_foreign_keys(self, connection, use_schema):
     def test_get_table_names(
         self, connection, order_by, include_plain, include_views, use_schema
     ):
-
         if use_schema:
             schema = config.test_schema
         else:
@@ -858,22 +859,6 @@ def test_fk_column_order(self):
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("referred_columns")), {"name", "id", "attr"})
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("constrained_columns")), {"pname", "pid", "pattr"})
 
-    @testing.requires.primary_key_constraint_reflection
-    def test_pk_column_order(self, connection):
-        """
-        SPANNER OVERRIDE:
-        Emultor doesn't support returning pk sorted by ordinal value
-        of columns.
-        """
-        insp = inspect(connection)
-        primary_key = insp.get_pk_constraint(self.tables.tb1.name)
-        exp = (
-            ["id", "name", "attr"]
-            if bool(os.environ.get("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"))
-            else ["name", "id", "attr"]
-        )
-        eq_(primary_key.get("constrained_columns"), exp)
-
 
 @pytest.mark.skip("Spanner doesn't support quotes in table names.")
 class QuotedNameArgumentTest(_QuotedNameArgumentTest):
@@ -1921,12 +1906,10 @@ def setUp(self):
         self._metadata = MetaData(bind=self._engine)
 
     def test_user_agent(self):
-        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution("sqlalchemy-spanner")
-
         with self._engine.connect() as connection:
             assert (
                 connection.connection.instance._client._client_info.user_agent
-                == "gl-" + dist.project_name + "/" + dist.version
+                == f"gl-sqlalchemy-spanner/{sqlalchemy_spanner_version.__version__}"
             )
 
 
diff --git a/test/test_suite_20.py b/test/test_suite_20.py
index 4b6849e4..d74ac9f5 100644
--- a/test/test_suite_20.py
+++ b/test/test_suite_20.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 import decimal
 import operator
 import os
-import pkg_resources
 import pytest
 import random
 import time
@@ -41,6 +40,7 @@
 from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
 from sqlalchemy.testing import is_instance_of
 from sqlalchemy.testing import provide_metadata, emits_warning
+from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 from sqlalchemy.testing import fixtures
 from sqlalchemy.testing.provision import temp_table_keyword_args
 from sqlalchemy.testing.schema import Column
@@ -61,9 +61,9 @@
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from sqlalchemy.types import Integer
 from sqlalchemy.types import Numeric
+
 from sqlalchemy.types import Text
 from sqlalchemy.testing import requires
-from sqlalchemy.testing import is_true
 from sqlalchemy import Index
 from sqlalchemy import types
 from sqlalchemy.testing.fixtures import (
@@ -157,6 +157,9 @@
     get_project,
 )
 
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner import version as sqlalchemy_spanner_version
+
+
 config.test_schema = ""
 
 
@@ -254,6 +257,11 @@ def test_binary_reflection(self, connection, metadata):
             assert isinstance(typ, LargeBinary)
             eq_(typ.length, 20)
 
+    @testing.requires.table_reflection
+    def test_string_length_reflection(self, connection, metadata):
+        typ = self._type_round_trip(connection, metadata, types.String(52))[0]
+        assert isinstance(typ, types.String)
+
 
 class ComputedReflectionFixtureTest(_ComputedReflectionFixtureTest):
     @classmethod
@@ -884,7 +892,6 @@ def test_get_multi_foreign_keys(
         scope=ObjectScope.DEFAULT,
         kind=ObjectKind.TABLE,
     ):
-
         """
         SPANNER OVERRIDE:
 
@@ -917,6 +924,15 @@ def test_get_multi_foreign_keys(
                 self._required_fk_keys,
             )
 
+    def test_get_foreign_keys_quoted_name(self, connection, metadata):
+        pass
+
+    def test_get_indexes_quoted_name(self, connection, metadata):
+        pass
+
+    def test_get_unique_constraints_quoted_name(self, connection, metadata):
+        pass
+
     def exp_columns(
         self,
         schema=None,
@@ -1050,13 +1066,13 @@ def test_get_multi_columns(
     @pytest.mark.skip(
         "Requires an introspection method to be implemented in SQLAlchemy first"
     )
-    def test_get_multi_unique_constraints():
+    def test_get_multi_unique_constraints(self):
         pass
 
     @pytest.mark.skip(
         "Requires an introspection method to be implemented in SQLAlchemy first"
     )
-    def test_get_multi_check_constraints():
+    def test_get_multi_check_constraints(self):
         pass
 
     @testing.combinations((False,), argnames="use_schema")
@@ -1106,7 +1122,6 @@ def test_get_foreign_keys(self, connection, use_schema):
         (True, testing.requires.schemas), False, argnames="use_schema"
     )
     def test_get_table_names(self, connection, order_by, use_schema):
-
         schema = None
 
         _ignore_tables = [
@@ -1539,22 +1554,6 @@ def test_fk_column_order(self, connection):
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("referred_columns")), {"name", "id", "attr"})
         eq_(set(fkey1.get("constrained_columns")), {"pname", "pid", "pattr"})
 
-    @testing.requires.primary_key_constraint_reflection
-    def test_pk_column_order(self, connection):
-        """
-        SPANNER OVERRIDE:
-        Emultor doesn't support returning pk sorted by ordinal value
-        of columns.
-        """
-        insp = inspect(connection)
-        primary_key = insp.get_pk_constraint(self.tables.tb1.name)
-        exp = (
-            ["id", "name", "attr"]
-            if bool(os.environ.get("SPANNER_EMULATOR_HOST"))
-            else ["name", "id", "attr"]
-        )
-        eq_(primary_key.get("constrained_columns"), exp)
-
 
 @pytest.mark.skip("Spanner doesn't support quotes in table names.")
 class QuotedNameArgumentTest(_QuotedNameArgumentTest):
@@ -1997,7 +1996,6 @@ def _round_trip(self, datatype, data):
             assert isinstance(row[0], (long, int))  # noqa
 
     def _huge_ints():
-
         return testing.combinations(
             2147483649,  # 32 bits
             2147483648,  # 32 bits
@@ -2593,6 +2591,12 @@ class BizarroCharacterFKResolutionTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     pass
 
 
+class BizarroCharacterTest(fixtures.TestBase):
+    @pytest.mark.skip("Bizarre characters in foreign key names are not supported")
+    def test_fk_ref(self, testing_engine):
+        pass
+
+
 class IsolationLevelTest(fixtures.TestBase):
     @pytest.mark.skip("Cloud Spanner does not support different isolation levels")
     def test_dialect_user_setting_is_restored(self, testing_engine):
@@ -2737,12 +2741,10 @@ def setUp(self):
         self._metadata = MetaData()
 
     def test_user_agent(self):
-        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution("sqlalchemy-spanner")
-
         with self._engine.connect() as connection:
             assert (
                 connection.connection.instance._client._client_info.user_agent
-                == "gl-" + dist.project_name + "/" + dist.version
+                == f"gl-sqlalchemy-spanner/{sqlalchemy_spanner_version.__version__}"
             )
 
 
diff --git a/test/unit/__init__.py b/test/unit/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
diff --git a/test/unit/test_alembic.py b/test/unit/test_alembic.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..75e39561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/test_alembic.py
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+from alembic.ddl import base as ddl_base
+from google.cloud.sqlalchemy_spanner import sqlalchemy_spanner
+from sqlalchemy import String, TextClause
+from sqlalchemy.testing import eq_
+from sqlalchemy.testing.plugin.plugin_base import fixtures
+
+
+class TestAlembicTest(fixtures.TestBase):
+    def test_visit_column_nullable_with_not_null_column(self):
+        ddl = sqlalchemy_spanner.visit_column_nullable(
+            ddl_base.ColumnNullable(
+                name="tbl", column_name="col", nullable=False, existing_type=String(256)
+            ),
+            sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDDLCompiler(
+                sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDialect(), None
+            ),
+        )
+        eq_(ddl, "ALTER TABLE tbl ALTER COLUMN col STRING(256) NOT NULL")
+
+    def test_visit_column_nullable_with_nullable_column(self):
+        ddl = sqlalchemy_spanner.visit_column_nullable(
+            ddl_base.ColumnNullable(
+                name="tbl", column_name="col", nullable=True, existing_type=String(256)
+            ),
+            sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDDLCompiler(
+                sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDialect(), None
+            ),
+        )
+        eq_(ddl, "ALTER TABLE tbl ALTER COLUMN col STRING(256)")
+
+    def test_visit_column_nullable_with_default(self):
+        ddl = sqlalchemy_spanner.visit_column_nullable(
+            ddl_base.ColumnNullable(
+                name="tbl",
+                column_name="col",
+                nullable=False,
+                existing_type=String(256),
+                existing_server_default=TextClause("GENERATE_UUID()"),
+            ),
+            sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDDLCompiler(
+                sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDialect(), None
+            ),
+        )
+        eq_(
+            ddl,
+            "ALTER TABLE tbl "
+            "ALTER COLUMN col "
+            "STRING(256) NOT NULL DEFAULT (GENERATE_UUID())",
+        )
+
+    def test_visit_column_type(self):
+        ddl = sqlalchemy_spanner.visit_column_type(
+            ddl_base.ColumnType(
+                name="tbl",
+                column_name="col",
+                type_=String(256),
+                existing_nullable=True,
+            ),
+            sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDDLCompiler(
+                sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDialect(), None
+            ),
+        )
+        eq_(ddl, "ALTER TABLE tbl ALTER COLUMN col STRING(256)")
+
+    def test_visit_column_type_with_default(self):
+        ddl = sqlalchemy_spanner.visit_column_type(
+            ddl_base.ColumnType(
+                name="tbl",
+                column_name="col",
+                type_=String(256),
+                existing_nullable=False,
+                existing_server_default=TextClause("GENERATE_UUID()"),
+            ),
+            sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDDLCompiler(
+                sqlalchemy_spanner.SpannerDialect(), None
+            ),
+        )
+        eq_(
+            ddl,
+            "ALTER TABLE tbl "
+            "ALTER COLUMN col "
+            "STRING(256) NOT NULL DEFAULT (GENERATE_UUID())",
+        )
diff --git a/test/unit/test_packaging.py b/test/unit/test_packaging.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c05f6042
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/test_packaging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2023 Google LLC
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+
+def test_namespace_package_compat(tmp_path):
+    # The ``google`` namespace package should not be masked
+    # by the presence of ``sqlalchemy-spanner``.
+    google = tmp_path / "google"
+    google.mkdir()
+    google.joinpath("othermod.py").write_text("")
+    env = dict(os.environ, PYTHONPATH=str(tmp_path))
+    cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "google.othermod"]
+    subprocess.check_call(cmd, env=env)
+
+    # The ``google.cloud`` namespace package should not be masked
+    # by the presence of ``sqlalchemy-spanner``.
+    google_cloud = tmp_path / "google" / "cloud"
+    google_cloud.mkdir()
+    google_cloud.joinpath("othermod.py").write_text("")
+    env = dict(os.environ, PYTHONPATH=str(tmp_path))
+    cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "google.cloud.othermod"]
+    subprocess.check_call(cmd, env=env)