load_abc.cpp

/*

 MikMod Sound System

  By Jake Stine of Divine Entertainment (1996-2000)

 Support:
  If you find problems with this code, send mail to:
    air@divent.org

 Distribution / Code rights:
  Use this source code in any fashion you see fit.  Giving me credit where
  credit is due is optional, depending on your own levels of integrity and
  honesty.

 -----------------------------------------
 Module: LOAD_ABC

  ABC module loader.
	by Peter Grootswagers (2006)
	<email:pgrootswagers@planet.nl>

 Portability:
	All systems - all compilers (hopefully)
*/

#include <limits.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#ifndef _WIN32
#include <unistd.h> // for sleep
#endif // _WIN32

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "sndfile.h"

#include "load_pat.h"

#if _MSC_VER >= 1600
#define putenv _putenv
#define strdup _strdup
#endif

#define MAXABCINCLUDES 8
#define MAXCHORDNAMES 80
#define ABC_ENV_DUMPTRACKS	"MMABC_DUMPTRACKS"
#define ABC_ENV_NORANDOMPICK	"MMABC_NO_RANDOM_PICK"

// gchords use tracks with vpos 1 thru 7
// drums use track with vpos 8
// voice chords use vpos 0 and vpos from 11 up
#define GCHORDBPOS 1
#define GCHORDFPOS 2
#define GCHORDCPOS 3
#define DRUMPOS   8
#define DRONEPOS1 9
#define DRONEPOS2 10

// in the patterns a whole note at unmodified tempo is 16 rows
#define ROWSPERNOTE 16
// a 1/64-th note played in triool equals a 1/96-th note, to be able
// to play them and also to play the 1/64-th we need a resolution of 192
// because 2/192 = 1/96 and 3/192 = 1/64
#define RESOLUTION	192

/**********************************************************************/

#pragma pack(1)

typedef enum {
	note,
	octave,
	smpno,
	volume,
	effect,
	effoper
} ABCEVENT_X_NOTE;

typedef enum {
	none,
	trill,
	bow,
	accent
} ABCEVENT_X_EFFECT;

typedef enum {
	cmdflag,
	command,
	chordnum,
	chordnote,
	chordbase,
	jumptype
} ABCEVENT_X_CMD;

typedef enum {
	cmdsegno   = '$',
	cmdcapo    = 'B',
	cmdchord   = 'C',
	cmdfine    = 'F',
	cmdhide    = 'H',
	cmdjump    = 'J',
	cmdloop    = 'L',
	cmdcoda    = 'O',
	cmdpartbrk = 'P',
	cmdsync    = 'S',
	cmdtempo   = 'T',
	cmdvariant = 'V',
	cmdtocoda  = 'X'
} ABCEVENT_CMD;

typedef enum {
	jumpnormal,
	jumpfade,
	jumpdacapo,
	jumpdcfade,
	jumpdasegno,
	jumpdsfade,
	jumpfine,
	jumptocoda,
	jumpvariant,
	jumpnot
} ABCEVENT_JUMPTYPE;

typedef struct _ABCEVENT
{
	struct _ABCEVENT *next;
	uint32_t tracktick;
	union {
		uint8_t par[6];
		struct {
			uint8_t flg;
			uint8_t cmd;
			uint32_t lpar;	// for variant selections, bit pattern
		};
	};
	uint8_t part;
	uint8_t tiednote;
} ABCEVENT;

typedef struct _ABCTRACK
{
	struct _ABCTRACK *next;
	ABCEVENT *head;
	ABCEVENT *tail;
	ABCEVENT *capostart;
	ABCEVENT *tienote;
	int transpose;
	int octave_shift;
	uint32_t slidevoltime;	// for crescendo and diminuendo
	int slidevol; // -2:fade away, -1:diminuendo, 0:none, +1:crescendo
	uint8_t vno; // 0 is track is free for use, from previous song in multi-songbook
	uint8_t vpos; // 0 is main voice, other is subtrack for gchords, gchords or drumnotes
	uint8_t tiedvpos;
	uint8_t mute;
	uint8_t chan; // 10 is percussion channel, any other is melodic channel
	uint8_t volume;
	uint8_t instr;	// current instrument for this track
	uint8_t legato;
	char v[22];	// first twenty characters are significant
} ABCTRACK;

typedef struct _ABCMACRO
{
	struct _ABCMACRO *next;
	char *name;
	char *subst;
	char *n;
} ABCMACRO;

typedef struct _ABCHANDLE
{
	ABCMACRO *macro;
	ABCMACRO *umacro;
	ABCTRACK *track;
	long int pickrandom;
	unsigned int len;
	int speed;
	char *line;
	char *beatstring;
	uint8_t beat[4]; // a:first note, b:strong notes, c:weak notes, n:strong note every n
	char gchord[80];	// last setting for gchord
	char drum[80]; // last setting for drum 
	char drumins[80]; // last setting for drum 
	char drumvol[80]; // last setting for drum 
	uint32_t barticks;
	// parse variables, declared here to avoid parameter pollution
	int abcchordvol, abcchordprog, abcbassvol, abcbassprog;
	int ktrans;
	int drumon, gchordon, droneon;
	int dronegm, dronepitch[2], dronevol[2];
	ABCTRACK *tp, *tpc, *tpr;
	uint32_t tracktime;
} ABCHANDLE;

#pragma pack()

/**********************************************************************/

static int global_voiceno, global_octave_shift, global_tempo_factor, global_tempo_divider;
static char global_part;
static uint32_t global_songstart;
/* Named guitar chords */
static char chordname[MAXCHORDNAMES][8];
static int chordnotes[MAXCHORDNAMES][6];
static int chordlen[MAXCHORDNAMES];
static int chordsnamed = 0;

static const char *sig[] = {
	" C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b",	// 7 sharps C#
	" C D EF G AB c d ef g ab ",	// 6 sharps F#
	" C DE F G AB c de f g ab ",	// 5 sharps B
	" C DE F GA B c de f ga b ",	// 4 sharps E
	" CD E F GA B cd e f ga b ",	// 3 sharps A
	" CD E FG A B cd e fg a b ",	// 2 sharps D
	" C D E FG A Bc d e fg a b",	// 1 sharps G
	" C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b",	// 0 sharps C
	" C D EF G AB c d ef g ab ",	// 1 flats  F
	" C DE F G AB c de f g ab ",	// 2 flats  Bb
	" C DE F GA B c de f ga b ",	// 3 flats  Eb
	" CD E F GA B cd e f ga b ",	// 4 flats  Ab
	" CD E FG A B cd e fg a b ",	// 5 flats  Db
	"C D E FG A Bc d e fg a b ",	// 6 flats  Gb
	"C D EF G A Bc d ef g a b ",	// 7 flats  Cb
// 0123456789012345678901234	
};

static const char *keySigs[] = {
/* 0....:....1....:....2....:....3....:....4....:....5. */
	"7 sharps: C#    A#m   G#Mix D#Dor E#Phr F#Lyd B#Loc ",
	"6 sharps: F#    D#m   C#Mix G#Dor A#Phr BLyd  E#Loc ",
	"5 sharps: B     G#m   F#Mix C#Dor D#Phr ELyd  A#Loc ",
	"4 sharps: E     C#m   BMix  F#Dor G#Phr ALyd  D#Loc ",
	"3 sharps: A     F#m   EMix  BDor  C#Phr DLyd  G#Loc ",
	"2 sharps: D     Bm    AMix  EDor  F#Phr GLyd  C#Loc ",
	"1 sharp : G     Em    DMix  ADor  BPhr  CLyd  F#Loc ",
	"0 sharps: C     Am    GMix  DDor  EPhr  FLyd  BLoc  ",
	"1 flat  : F     Dm    CMix  GDor  APhr  BbLyd ELoc  ",
	"2 flats : Bb    Gm    FMix  CDor  DPhr  EbLyd ALoc  ",
	"3 flats : Eb    Cm    BbMix FDor  GPhr  AbLyd DLoc  ",
	"4 flats : Ab    Fm    EbMix BbDor CPhr  DbLyd GLoc  ",
	"5 flats : Db    Bbm   AbMix EbDor FPhr  GbLyd CLoc  ",
	"6 flats : Gb    Ebm   DbMix AbDor BbPhr CbLyd FLoc  ",
	"7 flats : Cb    Abm   GbMix DbDor EbPhr FbLyd BbLoc ",
	0
};

// local prototypes
static int abc_getnumber(const char *p, int *number);
static ABCTRACK *abc_locate_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos);
static void	abc_add_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, ABCEVENT *e);
static void abc_add_setloop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime);
static void abc_add_setjumploop(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime, ABCEVENT_JUMPTYPE j);
static uint32_t abc_pattracktime(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t tracktime);
static int abc_patno(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t tracktime);

#ifndef HAVE_SETENV
static void setenv(const char *name, const char *value, int overwrite)
{
	int len = strlen(name)+1+strlen(value)+1;
	char *str = (char *)malloc(len);
	sprintf(str, "%s=%s", name, value);
	putenv(str);
	free(str);
}
#endif

static int abc_isvalidchar(char c) {
	return(isalpha(c) || isdigit(c) || isspace(c) || c == '%' || c == ':');
}
#if 0
static const char *abc_skipspace(const char *p)
{
	while (*p && isspace(*p))
		p++;
	return p;
}
#endif

static void abc_extractkeyvalue(char *key, size_t key_max,
								char *value, size_t value_max, const char *src)
{
	while (*src && isspace(*src))
		src++;

	size_t key_size;
	for (key_size = 0; key_size < key_max - 1 && *src;) {
		if (*src == '=') {
			src++;
			break;
		}
		key[key_size++] = *src++;
	}
	while (key_size > 0 && isspace(key[key_size - 1]))
		key_size--;
	key[key_size] = '\0';

	while (*src && isspace(*src))
		src++;

	size_t value_size;
	for (value_size = 0; value_size < value_max - 1 && *src;)
		value[value_size++] = *src++;
	while (value_size > 0 && isspace(value[value_size - 1]))
		value_size--;
	value[value_size] = '\0';
}

static void abc_message(const char *s1, const char *s2)
{
	char txt[256];
	if( strlen(s1) + strlen(s2) > 255 ) return;
	sprintf(txt, s1, s2);
	fprintf(stderr, "load_abc > %s\n", txt);
}

static uint32_t modticks(uint32_t abcticks)
{
	return abcticks / RESOLUTION;
}

static uint32_t abcticks(uint32_t modticks)
{
	return modticks * RESOLUTION;
}

static uint32_t notelen_notediv_to_ticks(int speed, int len, int div)
{
	uint32_t u;
	if (div == 0) return 0;
	u = (ROWSPERNOTE * RESOLUTION * speed * len * global_tempo_factor) / (div * global_tempo_divider);
	return u;
}

static void abc_dumptracks(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *p)
{
	ABCTRACK *t;
	ABCEVENT *e;
	int n,pat,row,tck;
	char nn[3];
	if( !h ) return;
	for( t=h->track; t; t=t->next ) {
		printf("track %d.%d chan=%d %s\n", (int)(t->vno), (int)(t->vpos),
		                                   (int)(t->chan), (char *)(t->v));
		if( strcmp(p,"nonotes") )
			n = 1;
		else
			n = 0;
		for( e=t->head; e; e=e->next ) {
			tck = modticks(e->tracktick);
			row = tck / h->speed;
			pat = row / 64;
			tck = tck % h->speed;
			row = row % 64; 
			nn[0] = ( e->tracktick % abcticks(h->speed * 64) ) ? ' ': '-';
			if( e->flg == 1 ) {
				printf("  %6d.%02d.%d%c%c %d.%d %s ",
				       pat, row, tck, nn[0], (int)(e->part), (int)(t->vno),
				       (int)(t->vpos), (char *)(t->v));
				if( e->cmd == cmdchord ) {
					nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[chordnote]];
					nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[chordnote]];
					nn[2] = '\0';
					if( isspace(nn[1]) ) nn[1] = '\0';
					printf("CMD %c: gchord %s%s",
					       (char)(e->cmd), nn, chordname[e->par[chordnum]]);
					if( e->par[chordbase] != e->par[chordnote] ) {
						nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[chordbase]];
						nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[chordbase]];
						nn[2] = '\0';
						printf("/%s", nn);
					}
					printf("\n");
				}
				else
					printf("CMD %c @%p 0x%08lX\n",
					       (char)(e->cmd), e,
					       (unsigned long)(e->lpar));
				if( strcmp(p,"nonotes") )
					n = 1;
				else
					n = 0;
			}
			else if( n ) {
				printf("  %6d.%02d.%d%c%c %d.%d %s ", pat, row, tck, nn[0], e->part, t->vno, t->vpos, t->v);
				if( e->par[note] ) {
					nn[0] = "CCCDDEFFGGAABccddeffggaabb"[e->par[note]-23];
					nn[1] = "b # #  # # #  # #  # # # #"[e->par[note]-23];
					nn[2] = '\0';
				}
				else strcpy(nn,"--");
				printf("NOTE %s octave %d inst %s vol %03d\n", 
					nn, e->par[octave], pat_gm_name(pat_smptogm(e->par[smpno])),e->par[volume]);
				if( strcmp(p,"all") )
					n = 0;
			}
		}
	}
}

#if defined(WIN32) && defined(_mm_free)
#undef _mm_free
#endif

#define MMSTREAM			FILE
#define _mm_fopen(name,mode)		fopen(name,mode)
#define _mm_fgets(f,buf,sz)		fgets(buf,sz,f)
#define _mm_fseek(f,pos,whence)		fseek(f,pos,whence)
#define _mm_ftell(f)			ftell(f)
#define _mm_read_UBYTES(buf,sz,f)	fread(buf,sz,1,f)
#define _mm_read_SBYTES(buf,sz,f)	fread(buf,sz,1,f)
#define _mm_feof(f)			feof(f)
#define _mm_fclose(f)			fclose(f)
#define DupStr(h,buf,sz)		strdup(buf)
#define _mm_calloc(h,n,sz)		calloc(n,sz)
#define _mm_recalloc(h,buf,sz,elsz)	realloc(buf,sz)
#define _mm_free(h,p)			free(p)

typedef struct {
	char *mm;
	int sz;
	int pos;
} MMFILE;

static MMFILE *mmfopen(const char *name, const char *mode)
{
	FILE *fp;
	MMFILE *mmfile = NULL;
	long len;
	if( *mode != 'r' ) return NULL;
	fp = fopen(name, mode);
	if( !fp ) return NULL;
	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
	len = ftell(fp);
	if ( len > 0 )
		mmfile = (MMFILE *)malloc(len+sizeof(MMFILE));
	if( !mmfile || len <= 0 ) {
		fclose(fp);
		return NULL;
	}
	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
	fread(&mmfile[1],1,len,fp);
	fclose(fp);
	mmfile->mm = (char *)&mmfile[1];
	mmfile->sz = len;
	mmfile->pos = 0;
	return mmfile;
}

static void mmfclose(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	free(mmfile);
}

static bool mmfeof(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	if( mmfile->pos < 0 ) return TRUE;
	if( mmfile->pos < mmfile->sz ) return FALSE;
	return TRUE;
}

static int mmfgetc(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	int b;
	if( mmfeof(mmfile) ) return EOF;
	b = mmfile->mm[mmfile->pos];
	mmfile->pos++;
	if( b=='\r' && !mmfeof(mmfile) && mmfile->mm[mmfile->pos] == '\n' ) {
		b = '\n';
		mmfile->pos++;
	}
	return b;
}

static void mmfgets(char buf[], unsigned int bufsz, MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	int i,b;
	for( i=0; i<(int)bufsz-1; i++ ) {
		b = mmfgetc(mmfile);
		if( b==EOF ) break;
		buf[i] = b;
		if( b == '\n' ) break;
	}
	buf[i] = '\0';
}

static long mmftell(MMFILE *mmfile)
{
	return mmfile->pos;
}

static void mmfseek(MMFILE *mmfile, long p, int whence)
{
	switch(whence) {
		case SEEK_SET:
			mmfile->pos = p;
			break;
		case SEEK_CUR:
			mmfile->pos += p;
			break;
		case SEEK_END:
			mmfile->pos = mmfile->sz + p;
			break;
	}
}

// =====================================================================================
static ABCEVENT *abc_new_event(ABCHANDLE *h, uint32_t abctick, const char data[])
// =====================================================================================
{
	ABCEVENT   *retval;
	int i;

	retval = (ABCEVENT *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCEVENT));
	retval->next        = NULL;
	retval->tracktick   = abctick;
	for( i=0; i<6; i++ )
	    retval->par[i]  = data[i];
	retval->part = global_part;
	retval->tiednote = 0;
	return retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCEVENT *abc_copy_event(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCEVENT *se)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	e = (ABCEVENT *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCEVENT));
	e->next        = NULL;
	e->tracktick   = se->tracktick;
	e->flg         = se->flg;
	e->cmd         = se->cmd;
	e->lpar        = se->lpar;
	e->part        = se->part;
	return e;
}

// =============================================================================
static void abc_new_macro(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *m)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCMACRO *retval;
	char key[256], value[256];
	abc_extractkeyvalue(key, sizeof(key), value, sizeof(value), m);

	retval = (ABCMACRO *)_mm_calloc(h->macrohandle, 1,sizeof(ABCMACRO));
	retval->name  = DupStr(h->macrohandle, key, strlen(key));
	retval->n     = strrchr(retval->name, 'n'); // for transposing macro's
	retval->subst = DupStr(h->macrohandle, value, strlen(value));
	retval->next  = h->macro;
	h->macro      = retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static void abc_new_umacro(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *m)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCMACRO *retval, *mp;
	char key[256], value[256];
	abc_extractkeyvalue(key, sizeof(key), value, sizeof(value), m);
	if( strlen(key) > 1 || strchr("~HIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXY",toupper(key[0])) == 0 ) return;
	while( char *q = strchr(key, '!') )
		*q = '+'; // translate oldstyle to newstyle
	if( !strcmp(key,"+nil+") ) { // delete a macro
		mp = NULL;
		for( retval=h->umacro; retval; retval = retval->next ) {
			if( retval->name[0] == key[0] ) {	// delete this one
				if( mp ) mp->next = retval->next;
				else h->umacro = retval->next;
				_mm_free(h->macrohandle, retval);
				return;
			}
			mp = retval;
		}
		return;
	}
	retval = (ABCMACRO *)_mm_calloc(h->macrohandle, 1,sizeof(ABCMACRO));
	retval->name  = DupStr(h->macrohandle, key, 1);
	retval->subst = DupStr(h->macrohandle, value, strlen(value));
	retval->n     = 0;
	retval->next  = h->umacro; // by placing it up front we mask out the old macro until we +nil+ it
	h->umacro      = retval;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_new_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCTRACK *retval;
	if( !pos ) global_voiceno++;
	retval = (ABCTRACK *)_mm_calloc(h->trackhandle, 1,sizeof(ABCTRACK));
	retval->next         = NULL;
	retval->vno          = global_voiceno;
	retval->vpos         = pos;
	retval->tiedvpos     = pos;
	retval->instr        = 1;
	strncpy(retval->v, voice, 20);
	retval->v[20]        = '\0';
	retval->head         = NULL;
	retval->tail         = NULL;
	retval->capostart    = NULL;
	retval->tienote      = NULL;
	retval->mute         = 0;
	retval->chan         = 0;
	retval->transpose    = 0;
	retval->volume       = h->track? h->track->volume: 120;
	retval->slidevoltime = 0;
	retval->slidevol     = 0;
	retval->legato       = 0;
	return retval;
}

static int abc_numtracks(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	int n;
	ABCTRACK *t;
	n=0;
	for( t = h->track; t; t=t->next )
		n++;
	return n;
}

static int abc_interval(const char *s, const char *d)
{
	const char *p;
	int i,j,k;
	int n,oct,m[2];
	for( j=0; j<2; j++ ) {
		if( j ) p = d; 
		else p = s;
		switch(p[0]) {
			case '^':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			case '_':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			case '=':
				n = p[1];
				i = 2;
				break;
			default:
				n = p[0];
				i = 1;
				break;
		}
		for( k=0; k<25; k++ )
			if( n == sig[7][k] )
				break;
		oct = 4;	// ABC note pitch C is C4 and pitch c is C5
		if( k > 12 ) {
			oct++;
			k -= 12;
		}
		while( p[i] == ',' || p[i] == '\'' ) {
			if( p[i] == ',' )
				oct--;
			else
				oct++;
			i++;
		}
		m[j] = k + 12 * oct;
	}
	return m[0] - m[1];
}

static int abc_transpose(const char *v)
{
	int i,j,t;
	const char *m = "B", *mv = "";
	t = 0;
	global_octave_shift = 99;
	for( ; *v && *v != ']'; v++ ) {
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"t=",2) ) {
			v+=2;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"octave=",7) ) {
			v+=7;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j * 12;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"transpose=",10) ) {
			v+=10;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"octave=",7) ) { // used in kv304*.abc
			v+=7;
			if( *v=='-' )	{
				j = -1;
				v++;
			}
			else j = 1;
			v+=abc_getnumber(v,&i);
			t += i * j * 12;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"m=",2) ) {
			v += 2;
			mv = v; // get the pitch for the middle staff line 
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"middle=",7) ) {
			v += 7;
			mv = v; // get the pitch for the middle staff line 
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"clef=",5) )
			v += 5;
		j = 1;
		if( !strncasecmp(v,"treble",6) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 6;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "d";	break;
				case '2': v++;
				default: m = "B";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '4': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "C";	break;
			}
			global_octave_shift = 0;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"bass",4) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 4;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "C";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "A,";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "F,";	break;
				case '4': v++;
				default: m = "D,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "B,,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = -2;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"tenor",5) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 5;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '3': v++; m = "C";	break;
				case '4': v++;
				default: m = "A,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "F,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = 1;
		}
		if( j && !strncasecmp(v,"alto",4) ) {
			j = 0;
			v += 4;
			switch( *v ) {
				case '1':	v++; m = "G";	break;
				case '2': v++; m = "E";	break;
				case '3': v++; 
				default: m = "C";	break;
				case '4': v++; m = "A,";	break;
				case '5': v++; m = "F,";	break;
			}
			if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
				global_octave_shift = 1;
		}
		if( j && strchr("+-",*v) && *v && v[1]=='8' ) {
			switch(*v) {
				case '+':
					t += 12;
					break;
				case '-':
					t -= 12;
					break;
			}
			v += 2;
			if( !strncasecmp(v,"va",2) ) v += 2;
			global_octave_shift = 0;
			j = 0;
		}
		if( j ) {
			while( *v && *v != ' ' && *v != ']' ) v++;
		}
	}
	if( strlen(mv) > 0 ) // someone set the middle note
		t += abc_interval(mv, m);
	if( global_octave_shift == 99 )
		global_octave_shift = 0;
	return t;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_locate_track(ABCHANDLE *h, const char *voice, int pos)
// =============================================================================
{
	ABCTRACK *tr, *prev, *trunused;
	char vc[21];
	int i, trans=0, voiceno=0, instrno = 1, channo = 0;
	for( ; *voice == ' '; voice++ ) ;	// skip leading spaces
	for( i=0; i+1 < sizeof(vc) && *voice && *voice != ']' && *voice != '%' && !isspace(*voice); voice++ )	// can work with inline voice instructions
		vc[i++] = *voice;
	vc[i] = '\0';
	prev = NULL;
	trunused = NULL;
	if( !pos )	trans = abc_transpose(voice);
	for( tr=h->track; tr; tr=tr->next ) {
		if( tr->vno == 0 ) {
			if( !trunused ) trunused = tr; // must reuse mastertrack (h->track) as first
		}
		else {
			if( !strncasecmp(tr->v, vc, 20) ) {
				if( tr->vpos == pos ) 
					return tr;
				trans = tr->transpose;
				global_octave_shift = tr->octave_shift;
				voiceno = tr->vno;
				instrno = tr->instr;
				channo  = tr->chan;
			}
		}
		prev = tr;
	}
	if( trunused ) {
		tr = trunused;
		if( pos ) {
			tr->vno   = voiceno;
			tr->instr = instrno;
			tr->chan  = channo;
		}
		else {
			global_voiceno++;
			tr->vno   = global_voiceno;
			tr->instr = 1;
			tr->chan  = 0;
		}
		tr->vpos         = pos;
		tr->tiedvpos     = pos;
		strncpy(tr->v, vc, 20);
		tr->v[20]        = '\0';
		tr->mute         = 0;
		tr->transpose    = trans;
		tr->octave_shift = global_octave_shift;
		tr->volume       = h->track->volume;
		tr->tienote      = NULL;
		tr->legato       = 0;
		return tr;
	}
	tr = abc_new_track(h, vc, pos);
	if( pos ) {
		tr->vno   = voiceno;
		tr->instr = instrno;
		tr->chan  = channo;
	}
	tr->transpose    = trans;
	tr->octave_shift = global_octave_shift;
	if( prev ) prev->next = tr;
	else	h->track = tr;
	return tr;
}

// =============================================================================
static ABCTRACK *abc_check_track(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp)
// =============================================================================
{
	if( !tp ) {
		tp = abc_locate_track(h, "", 0);	// must work for voiceless abc too...
		tp->transpose = h->ktrans;
	}
	return tp;
}

static void abc_add_capo(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdcapo;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	tp->capostart = e;
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e); // do this last (recursion danger)
}

static void abc_add_segno(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdsegno;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_coda(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdcoda;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_fine(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdfine;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

static void abc_add_tocoda(ABCHANDLE *h, ABCTRACK *tp, uint32_t tracktime)
{
	ABCEVENT *e;
	char d[6];
	d[0] = d[1] =	d[2] = d[3] = d[4] = d[5] = 0;
	d[cmdflag] = 1;
	d[command] = cmdtocoda;
	e = abc_new_event(h, tracktime, d);
	abc_add_event(h, tp, e);
}

// first track is dirigent, remove all control events from other tracks
// to keep the information where the events should be relative to note events
// in the same tick the ticks are octated and four added for note events
// the control events that come before the note events get a decremented tick,
// those that come after get an incremented tick, for example:
//             ctrl ctrl note ctrl ctrl  note
//   original: t    t    t    t    t+1   t+1
//   recoded:  8t+1 8t+2 8t+4 8t+5 8t+11 8t+12
static void abc_remove_unnecessary_events(ABCHANDLE *h)
{
	ABCTRACK *tp,*ptp;
	ABCEVENT *ep, *el;
	uint32_t ct, et;
	int d;
	ptp = NULL;
	for( tp=h->track; tp; tp=tp->next ) {
		el = NULL;
		ep = tp->head;
		ct = 0;
		d  = -3;
		while( ep ) {
			et = ep->tracktick;
			ep->tracktick <<= 3;
			ep->tracktick += 4;
			if( ep->flg == 1 ) {
				ep->tracktick += d;	
				d++;
				if( d == 0 ) d = -1;
				if( d == 4 ) d =  3;
				if( tp!=h->track ) ep->cmd = cmdhide;
				switch( ep->cmd ) {
					case cmdhide:
					case cmdsync:
						if( el ) {
							el->next = ep->next;
							if( !el->next )
								tp->tail = el;
							_mm_free(h->trackhandle,ep);
							ep = el->next;
						}
						else {
							tp->head = ep->next;
							if( !tp->head )
								tp->tail = NULL;
							_mm_free(h->trackhandle,ep);
							ep = tp->head;
						}